Overview of Human Evolution

Study Notes

Human evolution is a complex process tracing the development of humans from their earliest ancestors.
Key figures in this study include Charles Darwin, who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Fossils provide crucial evidence for understanding past human species.
Hominids include species like Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens (modern humans). Each exhibits unique characteristics contributing to the evolutionary path.

Homo habilis: An early human species characterized by its tool-making abilities.
Homo erectus: An ancestor species exhibiting larger brain size compared to Homo habilis. This species also showed evidence of migration and adaptation to various environments.
Homo sapiens: Represents modern humans, distinguished by advanced cognitive abilities and cultural development.
Emigrant: A person leaving their country of origin to live in another.
Immigrant: A person entering a new country to live permanently.
Fertility: The ability to produce offspring. A factor in population growth.
Mortality: The rate of death within a population. A key factor affecting population size.
Factor of high death rate: Factors contributing to high mortality rates, like diseases, resource scarcity, or conflict.
Population distribution: The way a population is spread across a geographical area. Influenced by both physical and human factors.
Factor of population distribution (physical and human factor): Physical factors include geography, climate, resources. Human factors include culture, economy, and politics.
Spatial distribution of population (population settlement rural urban, international and international movement): Different patterns of population distribution. This includes rural and urban settlements, as well as international and internal population movements.
Mode of transport: The methods used to travel, impacting population distribution and interactions.