Overview of the Lymphatic System

The lymphatic system's primary function is to drain excess fluid from tissues and return it to the bloodstream, as well as play a role in the immune system.

Lymph is the excess tissue fluid that enters the lymph capillaries.

True (A)

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph carries leaked plasma proteins, fat droplets, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and particles like cell debris and bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They begin in the intercellular spaces. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are more permeable because they are open from one side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of valves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The angle between the subclavian and internal jugular veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right lymphatic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic duct in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drains the entire body EXCEPT the right side of the head, neck, and upper limb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cisterna chyli. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jugular trunk, subclavian trunk, broncho-mediastinal trunk, intercostal trunk, intestinal trunk, lumbar trunk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The head and neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The upper limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thoracic wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The intestines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lower limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filtration pressure, valves, contraction of smooth muscles in the wall of vessels, contraction of surrounding muscles, pulsation of surrounding arteries, negative intrathoracic pressure caused by respiratory movements, and negative pressure in brachiocephalic veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The functions of lymph nodes are filtration of lymph, activation of lymphocytes, and immunological responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary lymphoid organs and secondary lymphoid organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone marrow (C), Thymus gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph nodes (A), Spleen (C), Tonsils (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Approximately 450</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Around arteries (C), Around veins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thymus gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lacteals are lymph capillaries found in the intestinal villi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A system in the body that works alongside the venous system responsible for fluid drainage, fat absorption, immunity, and circulatory balance.

Fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic vessels, it's essentially excess tissue fluid.

Lymphatic capillaries are tiny vessels that start blindly in the spaces between cells, they have a wider lumen, are more permeable and have valves.

Specialized lymphatic capillaries present in the intestinal villi, responsible for transporting milky chyle containing absorbed fats.

Lymph vessels are formed by the joining of lymphatic capillaries, they are thin-walled, resembling small veins and have valves.

Lymph vessels converge into larger trunks that drain specific areas of the body such as the head, neck, upper limbs, thorax, abdomen, and lower limbs.

The two major collecting ducts of the lymphatic system that drain lymph into the venous system.

This duct drains almost the entire body except for the right half of the head and neck, right upper limb, and right half of the thoracic cavity. It's about 45 cm long and drains lymph into the left subclavian and left internal jugular veins.

This duct drains the right half of the head and neck, right upper limb, and right half of the thoracic cavity. It empties into the angle between the right subclavian and right internal jugular veins.

This pressure is generated by the heart and forces fluid out of blood vessels.

These structures within lymph vessels prevent backflow of lymph, ensuring unidirectional movement.

Contractions of muscles in the wall of lymph vessels help to propel lymph forward.

Contractions of skeletal muscles surrounding lymph vessels help move the lymphatic fluid.

The pulsating nature of nearby arteries can help move the lymph fluid.

This pressure created by breathing helps to draw lymphatic fluid into the venous system.

The negative pressure in the brachiocephalic veins helps draw lymphatic fluid into the venous system.

A type of connective tissue that makes up the framework of lymphatic organs, filled with lymphocytes and plasma cells.

A group of lymphatic tissues scattered along the digestive tract, including Peyer's patches, tonsils, and the appendix.

A small, localized cluster of lymphatic tissue typically found in lymph nodes, spleen, and other tissues.

Encapsulated lymphatic tissues. They are classified as primary or secondary based on their function.

This type of lymphoid organ produces lymphocytes, including the bone marrow and thymus gland.

This type of lymphoid organ activates lymphocytes and initiates an immune response, including the lymph nodes and spleen.

Small, bean-shaped structures that filter lymph, play a crucial role in immune responses, and are found throughout the body.

Lymph nodes are strategically grouped together, forming clusters in the body.

Lymph nodes are the only lymphoid organs that possess both afferent and efferent lymph vessels, meaning lymph flows into and out of them.

Lymph nodes filter the lymphatic fluid, removing foreign particles and activating immune cells.

Lymph nodes are crucial in activating lymphocytes and initiating immune responses against pathogens.

The lymphatic system isn't a closed loop like the circulatory system, meaning lymph only gets cleaned within lymph nodes.

The spleen is a large lymphoid organ involved in filtering blood, removing old red blood cells, storing platelets, and playing a role in immune responses.

The thymus gland is a primary lymphoid organ responsible for the maturation and development of T lymphocytes, crucial for immune responses.

The bone marrow is the site of hematopoiesis, where all blood cells, including lymphocytes, are produced.