Oxidative Phosphorylation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of cytochrome c oxidase in the electron transport chain?

  • It synthesizes ATP directly through substrate-level phosphorylation.
  • It reduces ubiquinone to ubiquinol.
  • It oxidizes NADH to generate ATP.
  • It transfers electrons to oxygen while pumping protons. (correct)

Which statement correctly describes the role of ATP synthase in cellular respiration?

  • It acts as a proton pump to maintain membrane potential.
  • It uses a proton gradient to synthesize ATP. (correct)
  • It oxidizes FADH2 to produce NADH.
  • It directly reduces oxygen to form water.

How many ATP can be generated from one molecule of NADH during aerobic respiration?

  • 3 ATP (correct)
  • 1 ATP
  • 4 ATP
  • 2 ATP

What is one of the two main functions of the electron transport chain?

<p>Regenerating electron carriers and making a proton gradient. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the electron transport chain, which complex is known as cytochrome bc1?

<p>Complex III (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does NADH play in oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>It donates electrons to complex I. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chemiosmosis in oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>To move hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial membrane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about complex II in the electron transport chain?

<p>It is involved in the citric acid cycle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens as electrons pass through complex I of the electron transport chain?

<p>Electrons reduce ubiquinone to ubiquinol. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is crucial for the binding of NADH to complex I?

<p>Flavin mononucleotide (FMN). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The reduction of ubiquinone to ubiquinol involves the uptake of how many protons?

<p>Two protons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the redox reactions in the electron transport chain?

<p>Electrons are passed along a series of proteins and molecules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does complex II not contribute to the proton gradient in oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>It oxidizes succinate and releases less energy than NADH. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cytochrome c oxidoreductase (Complex III)

A protein complex in the electron transport chain that oxidizes ubiquinol and reduces cytochrome c, pumping protons across the membrane.

Cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)

The final electron transport chain protein complex that transfers electrons to oxygen, reducing it to water, and pumping protons.

ATP synthase (Complex V)

An enzyme that uses the proton gradient generated by the electron transport chain to produce ATP from ADP and phosphate.

Electron Transport Chain Function

Regenerates electron carriers and creates a proton gradient across the membrane, providing energy for ATP synthesis.

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ATP Yield

The amount of ATP produced from different stages of cellular respiration (Glycolysis, Pyruvate oxidation/link reaction and Kreb's cycle).

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Oxidative Phosphorylation

A series of protein and molecules in the mitochondria's inner membrane that moves electrons to produce ATP.

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Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

A series of proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfers electrons and moves protons to create a gradient.

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Chemiosmosis

The movement of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane from high to low concentration, driving ATP synthesis.

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NADH

A coenzyme that carries electrons to the ETC, contributing to ATP production.

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FADH2

Another coenzyme that donates electrons to the ETC, though less energy efficient than NADH.

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Complex I (NADH Dehydrogenase)

The first protein complex in the ETC, which pumps protons across the membrane after receiving electrons from NADH.

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Complex II (Succinate Dehydrogenase)

A protein complex in the ETC that receives electrons from FADH2 and does not actively pump protons.

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Protons (H+)

Positively charged ions whose movement across the membrane drives ATP synthesis.

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Study Notes

Oxidative Phosphorylation

  • Oxidative phosphorylation, also known as the electron transport chain, is a series of proteins and organic molecules in the inner mitochondrial membrane
  • Electrons are passed from one member of the transport chain to another in redox reactions
  • The electron transport chain regenerates electron carriers and makes a proton gradient.

Objectives

  • Describe the movement of electrons through the electron transport chain
  • State the products of oxidative phosphorylation
  • Outline the role of NADH and FADH2 and electron carriers in the electron transport chain
  • Describe the chemiosmotic theory of ATP production

Components of Oxidative Phosphorylation

  • Complex I (NADH Dehydrogenase): NADH binds to complex I, donating electrons to flavin mononucleotide (FMN). The electrons are transferred through iron-sulfur clusters, and four protons are pumped from the matrix into the intermembrane space
  • Complex II (Succinate Dehydrogenase): The only enzyme part of both the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. It oxidizes succinate to fumarate, reducing ubiquinone (Q). This reaction releases less energy than NADH oxidation, so no protons are pumped across the membrane.
  • Complex III (Cytochrome c Reductase): Oxidizes ubiquinol (QH2) and reduces cytochrome c. One proton is transferred per cytochrome c reduced.
  • Complex IV (Cytochrome c Oxidase): The final protein complex in the electron transport chain. This enzyme transfers electrons to oxygen, reducing it to water (H₂O). Protons are pumped across the membrane.
  • ATP Synthase (Complex V): Uses the energy stored in the proton gradient across the membrane to produce ATP from ADP and phosphate (Pi).

Chemiosmosis

  • Chemiosmosis is when H+ ions move across a semipermeable membrane (from a higher to lower concentration). The flow is down the H+ gradient created by the electron transport chain.

ATP Synthesis

  • Glycolysis produces 2 ATP
  • Pyruvate oxidation/Link Reaction produces 0 ATP
  • Krebs cycle produces 2 ATP
  • The total ATP yield of aerobic respiration is 36-38 ATP.

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Related Documents

Q2W6-Oxidative Phosphorylation PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain. This quiz covers the movement of electrons, roles of NADH and FADH2, and ATP production through chemiosmosis. Perfect for students studying cellular respiration!

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