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Questions and Answers
Which type of lymphoma is known to grow rapidly and behave aggressively, posing a life-threatening risk if left untreated?
What characteristic is typical of low-grade lymphomas?
Which of the following is NOT a WHO classified type of lymphoma?
In the management of a low-grade lymphoma that poses no immediate risk, what is a recommended approach?
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Which symptom may indicate lymphoma affecting organ function?
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Which of the following is NOT a common constitutional symptom of lymphoma?
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What is the purpose of a bone marrow aspirate and trephine in the context of lymphoma?
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Which prognostic factor is NOT typically considered in the management of diffuse large B cell lymphoma?
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What distinguishes curative from non-curative management strategies in lymphoma treatment?
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In the staging of lymphoma, what does the Ann Arbor Staging primarily assess?
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Study Notes
Overview of Lymphomas
- Lymphomas are cancers of the lymphatic system.
- Can present with a lump in the neck, armpit, or groin.
- Can affect the chest and abdomen, which may only be detected on scans.
- Can affect the function of an organ leading to related symptoms.
- Can cause bone marrow failure, leading to fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, fever, and night sweats.
- Can occur almost anywhere in the body, including the brain, eye, and skin.
Classification of Lymphomas
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WHO Lymphoma Types:
- Precursor B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
- Precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
- Aggressive NK-Cell leukemia
- Burkitt's lymphoma/leukemia
- Extranodal NK/T-cell nasal type
- Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
- Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
- Prolymphocytic leukemia
- Adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia
- Mantle cell lymphoma
- T cell prolymphocytic leukemia
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma
- Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
- Hepatosplenic gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma
- Marginal zone lymphoma
- Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma
- Hairy cell leukemia
- Peripheral T cell lymphoma, NOS
- Follicular lymphoma
- Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma
- Mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome
- T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia
- Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Lymphoma Management
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Intention of Management:
- Curative: Usually for aggressive malignancies, with intensive chemotherapy and other treatments.
- Non-Curative (Control): Usually for indolent malignancies, with less intensive treatments.
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Management Options:
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation Therapy
- Immunotherapy:
- Monoclonal antibodies
- Cellular therapy (allogeneic stem cell transplant)
- Immunostimulants
- CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) T-cell therapy
- Targeted therapy
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Treatment Considerations:
- Disease factors: low-grade vs high-grade lymphoma
- Patient factors: fitness
- Drug efficacy and toxicity
Prognostic Factors for Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
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Clinical:
- Age
- Performance status
- LDH levels
- Extranodal sites
- Stage
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Biologic:
- Cell of origin (germinal center or non-GC)
- Double-hit (c-myc, Bcl-2)
- Molecular subtype
Treatment of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
- R-CHOP Regimen: One of the standard treatment regimens for DLBCL.
- R-CHOP with Polatuzumab Vedotin (Pola): Shows superior outcomes compared to R-CHOP.
- Other Novel Therapies: CAR T-cell therapy, targeted therapies are emerging options in treating DLBCL.
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Description
This quiz provides an overview of lymphomas, types, and their effects on the lymphatic system. Learn about the symptoms, classifications, and impacts of various lymphoma types. Enhance your understanding of how these cancers present and affect patients.
