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Questions and Answers
What is the capital of Pakistan?
What is the capital of Pakistan?
Which sea is located to the south of Pakistan?
Which sea is located to the south of Pakistan?
What is Pakistan known for producing from cotton?
What is Pakistan known for producing from cotton?
Which ancient civilization originated from areas encompassing present-day Pakistan?
Which ancient civilization originated from areas encompassing present-day Pakistan?
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Who took power in the early 1500s in the region that includes present-day Pakistan?
Who took power in the early 1500s in the region that includes present-day Pakistan?
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Which two regions made up Pakistan after the separation from India in 1947?
Which two regions made up Pakistan after the separation from India in 1947?
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Which major group makes up about half of the population of Pakistan?
Which major group makes up about half of the population of Pakistan?
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In what year did East Pakistan become the independent country of Bangladesh?
In what year did East Pakistan become the independent country of Bangladesh?
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What territory have Pakistan and India long fought for control over?
What territory have Pakistan and India long fought for control over?
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What are the main crops grown in Pakistan?
What are the main crops grown in Pakistan?
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Which country designated Pakistan as a major non-NATO ally?
Which country designated Pakistan as a major non-NATO ally?
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Who demanded independence from West Pakistan leading to a civil war in 1971?
Who demanded independence from West Pakistan leading to a civil war in 1971?
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Study Notes
Pakistan
Pakistan is a country located in southern Asia. It shares its history with its neighbor India, and the two countries were separated by the British in 1947, creating Pakistan and India. Pakistan's capital is Islamabad, and its territory includes the regions of West and East Pakistan. The country is bounded by Iran, Afghanistan, China, and India, with the Arabian Sea to its south.
Agriculture and Industry
Pakistan's agriculture provides raw materials for its industries. The country is known for its cotton, which is used to produce cloth and clothing. Workers make carpets from wool, and leather goods from hides and skins. Other industries in Pakistan include fertilizer production, processed food manufacturing, and cement production. Pakistan also mines coal, oil, and natural gas.
Early History
The Indus Valley Civilization, one of the earliest ancient human civilizations in South Asia, originated from areas encompassing present-day Pakistan. The region was later invaded by Aryans, Greeks, Turks, and other peoples, and the Mughal Empire took power in the early 1500s. In the 1850s, the British took control of India, and Pakistan was a part of British India until its independence in the mid-20th century.
Separation from India
In 1947, the British divided British India into two new countries: Pakistan and India. Pakistan included two regions, West and East Pakistan, which were separated by more than 1,000 miles (1,600 kilometers) of Indian territory. When the new boundaries were formed, many Muslims left India for Pakistan and many Hindus left Pakistan for India. The conflict between the two groups led to thousands of deaths.
War with India
Pakistan and India have long fought for control of the region called Kashmir. The conflict over Kashmir led to a war between the countries in 1965. The war ended later that year, but the two countries continued to battle over the territory from time to time. The conflict grew more serious in 1998 when both countries tested nuclear weapons. Meanwhile, the people of East Pakistan demanded independence from West Pakistan, leading to a civil war in 1971. With the help of the Indian army, East Pakistan became the independent country of Bangladesh in 1972.
Recent Times
Since independence, Pakistan has seen a series of political transitions, including periods of military rule and democratically elected governments. The country has also faced challenges such as poverty, illiteracy, corruption, and terrorism. Despite these challenges, Pakistan is a member of the United Nations, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Commonwealth of Nations, the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, and the Islamic Military Counter-Terrorism Coalition. It is also designated as a major non-NATO ally by the United States.
Culture and Geography
Pakistan's people are a mixture of different groups that have come to the region over thousands of years. The five major groups are the Punjabis, the Pashtuns, the Sindhis, the Balochis, and the muhajirs. Punjabis make up about half of the population, and their language, called Punjabi, is the most commonly spoken one. Almost everyone in Pakistan practices Islam. The majority of the people live in rural areas, but the cities have grown rapidly. Most people live in the east, and many Pakistanis work in services, including transportation, communications, and government work. Many others work in agriculture. The main crops are wheat, rice, sugarcane, and cotton. Farmers also raise goats, sheep, cattle, and water buffalo.
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Description
Explore the rich history, diverse culture, and ongoing conflicts of Pakistan through this quiz. Learn about the country's early history, separation from India, war over Kashmir, political transitions, and major cultural groups. Discover how Pakistan has faced challenges such as poverty, illiteracy, corruption, and terrorism while being a member of various international organizations.
