Oxygenation and Perfusion Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which oxygen is transported to the tissues?

  • Hemoglobin molecules combine with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin (correct)
  • Oxygen is carried by the plasma in the bloodstream
  • Oxygen is transported through the lymphatic system
  • Oxygen diffuses through the bloodstream
  • During ventilation, what happens to the intrapleural pressure?

  • It becomes more negative (correct)
  • It fluctuates between positive and negative
  • It becomes more positive
  • It remains the same
  • What is the primary site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange?

  • Alveoli (correct)
  • Diaphragm
  • Bronchi
  • Trachea
  • What is the direction of oxygen diffusion during internal respiration?

    <p>From the blood to the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the central nervous system in respiration?

    <p>To regulate the respiratory cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary stimulus that drives the breathing process?

    <p>Carbon dioxide levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the percentage of oxygen that is bound to hemoglobin?

    <p>SaO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of decreased hemoglobin production, increased red blood cell destruction, and/or blood loss?

    <p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the amount of oxygen dissolved in plasma?

    <p>Partial pressure of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of inhalation of toxic substances on oxygen transport?

    <p>Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of oxygen therapy?

    <p>To prevent or relieve hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the delivery of supplemental oxygen impact FiO2?

    <p>It raises FiO2 above 21%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of adding an additional liter of oxygen to a nasal cannula or simple face mask?

    <p>It increases FiO2 by 3-4%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of oxygen therapy for patients with chronic cardiopulmonary diseases?

    <p>It offers many benefits to patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere?

    <p>21%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should patients with COPD not receive high levels of oxygen therapy?

    <p>It can remove a COPD patient's hypoxic respiratory drive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of placing an 'Oxygen in Use' sign on the patient's door?

    <p>To promote oxygen safety and alert others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of home oxygen therapy for patients with COPD?

    <p>It improves exercise tolerance and reduces fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of increasing supplemental oxygen for COPD patients?

    <p>Hypoventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concern with using oxygen at home that requires a sign on the door of the house?

    <p>Fire hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of decreased chest wall movement?

    <p>Decreased oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of upper or lower airway obstruction on oxygenation?

    <p>Decreases FiO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the body adapt to low oxygen levels?

    <p>By increasing the rate and depth of respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of chronic lung disease on oxygenation?

    <p>Decreased oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the chest wall in emphysema?

    <p>Increased anteroposterior diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of severe and prolonged hypoxia?

    <p>Cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of diaphragmatic flattening on oxygenation?

    <p>Decreased oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of air trapping in the lungs?

    <p>Decreased oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk factor for hypoxemia?

    <p>Pulmonary diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of hypoxemia on the patient?

    <p>Increased work of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of tissue metabolism becoming anaerobic due to lack of oxygen delivery?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs within 4 to 6 minutes when oxygen is not delivered to tissues?

    <p>Permanent heart, brain, and other tissue damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of ventilation in terms of arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2)?

    <p>To produce PaCO2 between 35 and 45 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hypoxemia refer to?

    <p>Decrease in the amount of arterial oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when alveolar ventilation decreases?

    <p>Hypoventilation occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

    <p>Gas exchange, including obtaining oxygen and removing carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of moving oxygenated blood to the tissues and returning deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

    <p>Perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of moving gases into and out of the lungs?

    <p>Ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process responsible for moving respiratory gases from one area to another by concentration gradients?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of delivering oxygen to the body's tissues and cells?

    <p>Oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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