Overview of Anatomy Basics

Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts.
It is divided into two main categories:
- Gross Anatomy: Study of structures visible to the naked eye.
- Microscopic Anatomy: Study of structures at the cellular or tissue level using a microscope.

Chemical Level: Atoms and molecules (e.g., DNA, proteins).
Cellular Level: Cells, the basic unit of life.
Tissue Level: Groups of similar cells performing a specific function.
- Types of tissues:
  - Epithelial
  - Connective
  - Muscle
  - Nervous
Organ Level: Structures composed of two or more tissue types (e.g., heart, lungs).
Organ System Level: Groups of organs that work together (e.g., digestive system).
Organism Level: The whole living being.

Skeletal System: Provides structure, support, and protection; composed of bones, cartilage.
Muscular System: Enables movement, maintains posture; consists of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles.
Nervous System: Controls and coordinates body activities through nerve impulses; includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Circulatory System: Transports blood, nutrients, gases, and wastes; includes the heart, blood vessels.
Respiratory System: Facilitates gas exchange; involves the lungs, trachea, and nasal cavity.
Digestive System: Breaks down food for nutrient absorption; includes the stomach, intestines, liver.
Endocrine System: Regulates bodily functions through hormones; includes glands like the thyroid and adrenal glands.
Immune System: Defends against pathogens; involves lymph nodes, spleen, and white blood cells.
Integumentary System: Protects the body; includes skin, hair, nails.
Urinary System: Eliminates waste, regulates fluid balance; includes kidneys, bladder.
Reproductive System: Produces gametes for reproduction; involves sexual organs.

Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into left and right parts.
Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

Cavity: A space within the body (e.g., thoracic, abdominal).
Organ: A structure composed of different tissues performing a specific function.
System: A group of organs working together for a common purpose.

Essential for understanding physiology, medicine, and various biological sciences.
Provides the foundation for medical practices, surgical techniques, and diagnostic procedures.

Anatomy studies the structure of organisms and their parts, divided into gross and microscopic anatomy.
Gross Anatomy examines structures visible without a microscope; Microscopic Anatomy studies structures at the cellular level.

Chemical Level includes atoms and molecules, like DNA and proteins.
Cellular Level features cells as the basic unit of life.
Tissue Level consists of groups of similar cells with specific functions, including:
- Epithelial Tissue
- Connective Tissue
- Muscle Tissue
- Nervous Tissue
Organ Level involves structures made of two or more tissue types, such as the heart and lungs.
Organ System Level showcases groups of organs functioning together, like the digestive system.
Organism Level refers to the entire living being.

Skeletal System: Provides structure, support, protection; includes bones and cartilage.
Muscular System: Enables movement and maintains posture; comprised of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles.
Nervous System: Controls body activities via nerve impulses; includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Circulatory System: Transports blood, nutrients, gases, and wastes; consists of the heart and blood vessels.
Respiratory System: Facilitates gas exchange; involves lungs, trachea, and nasal cavity.
Digestive System: Breaks down food for nutrient absorption; includes the stomach, intestines, and liver.
Endocrine System: Regulates functions through hormones; involves glands like the thyroid and adrenal glands.
Immune System: Defends against pathogens; includes lymph nodes, spleen, and white blood cells.
Integumentary System: Protects the body; consists of skin, hair, and nails.
Urinary System: Eliminates waste and regulates fluid balance; includes kidneys and bladder.
Reproductive System: Produces gametes for reproduction; involves sexual organs.

Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into left and right parts.
Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior and inferior parts.

Cavity: A space within the body, such as thoracic or abdominal cavities.
Organ: A structure made of different tissues that perform specific functions.
System: A group of organs working together for a common purpose.

Anatomy knowledge is essential for understanding physiology, medicine, and various biological sciences.
Provides a foundation for medical practices, surgical techniques, and diagnostic procedures.