Overview of Historiography
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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of the Historicist school of historiography?

  • The role of accidents in history
  • Objective study of primary sources (correct)
  • Economic and cultural factors in historical events
  • The influence of personal views of historians

    • Who pioneered the Historicist school of historiography?

  • Leopold von Ranke (correct)
  • Friedrich Nietzsche
  • Herbert Spencer
  • Karl Marx

    • What philosophical approach complements the Historicist school of historiography?

  • Constructivism
  • Existentialism
  • Positivism (correct)
  • Romanticism

    • What does the Accidentalist school of historiography emphasize?

    <p>The role of accidents in shaping events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which century did the Historicist methodology primarily develop?

    <p>19th century</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the belief about Free Will in the Historicist perspective?

    <p>It enables individuals to control their destinies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which school of historiography primarily focuses on the questions behind historical events?

    <p>Accidentalist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do historians face controversies according to historiographical analysis?

    <p>Due to personal bias and socio-political contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Intentionalist school of historiography emphasize?

    <p>The influence of individuals' intentions and personalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Hegelian view interpret historical change?

    <p>As an advancement towards freedom driven by ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Marxist school, what primarily influences historical changes?

    <p>Exploitation and conflict among social classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of history does the Structuralist school stress?

    <p>Political and military structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key element does the Annales school of historiography focus on?

    <p>Social history and long-term trends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What viewpoint distinguishes Post-Modernist historiography?

    <p>Recognition of bias and incompleteness in sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which historiographical school minimizes the influence of military and political history?

    <p>Annales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key concept does Marxist historiography rely on to explain historical events?

    <p>Statistical data and economic forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Pantayong Pananaw roughly translate to in English?

    <p>A For-Us Perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does language play according to Pantayong Pananaw?

    <p>It is a controlling element in discourse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is identified as a consequence of language becoming a barrier to thought?

    <p>Cultural stagnation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which belief by Nelson Mandela is supported by Pantayong Pananaw?

    <p>Speaking in one's language engages deeper understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Bagong Kasaysayan' refer to?

    <p>The methodology of indigenous conceptions of history.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'salaysay na may saysay' mean in the context of history?

    <p>A narrative with meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Pantayong Pananaw viewed in relation to 'pangkami'?

    <p>It evolves to focus on internal dialogue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the focus of Pantayong Pananaw?

    <p>It encourages a reflective understanding of Philippine history.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Overview of Historiography

    • Historiography involves various interpretations influenced by historians' personal views, socio-political contexts, and methodologies.
    • The availability of sources and the questions historians pose also shape historical narratives.

    Schools of Historiography

    • Historicists

      • Pioneered by von Ranke in the late 19th century.
      • Advocates for a scientific approach to primary sources for historical reconstruction.
      • Believes in the power of Free Will to shape history, allowing people to learn from the past.
      • Complemented by Positivism, emphasizing accurate source use for clear history depiction.

    • Accidentalist

      • Focuses on the role of accidents as driving forces behind historical events.
      • Explores the reasons for events rather than just the events themselves.

    • Intentionalist

      • Highlights the significance of intentions and personalities of key individuals.
      • Considers these factors as vital to understanding historical changes.

    • Hegelian

      • Views history as a progression towards freedom, driven by intellectual movements and ideas.
      • Emphasizes the importance of ideas in historical changes.

    • Marxist

      • Karl Marx introduced statistical analysis to argue that history is shaped by class exploitation and conflict.
      • Stresses economic forces as primary drivers of historical change.

    • Structuralist

      • Believes political and military structures significantly influence history.
      • Focuses on the context created by these existing structures in historical events.

    • Annales

      • Emphasizes social history and long-term trends, often using quantitative methods.
      • Prioritizes geography, ideologies, and worldviews of common people over traditional political history.

    • Post-Modernist

      • Emerged in the late 20th century, influenced by Foucault’s critique of source reliability.
      • Asserts that all historical interpretations are valid and acknowledges the inherent bias in sources.

    Pantayong Pananaw

    • A Filipino historiographical approach termed “A For-Us Perspective.”
    • Developed as a response to Western-influenced historical narratives.
    • Highlights the role of language as a communicative and cognitive tool in shaping historical discourse.
    • Recognizes language barriers as a “Great Cultural Divide,” hindering cultural and intellectual development.
    • Aligns with Nelson Mandela’s belief in the emotional connection facilitated by native languages.

    Bagong Kasaysayan

    • Uses methodologies grounded in indigenous conceptions of history, referring to history as "salaysay na may saysay."
    • Focuses on the significance and relevance of historical events for community understanding, enhancing the meaning of “saysay.”

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    Related Documents

    Historiography Overview PDF

    Description

    Explore the various schools of historiography, including Historicists, Accidentalists, and Intentionalists. Learn how personal views and socio-political contexts shape historical interpretations. Discover the role of sources and the questions posed by historians in crafting narratives.

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