CH 2: Cell structure and function

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of lysosomes in a cell?

  • Site of cellular respiration
  • Storage of genetic material
  • Breakdown of waste materials and cellular debris (correct)
  • Synthesis of proteins and lipids

Why do animal cells not have a cell wall?

  • To allow for a variety of cell shapes and complex structures (correct)
  • To increase the rate of cellular respiration
  • To prevent the formation of complex structures
  • To enhance the synthesis of lipids

Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport out of the cell?

  • Nucleus
  • Ribosomes
  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi apparatus (correct)

What is the role of centrioles in animal cells?

<p>Facilitate cell division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the large central vacuole in plant cells?

<p>Storage and maintaining cell rigidity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes occurs exclusively in plant cells?

<p>Photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

<p>Selective permeability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which small nonpolar molecules cross the cell membrane?

<p>Diffusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a transport mechanism across the cell membrane?

<p>Photosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic building block of life?

<p>Cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cell membrane?

<p>Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for converting solar energy into glucose?

<p>Chloroplasts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

<p>Control center housing DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

<p>Chloroplasts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides structural strength to a plant cell?

<p>Cell Wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is involved in cell division in animal cells?

<p>Centrioles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Channels through cell walls that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells for transport and communication' refers to what?

<p>Plasmodesmata (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle acts as storage in a plant cell?

<p>Vacuole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'A gel-like fluid matrix that supports and suspends organelles' describes which cell component?

<p>Cytoplasm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of organelles in cells?

<p>Perform distinct processes essential for cellular function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific feature in plant cells responsible for converting solar energy into chemical energy stored as glucose?

<p>Chloroplasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle provides structural strength, protection, and shape to plant cells?

<p>Cell Wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of plant cells serves as storage for water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates?

<p>Vacuole (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

<p>Transport and communication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in animal cells is involved in the separation of chromosomes during cell division?

<p>Centrioles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle acts as the control center of the cell and houses DNA in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Barrier regulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of organelles in cells?

<p>Performing specific processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris?

<p>Lysosome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and detoxification in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Smooth ER (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the large central vacuole in plant cells?

<p>Storage and maintaining cell rigidity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transport mechanism allows small nonpolar molecules to cross the cell membrane?

<p>Diffusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is involved in the process of cell division in animal cells?

<p>Centrioles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

<p>Selective permeability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport out of the cell?

<p>Golgi Apparatus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs exclusively in plant cells?

<p>Photosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle acts as storage and transport in animal cells?

<p>Small vacuoles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

<p>Cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in plant cells?

<p>Chloroplasts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component in the cell provides structural support and shape to the cell?

<p>Cell wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the cell is involved in the process of cell division in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Centrioles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown and recycling of cellular waste in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Lysosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is involved in the synthesis and modification of proteins in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the production of energy in the form of ATP in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the packaging and transport of proteins and lipids in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Golgi apparatus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol and steroid hormones in animal cells?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the detoxification of drugs and other harmful substances in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unique process occurs in plant cells and not in animal cells?

<p>Photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle serves as the site of cellular respiration in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Mitochondria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature allows animal cells to form diverse shapes and complex structures?

<p>Centrioles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis by allowing specific substances to enter or leave the cell?

<p>Active transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lysosomes in animal cells?

<p>Break down waste materials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Golgi apparatus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what cellular activity do centrioles play a crucial role in animal cells?

<p>Cell division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinctive feature of plant cells provides structural strength, protection, and shape?

<p>Central vacuole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the cell membrane in maintaining cellular functions?

<p>Regulation of molecules entering/exiting the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle acts as a control center for the cell's activities and stores genetic material in both plant and animal cells?

<p>Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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