p-persistent CSMA Protocols

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Questions and Answers

What does CSMA/CA stand for in wireless communication?

  • Collision Sensing Mobile Access with CD
  • Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (correct)
  • Contention Slot Multiple Access with Conflict Avoidance
  • Controlled Spectrum Mobile Allocation with Collision Analysis

What is the purpose of the Distributed inter frame Space (DIFS) in CSMA/CA?

  • To freeze the backoff counter during transmission
  • To wait for the end of the current transmission (correct)
  • To pick a random number of slots to transmit a frame
  • To announce the beginning of the contention window

What happens if other Mobile Stations (MSs) transmit during the backoff time in CSMA/CA?

  • The transmitting MS defers its transmission
  • The receiving MS freezes its backoff counter (correct)
  • The receiving MS immediately starts its transmission
  • The transmitting MS increases its backoff counter

When can a Mobile Station (MS) start its transmission in CSMA/CA?

<p>After DIFS period ends (D)</p>
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What does CSMA/CA allow terminals to do in case of channel contention?

<p>Wait for a random time and then transmit (D)</p>
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In CSMA/CA, why does a Mobile Station defer to another if it senses the medium is busy?

<p>To avoid interference and collisions (C)</p>
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What is the main characteristic of p-persistent CSMA protocol?

<p>It transmits with a probability p when the medium is idle (A)</p>
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Which special case represents 1-persistent CSMA?

<p>p=1 (A)</p>
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What is the tradeoff provided by p-persistent CSMA protocol?

<p>Between persistent and nonpersistent CSMA (B)</p>
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At which probability value does the persistent CSMA have to wait for T units before transmitting?

<p>$p=0$ (C)</p>
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In terms of throughput, which type of CSMA has the highest efficiency?

<p>$p=1$ persistent CSMA (C)</p>
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What happens if the medium is busy in p-persistent CSMA protocol?

<p>Continue to listen until medium becomes idle (C)</p>
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What is the main issue when more than one Mobile Station (MS) transmits at the same time on the control channel to BS?

<p>Collision (B)</p>
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Which protocol resolves a collision after it occurs in a multiple access system?

<p>CSMA/CD (B)</p>
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What type of protocols aim to solve multiple access issues in wireless communication systems?

<p>Contention-based Protocols (B)</p>
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In a wireless system, what happens if more than one Mobile Station (MS) attempts to transmit data simultaneously?

<p>Collision (A)</p>
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Which protocol is designed for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) in wireless networks?

<p>Bounded ALOHA (D)</p>
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What is the primary issue when several Mobile Stations (MSs) share the same communication channel?

<p>Collisions (B)</p>
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Study Notes

CSMA/CA in Wireless Communication

  • CSMA/CA stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance.

Distributed Inter Frame Space (DIFS) in CSMA/CA

  • The purpose of DIFS is to provide a minimum waiting time for a station to sense the channel before transmitting.

Backoff Time in CSMA/CA

  • If other Mobile Stations (MSs) transmit during the backoff time, the transmission will be delayed.

Transmission in CSMA/CA

  • A Mobile Station (MS) can start its transmission when the channel is sensed idle for a DIFS period.

Channel Contention in CSMA/CA

  • CSMA/CA allows terminals to defer transmission to avoid collisions in case of channel contention.

Channel Busy in CSMA/CA

  • A Mobile Station defer to another if it senses the medium is busy to avoid collision.

p-Persistent CSMA Protocol

  • The main characteristic of p-persistent CSMA protocol is that a station waits for a random time before transmitting.
  • A special case of p-persistent CSMA represents 1-persistent CSMA.
  • The tradeoff provided by p-persistent CSMA protocol is between throughput and delay.

Transmission in p-Persistent CSMA

  • At a probability value of p, the persistent CSMA has to wait for T units before transmitting.
  • If the medium is busy in p-persistent CSMA protocol, the transmission is delayed.

Throughput Efficiency in CSMA

  • 1-Persistent CSMA has the highest efficiency in terms of throughput.

Multiple Access Issues

  • The main issue when more than one Mobile Station (MS) transmits at the same time on the control channel to BS is collision.
  • The primary issue when several Mobile Stations (MSs) share the same communication channel is multiple access.

Collision Resolution

  • CSMA/CA is a protocol that resolves a collision after it occurs in a multiple access system.

Multiple Access Protocols

  • Protocols that aim to solve multiple access issues in wireless communication systems are CSMA, TDMA, FDMA, and CDMA.
  • MAC (Medium Access Control) protocols are designed to resolve multiple access issues in wireless communication systems.
  • IEEE 802.11 is a protocol designed for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) in wireless networks.

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