Overview of Space

Space is the vast, seemingly infinite expanse that exists beyond the Earth's atmosphere.
It is largely a vacuum, meaning it has very low density and pressure.

Gravity: The force that attracts objects with mass towards one another, crucial for the formation of celestial bodies.
Vacuum: In space, the absence of matter results in no air and sound cannot travel.
Temperature: Space can be extremely cold (around -270°C), but also has regions of high temperatures around stars.

Stars: Massive, luminous spheres of plasma; include classifications (e.g., red dwarfs, giants, and supergiants).
Planets: Celestial bodies orbiting stars; categorized as terrestrial (rocky) or gas giants.
Moons: Natural satellites that orbit planets.
Asteroids: Small rocky bodies primarily found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
Comets: Icy bodies that release gas or dust; characterized by their tails when close to the sun.

Big Bang Theory: The leading explanation of the origin of the universe, suggesting it began as an infinitely small point and expanded.
Galaxies: Massive systems that include stars, star clusters, dust, gas, and dark matter; the Milky Way is a spiral galaxy.
Exoplanets: Planets located outside our solar system; researchers seek Earth-like planets in habitable zones.

Space Missions: Conducted by various organizations (NASA, ESA, etc.) to explore celestial bodies (e.g., Mars Rovers, Voyager probes).
Telescopes: Instruments like Hubble Space Telescope allow us to observe distant stars and galaxies.
International Space Station (ISS): A habitable artificial satellite that enables research in microgravity.

Black Holes: Regions of space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape.
Dark Matter: Invisible matter that does not emit light or energy; inferred from gravitational effects on visible matter.
Dark Energy: A mysterious force causing the accelerated expansion of the universe.

Astronomy: The scientific study of celestial objects, space, and the universe as a whole.
Astrophysics: The branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of celestial objects and phenomena.
Cosmology: The study of the universe's origin, evolution, and ultimate fate.

Search for extraterrestrial life through astrobiology.
Investigating potential for human colonization of Mars and other celestial bodies.
Development of new propulsion technologies for deep space travel.

Primarily composed of stars, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, nebulae, and dark matter/energy.
95% of the universe consists of dark matter and dark energy, which are not directly observable.

Gravity governs the interactions between objects in space, essential for formation of celestial bodies.
Vacuum environment means lack of air and sound propagation.
Temperature varies greatly: extremely cold regions (-270°C) and regions with intense heat near stars.

Stars: Massive plasma spheres emitting light, categorized by size and temperature (e.g., red dwarfs, giants, supergiants).
Planets orbit stars, classified as terrestrial (rocky) or gas giants.
Moons are natural satellites orbiting planets.
Asteroids are small rocky bodies concentrated in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
Comets are icy bodies with tail formations when approaching the sun.

Big Bang Theory explains the universe's origin as an expansion from an infinitely small point.
Galaxies are vast collections of stars, star clusters, dust, gas, and dark matter. The Milky Way is our home galaxy.
Exoplanets are planets outside our solar system, and the search for Earth-like planets in habitable zones is ongoing.

Space missions conducted by organizations like NASA and ESA explore celestial bodies: Mars Rovers, Voyager probes are examples.
Telescopes such as the Hubble Space Telescope enable observation of distant objects.
International Space Station (ISS) is a habitable artificial satellite for research in microgravity.

Black holes are regions with intense gravity that nothing, including light, can escape.
Dark matter is invisible matter detected through gravitational effects on visible matter.
Dark energy is a mysterious force driving the accelerated expansion of the universe.

Astronomy is the scientific study of celestial objects, space, and the universe.
Astrophysics focuses on the physics of celestial objects and phenomena.
Cosmology explores the origin, evolution, and future of the universe.

Astrobiology seeks to find extraterrestrial life.
Potential human colonization of Mars and other bodies is being investigated.
New propulsion technologies are being developed for deep space travel.