Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the lymphatic system's primary function?
What is the lymphatic system's primary function?
The lymphatic system's primary function is to drain excess fluid from tissues and return it to the bloodstream, as well as play a role in the immune system.
What is lymph?
What is lymph?
Lymph is the excess tissue fluid that enters the lymph capillaries.
Lymph is usually clear fluid similar to plasma.
Lymph is usually clear fluid similar to plasma.
True
Lymph from the intestine is clear fluid.
Lymph from the intestine is clear fluid.
Signup and view all the answers
What does lymph carry?
What does lymph carry?
Signup and view all the answers
Lymph capillaries are similar to blood capillaries. But they differ in what important way?
Lymph capillaries are similar to blood capillaries. But they differ in what important way?
Signup and view all the answers
Why are lymph capillaries more permeable than blood capillaries?
Why are lymph capillaries more permeable than blood capillaries?
Signup and view all the answers
What do lymph capillaries contain?
What do lymph capillaries contain?
Signup and view all the answers
The flow in lymph vessels is linear, uninterrupted flow.
The flow in lymph vessels is linear, uninterrupted flow.
Signup and view all the answers
What do lymph vessels resemble?
What do lymph vessels resemble?
Signup and view all the answers
Lymph vessels have numerous valves that only allow unidirectional flow.
Lymph vessels have numerous valves that only allow unidirectional flow.
Signup and view all the answers
What feature gives lymph vessels a beaded appearance?
What feature gives lymph vessels a beaded appearance?
Signup and view all the answers
Small lymph vessels converge to form 6 lymph trunks.
Small lymph vessels converge to form 6 lymph trunks.
Signup and view all the answers
Lymph trunks end in 2 collecting ducts.
Lymph trunks end in 2 collecting ducts.
Signup and view all the answers
Where do collecting ducts open into?
Where do collecting ducts open into?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the lymphatic duct that drains the upper right quadrant of the body?
What is the name of the lymphatic duct that drains the upper right quadrant of the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the largest lymphatic duct?
What is the largest lymphatic duct?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the thoracic duct drain?
What does the thoracic duct drain?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does the thoracic duct begin?
Where does the thoracic duct begin?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the 6 major lymph trunks?
What are the 6 major lymph trunks?
Signup and view all the answers
The jugular trunk drains what area of the body?
The jugular trunk drains what area of the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the subclavian trunk drain?
What does the subclavian trunk drain?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the broncho-mediastinal trunk drain?
What does the broncho-mediastinal trunk drain?
Signup and view all the answers
The intercostal trunk drains what part of the body?
The intercostal trunk drains what part of the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the intestinal trunk drain?
What does the intestinal trunk drain?
Signup and view all the answers
What area of the body does the lumbar trunk drain?
What area of the body does the lumbar trunk drain?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the 6 factors responsible for lymph flow?
What are the 6 factors responsible for lymph flow?
Signup and view all the answers
Lymph is only filtered in lymph nodes.
Lymph is only filtered in lymph nodes.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the functions of lymph nodes?
What are the functions of lymph nodes?
Signup and view all the answers
Lymphatic tissue is only found in lymph nodes.
Lymphatic tissue is only found in lymph nodes.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the two main classifications of lymphatic tissues?
What are the two main classifications of lymphatic tissues?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following are classified as primary lymphoid organs?
Which of the following are classified as primary lymphoid organs?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following are classified as secondary lymphoid organs?
Which of the following are classified as secondary lymphoid organs?
Signup and view all the answers
Lymph nodes are usually bean-shaped.
Lymph nodes are usually bean-shaped.
Signup and view all the answers
How many lymph nodes are found in the human body?
How many lymph nodes are found in the human body?
Signup and view all the answers
Every lymph vessel must pass through at least one lymph node.
Every lymph vessel must pass through at least one lymph node.
Signup and view all the answers
Where are lymph nodes typically found?
Where are lymph nodes typically found?
Signup and view all the answers
Lymph nodes are vital to the immune system because they remove cellular debris and initiate immune responses.
Lymph nodes are vital to the immune system because they remove cellular debris and initiate immune responses.
Signup and view all the answers
The lymphatic system is a closed system.
The lymphatic system is a closed system.
Signup and view all the answers
Peyer's patches are an example of MALT.
Peyer's patches are an example of MALT.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT an example of MALT?
Which of the following is NOT an example of MALT?
