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Questions and Answers

What is a major consideration when managing cardiovascular disease in the surgical setting?

  • Stopping all medications preoperatively
  • Requiring patients to fast before surgery
  • Avoiding all forms of stress preoperatively
  • Optimizing blood pressure before surgery (correct)

Which condition is NOT a risk factor for increased surgical complications?

  • Diabetes
  • Healthy cardiovascular function (correct)
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
  • Hypertension

Which preoperative management is most critical for a patient with diabetes?

  • Instructing to eat a large meal before surgery
  • Avoiding any form of exercise prior to surgery
  • Discontinuing all diabetic medications
  • Adjusting insulin and monitoring glucose levels (correct)

What effect does respiratory disease have on surgical risks?

<p>Increases the risk of postoperative respiratory failure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common postoperative complication for diabetic patients?

<p>Increased risk of infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an important strategy for managing heart failure in the surgical context?

<p>Use of diuretics and careful fluid management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affect surgical patients?

<p>It increases the risk for postoperative pneumonia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key factors to monitor for diabetic patients during surgery?

<p>Blood glucose levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-blockers in the preoperative period?

<p>Block beta-adrenergic receptors to reduce heart rate and blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to continue beta-blockers in patients with a history of myocardial infarction during the perioperative phase?

<p>To decrease the risk of perioperative cardiac events (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common nursing consideration when administering anticoagulants prior to surgery?

<p>Ensuring reversal agents are available if needed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should warfarin typically be discontinued before surgery?

<p>5-7 days before surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary indication for using insulin in the preoperative setting for diabetic patients?

<p>Managing blood glucose during fasting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of monitoring is essential when administering insulin to a patient preoperatively?

<p>Monitoring blood glucose levels frequently (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a common anticoagulant that may be used in the preoperative phase?

<p>Enoxaparin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical nursing consideration when using beta-blockers in the preoperative period?

<p>Holding the medication if the patient has a low heart rate or blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action for Cefazolin?

<p>Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should antibiotics be administered preoperatively for prophylaxis?

<p>60 minutes before the surgical incision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sedative is most commonly used for preoperative anxiety reduction?

<p>Midazolam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical nursing consideration when administering Lorazepam?

<p>Monitor for respiratory depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is preferred for its efficacy and lower side effect profile in preventing nausea?

<p>Ondansetron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reversal agent that should be available when using benzodiazepines?

<p>Flumazenil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is used specifically for MRSA coverage?

<p>Vancomycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What side effect should be monitored for when administering Metoclopramide?

<p>Extrapyramidal symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What preoperative intervention is essential for a patient with Obstructive Sleep Apnea?

<p>Employing CPAP machines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is NOT a part of health teaching in the preoperative phase?

<p>Performing the surgery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a priority assessment performed preoperatively to evaluate a patient's blood status?

<p>CBC or hemoglobin level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes a common psychological concern for preoperative patients?

<p>Anxiety about unknown experiences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured regarding the surgical consent form?

<p>The procedure matches the consent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To minimize a patient's anxiety, which action is NOT recommended?

<p>Promoting isolation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory test is specifically recommended for female patients in the preoperative phase?

<p>Pregnancy test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of airway management is critical for patients undergoing anesthesia?

<p>Assessing for sleep apnea risks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During preoperative patient preparation, what should be applied if indicated?

<p>An allergy band (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should NOT be part of preoperative patient documentation?

<p>Patient's social background (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Naloxone?

<p>Reversing opioid overdose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flumazenil is contraindicated in which condition?

<p>Benzodiazepine dependence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the mechanism of action of reversal agents?

<p>They act as competitive antagonists at specific receptors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important nursing consideration when administering Naloxone?

<p>Titrating the dose carefully to avoid withdrawal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for managing anesthesia and monitoring vital signs during surgery?

<p>Anesthesiologist/CRNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial role of the circulating nurse?

<p>Coordinating care and documenting the procedure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is NOT typically associated with the preoperative phase?

<p>Administering postoperative medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key expected outcome of effective preoperative teaching?

<p>Demonstration of preoperative exercises (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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