Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a duty of the President?
Which of the following is NOT a duty of the President?
- To formulate and issue administrative rules (correct)
- To appoint officials above the ministerial level
- To grant state medals and titles of honour
- To declare states of emergency
What is the term limit for members of the State Council?
What is the term limit for members of the State Council?
- 5 years, serve no more than two consecutive terms (correct)
- 5 years, unlimited terms
- 4 years, no consecutive terms
- 6 years, unlimited terms
Which power is exercised by the State Council?
Which power is exercised by the State Council?
- To appoint judges
- To grant citizenship
- To approve state budgets
- To supervise local administrative organs (correct)
Who is responsible for receiving diplomatic representatives?
Who is responsible for receiving diplomatic representatives?
What are the people’s courts composed of?
What are the people’s courts composed of?
Which of the following is a function of the State Council?
Which of the following is a function of the State Council?
What is one responsibility of the President concerning foreign affairs?
What is one responsibility of the President concerning foreign affairs?
What is one of the main functions of the National People's Congress?
What is one of the main functions of the National People's Congress?
Which of the following is NOT a channel for people's supervision of the government?
Which of the following is NOT a channel for people's supervision of the government?
What is the primary function of the CPPCC in relation to the government?
What is the primary function of the CPPCC in relation to the government?
Which function does the State Council fulfill?
Which function does the State Council fulfill?
In the petition system, what is the primary purpose of the State Bureau for Letters and Visits?
In the petition system, what is the primary purpose of the State Bureau for Letters and Visits?
Which of the following rights is guaranteed to citizens in the context of the internet's role in government supervision?
Which of the following rights is guaranteed to citizens in the context of the internet's role in government supervision?
What role do opinion surveys and hearings play in the system of people’s supervision?
What role do opinion surveys and hearings play in the system of people’s supervision?
What is one of the duties of the President of the PRC?
What is one of the duties of the President of the PRC?
What is the highest organ of state power in China?
What is the highest organ of state power in China?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the system of elections in China?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the system of elections in China?
What role does the State Council play in the governance of China?
What role does the State Council play in the governance of China?
Which statement correctly describes the judicial system in China?
Which statement correctly describes the judicial system in China?
What is a principle underlying the leadership role of the Communist Party of China?
What is a principle underlying the leadership role of the Communist Party of China?
What responsibility does the National People's Congress NOT hold?
What responsibility does the National People's Congress NOT hold?
Which function is not associated with the role of the President of China?
Which function is not associated with the role of the President of China?
Under the principle of democratic centralism, which group is subordinate to the whole?
Under the principle of democratic centralism, which group is subordinate to the whole?
Flashcards
President of PRC
President of PRC
The head of state, elected by the National People's Congress (NPC).
State Council
State Council
The executive body of the PRC, responsible for day-to-day government operations.
Premier
Premier
Leader of the State Council, similar to a Prime Minister, responsible for many duties.
National People's Congress (NPC)
National People's Congress (NPC)
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President's Responsibilities (Internal Affairs)
President's Responsibilities (Internal Affairs)
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President's Responsibilities (Foreign Affairs)
President's Responsibilities (Foreign Affairs)
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State Council Powers
State Council Powers
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Judicial Organs (People's Courts)
Judicial Organs (People's Courts)
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People's Congresses Role
People's Congresses Role
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CPPCC's Influence
CPPCC's Influence
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Social Organizations' Role
Social Organizations' Role
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News Media's Power
News Media's Power
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Opinion Surveys and Hearings
Opinion Surveys and Hearings
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Internet's Role in Supervision
Internet's Role in Supervision
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Petition System & Letters/Visits
Petition System & Letters/Visits
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State Bureau for Letters and Visits
State Bureau for Letters and Visits
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Democratic Centralism
Democratic Centralism
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Communist Party of China: Leadership Role
Communist Party of China: Leadership Role
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CPC: Founding and Membership
CPC: Founding and Membership
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Four 'Subordinates' of Democratic Centralism
Four 'Subordinates' of Democratic Centralism
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Who is the 'Highest Organ' of State Power?
Who is the 'Highest Organ' of State Power?
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Who is responsible for 'National Affairs'?
Who is responsible for 'National Affairs'?
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Who 'Receives Diplomats'?
Who 'Receives Diplomats'?
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What is the 'State Organ for Legal Supervision'?
What is the 'State Organ for Legal Supervision'?
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Study Notes
Chinese Political System Overview
- The Chinese political system is characterized by a single-party state under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
- Key organs of the state include the National People's Congress (NPC), the President, the State Council, the People's courts, the People's procuratorate, and the CPPCC.
- The CCP plays a central role in policy-making, administration, and the functioning of other state bodies.
National People's Congress (NPC)
- Highest organ of state power, first convened in 1954
- Holds a national session annually
- Consists of 2980 deputies with 5-year terms
- Composition includes members from different provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, and the military. Their number depends on the population ratio of each region.
President
- Nominal head of state
- Elected by the NPC
- Citizens of the PRC, 45 years or older, and possessing voting rights, are eligible for election.
- No term limit applies
- Main duties: promulgate laws, appoint/dismiss officials (above ministerial level), state honours, special pardons, emergency declarations, war declarations. Also responsible for foreign affairs.
State Council
- Executive body of the highest organ of state power
- Composed of the Premier, Vice-Premiers, State Councillors, relevant Ministers, the Auditor-General, and the Secretary-General.
- 5-year term limit, serving no more than two consecutive terms.
- Formulates and issues administrative rules/regulations
- Proposes/submits proposals to the NPC or Standing Committees
- Directs affairs: defence, culture, education, economy, and administers foreign affairs.
- Supervises ministries, relevant commissions, and local administrative bodies across different levels.
Judicial Organs
- People's courts: composed of president, vice-president, chief judge, and associate judges.
- President's term matches the people's congress duration. Supreme People's Court: highest judicial organ in China, located in Beijing.
- Examines & approves death penalty cases
- Brings to trial wrongly judged cases
- Provides judicial interpretation to ensure unified law application
- Local People's Courts accept first-instance cases and appeals from lower levels. They handle civil and minor criminal cases that don't require full court sessions.
- The People's Procuatorates: state organs for legal supervision, are present across different local levels (including special procuratorates like the Military Procuratorate
- Chief procurator's term is the same as the people's congress that created the procuratorate and has a term limit.
- Prosecuutes actions violating state laws.
Communist Party of China (CPC)
- Ruling party in China
- Founded in 1921
- Largest political party worldwide
- Implements decisions through a hierarchical structure: Central Committee, Politburo, and Standing Committee
- Decides major policy issues
- The Party General Secretary is the General Secretary of the CCP, or the head of state/party-administration.
- The Chinese government is run under the CCP Party's leadership. Many government bodies are run by individuals from the CPC.
Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)
- Consultative body established by the CPC
- Composed of individuals from various sectors and organisations
- Focuses on political consultation and democratic supervision, offering input on state affairs.
- Holds meetings annually before the NPC session
- Does not have voting rights
Channels for People's Supervision of the Government
- People's congresses
- CPPCC
- Social organizations
- News media
- Internet
- Petition system
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