Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the three elements that combine to make a comprehensive view of ideology?
What are the three elements that combine to make a comprehensive view of ideology?
- Popular thinking in dialogue with the intelligentsia
- The notion of ideology as a thought-practice and the emergence of a new intellectual and moral order (correct)
- Social and psychological manifestations of ideology (correct)
- The Marxist view of ideology and the parallel notion of utopia
- The holistic nature of ideology and the need for non-illusory knowledge (correct)
- Material forms of ideology and the role of ideology as it relates to social practice
- Individual experiences and its relation to social practice
- The development of the concept of ideology as a critical analytical tool (correct)
What is the primary significance of Gramsci's work on ideology?
What is the primary significance of Gramsci's work on ideology?
Gramsci shifted the focus of ideology from an 'autonomous tool' of the state to a broader sphere that includes civil society, and he emphasized the role of individual and group activity in shaping ideologies.
What concept does Gramsci introduce to emphasize the complex interplay between dominant and subordinate groups in maintaining social order?
What concept does Gramsci introduce to emphasize the complex interplay between dominant and subordinate groups in maintaining social order?
Hegemony
What are the five main features of ideology, according to Althusser?
What are the five main features of ideology, according to Althusser?
According to Althusser, ideology is a 'new reality' that is superimposed on the existing economic and productive base.
According to Althusser, ideology is a 'new reality' that is superimposed on the existing economic and productive base.
Flashcards
Ideology
Ideology
A system of beliefs and principles, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.
Political ideologies
Political ideologies
Systems of beliefs and ideas about how society and government should be organized.
Communism
Communism
an ideology based on communal ownership of the means of production.
Fascism
Fascism
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Anarchism
Anarchism
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"Isms"
"Isms"
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Liberalism
Liberalism
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Artificially constructed sets of ideas
Artificially constructed sets of ideas
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Manipulation by powers
Manipulation by powers
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Doctrinaire thinking
Doctrinaire thinking
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Optimism
Optimism
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Witticism
Witticism
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Emotional response
Emotional response
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Ubiquity of political ideologies
Ubiquity of political ideologies
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Affrontedness
Affrontedness
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Disdain
Disdain
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Everyday life
Everyday life
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Crushing of views and convictions
Crushing of views and convictions
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Actual held views and convictions
Actual held views and convictions
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Weapon against non-believers
Weapon against non-believers
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Perplexed man
Perplexed man
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Lecture
Lecture
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Audience
Audience
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Man at the back of the audience
Man at the back of the audience
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Study Notes
Chapter 1: Should Ideologies Be Ill-Reputed?
- Ideology evokes strong emotional responses
- People often associate ideology with '-isms' like communism, fascism, or anarchism
- 'Isms' are not always ideologies
- Ideologies are sets of ideas that are manipulated.
- Not all isms are ideologies, and not all ideologies are forced on a society
- Ideologies shape our understanding of the political and social world
- Ideologies are necessary for sense-making and action
- Ideologies can be misleading or superficial interpretations of reality
- Ideologies are not necessarily malicious, but can perpetuate injustices.
Chapter 2: Overcoming Illusions: How Ideologies Came to Stay
- The concept of ideology emerged over time, through the work of various thinkers
- Karl Mannheim saw ideology as a reflection of historical and social contexts.
- Antonio Gramsci saw ideology as hegemony, a power exerted through culture, rather than solely through state force.
- Louis Althusser viewed ideology as a 'new reality' embedded in social institutions.
- Ideology is a tool for understanding and analyzing social and political phenomena.
- Ideologies influence our view of the world and our interactions.
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