Questions and Answers
Which school of thought was made popular by John Dewey?
Jean-Paul Sartre believed that essential freedom was not important for individuals.
False
Who established the school of phenomenology?
Edmund Husserl
John Dewey was an American philosopher, psychologist, and _____ reformer.
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Match the following philosophers with their major contributions:
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Study Notes
Overview of Contemporary Philosophy
- Shift in western philosophy during the 20th and 21st centuries characterized by increased professionalism and academic rigor.
- Prominent philosophical trends included logical positivism and analytic philosophy, primarily emerging in Great Britain and the United States.
Pragmatism
- John Dewey was a key figure in the development of pragmatism, focusing on the practical application of knowledge in everyday life.
- Dewey's work encompassed philosophy, psychology, and educational reform, establishing him as a leading scholar in the early 20th century.
Existentialism
- Jean-Paul Sartre emerged as a significant French philosopher and writer, known for his diverse contributions as a playwright, novelist, and political activist.
- Sartre advocated for the concept of individual freedom, asserting that individuals are entirely responsible for their consciousness and actions.
Phenomenology
- Edmund Husserl, a philosopher and mathematician, founded the philosophical movement known as phenomenology.
- Alongside Albrecht Huvert, Husserl emphasized the importance of freedom for all individuals, influencing the discourse in contemporary philosophy.
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Description
Explore the major shifts in western philosophy during the 20th and 21st centuries. This quiz covers key figures like John Dewey, Jean-Paul Sartre, and philosophical movements such as pragmatism, existentialism, and phenomenology.