Signup and view all the answers
Lymphatic nodules are circumscribed lymphatic tissue.
Lymphatic nodules are circumscribed lymphatic tissue.
Signup and view all the answers
Lymphatic nodules are generally found in the linings of the digestive and respiratory tracts.
Lymphatic nodules are generally found in the linings of the digestive and respiratory tracts.
Signup and view all the answers
What are lacteals?
What are lacteals?
Signup and view all the answers
Lacteals are responsible for carrying the milky chyle.
Lacteals are responsible for carrying the milky chyle.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Lymphatic System Overview
- The lymphatic system is a network of vessels, tissues, and organs that help maintain fluid balance and fight infection.
- Each organ receives blood supply, innervation, and drainage via lymphatic system.
- Lymph is the excess tissue fluid that enters the lymph capillaries.
Lymph
- About 30 liters of fluid are filtered every 24 hours into interstitial space, 26-28 liters are reabsorbed at the venous end.
- The remaining 2-4 liters (10-15%) are drained by lymphatic capillaries.
- Lymph is a clear fluid similar to plasma.
- Lymph from the intestine is milky white (chyle) due to absorbed fat droplets.
- Lymph carries leaked plasma proteins, fat droplets, lymphocytes and plasma cells, debris and bacteria.
Lymph Capillaries
- Lymph capillaries are similar to blood capillaries but differ in their structure.
- Blind-ended, begin in the intercellular spaces.
- Wider lumen than blood capillaries.
- More permeable than blood capillaries.
- They contain valves.
Lymph Vessels
- Lymph vessels are thin-walled, resembling small veins.
- They have numerous valves (closer intervals than that of veins) which allow one-directional flow.
- The flow is interrupted by lymph nodes.
- Lymph vessels can be superficial or deep.
Lymph Trunks
-
Small lymph vessels converge to form six lymph trunks.
-
The lymph trunks end in two collecting ducts.
-
The collecting ducts open into the angle between subclavian and internal jugular veins.
-
Six lymph trunks drain various parts of the body.
-
Jugular Trunk: Drains the head and neck
-
Subclavian Trunk: Drains the upper limbs
-
Bronchomediastinal Trunk: Drains the thoracic cavity
-
Intercostal Trunk: Drains the thoracic wall
-
Intestinal Trunk: Drains the intestines
-
Lumbar Trunk: Drains the lower limbs
Lymph Ducts
- Thoracic Duct:
- Starts at the cisterna chyli.
- 45cm long.
- Drains most of the body except upper right quadrant.
- Empties into the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins.
- Right Lymphatic Duct:
- Drains the right upper quadrant of the body
- Drains the right upper limb and head & neck;
- Empties into the junction of the right subclavian and internal jugular veins
Lymph Flow Factors
- Filtration (hydrostatic pressure) facilitates lymph flow.
- Valves ensure unidirectional flow.
- Smooth muscle contractions in vessel walls push lymph.
- Contractions of surrounding skeletal muscles propel lymph.
- Pulsations of nearby arteries assist in lymph movement and propel lymphatic flow.
- Negative intrathoracic pressure helps drain lymph into the venous system.
- Negative pressure in brachiocephalic veins contributes to lymph flow.
Lymphatic Tissues
- Lymphatic tissue framework is made up of reticular fibers, lymphocytes, and plasma cells.
- Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) is found in areas exposed to the external environment.
- Examples of MALT include Peyer's patches, tonsils (palatine, pharyngeal, lingual), etc..
- Lymphatic nodules are circumscribed lymphatic tissue found in mucosa.
Lymphoid Organs
- Lymphoid organs contain encapsulated lymphatic tissues.
- Primary Lymphoid Organs: Bone marrow and thymus gland produce lymphocytes.
- Secondary Lymphoid Organs: Lymph nodes and the spleen activate lymphocytes and initiate the immune response.
Lymph Nodes
- Oval or bean-shaped, 0.1-2.5 cm in length
- Approximately 450 lymph nodes in the body, distributed in various clusters (cervical, axillary, mediastinal, aortic, iliac and inguinal).
- Lymph vessels pass through lymph nodes which filter lymph.
- Essential for immune response, filtering lymph, and activating lymphocytes.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz offers a comprehensive overview of the lymphatic system, including its structure and function. Learn about lymph, lymph capillaries, and the importance of this system in maintaining fluid balance and fighting infections. Test your knowledge on key concepts related to the lymphatic system.