Overview of Anatomy Quiz

Definition: The study of the structure of organisms and their parts.
Branches:
- Gross Anatomy: Study of structures visible to the naked eye.
- Microscopic Anatomy: Study of structures requiring a microscope (e.g., histology, cytology).
- Developmental Anatomy: Study of the structural changes from conception to adulthood (embryology).

Skeletal System
- Composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments.
- Functions: Support, movement, protection, blood cell production, mineral storage.
Muscular System
- Composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
- Functions: Movement, posture, heat production.
Nervous System
- Composed of the brain, spinal cord, nerves.
- Functions: Control and coordination, information processing, response to stimuli.
Circulatory System
- Composed of heart, blood vessels, blood.
- Functions: Transport of nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste.
Respiratory System
- Composed of nasal cavity, trachea, lungs.
- Functions: Gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide).
Digestive System
- Composed of mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines.
- Functions: Breakdown of food, nutrient absorption, waste elimination.
Endocrine System
- Composed of glands (e.g., pituitary, thyroid, adrenal).
- Functions: Hormone production, regulation of metabolism, growth, and development.
Urinary System
- Composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra.
- Functions: Filtration of blood, elimination of waste, regulation of electrolyte balance.
Reproductive System
- Male: testes, prostate, penis.
- Female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina.
- Functions: Production of gametes, hormone regulation, reproduction.

Directional Terms:
- Superior/Inferior: Above/Below
- Anterior/Posterior: Front/Back
- Medial/Lateral: Toward the midline/Away from the midline
- Proximal/Distal: Closer to/Further from the trunk
Planes of the Body:
- Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into left and right.
- Coronal (Frontal) Plane: Divides the body into anterior and posterior.
- Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior and inferior.

Dorsal Cavity: Contains the cranial cavity (brain) and vertebral cavity (spinal cord).
Ventral Cavity: Includes thoracic cavity (lungs, heart) and abdominopelvic cavity (digestive organs, reproductive organs).

Cell Types:
- Epithelial: Covers surface and lines cavities.
- Connective: Supports and binds other tissues (e.g., bone, blood).
- Muscle: Enables movement (skeletal, cardiac, smooth).
- Nervous: Transmits impulses (neurons).

Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment.
Anatomical Variation: Normal variations in human anatomy (e.g., blood vessel pathways).
Clinical Anatomy: Application of anatomical knowledge to medical practices and techniques.

Definition: The study of the structure of organisms and their parts.
Branches:
- Gross Anatomy: Examines structures visible to the naked eye.
- Microscopic Anatomy: Studies structures requiring a microscope.
- Developmental Anatomy: Tracks structural changes from conception to adulthood.

Skeletal System:
- Composed of bones, cartilage, and ligaments.
- Functions: Support, movement, protection, blood cell production, and mineral storage.
Muscular System:
- Includes skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
- Functions: Movement, maintaining posture, and heat production.
Nervous System:
- Composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
- Functions: Control and coordination, information processing, and responding to stimuli.
Circulatory System:
- Includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood..
- Functions: Transportation of nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste products.
Respiratory System:
- Composed of the nasal cavity, trachea, and lungs.
- Functions: Gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide).
Digestive System:
- Includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines.
- Functions: Breakdown of food, nutrient absorption, and waste elimination.
Endocrine System:
- Composed of glands (e.g., pituitary, thyroid, adrenal).
- Functions: Hormone production, regulating metabolism, growth, and development.
Urinary System:
- Includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
- Functions: Filtering blood, eliminating waste, and regulating electrolyte balance.
Reproductive System:
- Male: testes, prostate, penis.
- Female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina.
- Functions: Production of gametes, hormone regulation, and reproduction.

Directional Terms:
- Superior/Inferior: Above/Below
- Anterior/Posterior: Front/Back
- Medial/Lateral: Toward the midline/Away from the midline
- Proximal/Distal: Closer to/Further from the trunk
Planes of the Body:
- Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into left and right.
- Coronal (Frontal) Plane: Divides the body into anterior and posterior.
- Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior and inferior.

Dorsal Cavity:
- Contains the cranial cavity (brain) and the vertebral cavity (spinal cord).
Ventral Cavity:
- Includes the thoracic cavity (lungs, heart) and the abdominopelvic cavity (digestive organs, reproductive organs).

Cell Types:
- Epithelial: Covers surfaces and lines cavities.
- Connective: Provides support and binds other tissues (e.g., bone, blood).
- Muscle: Enables movement (skeletal, cardiac, smooth).
- Nervous: Transmits impulses (neurons).

Homeostasis: Maintaining a stable internal environment.
Anatomical Variation: Normal variations in human anatomy (e.g., blood vessel pathways).
Clinical Anatomy: Applying anatomical knowledge to medical practices and techniques..