Overview of 2G and 3G Technologies

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What situation triggers the issuance of an IMSI?

Change of the user's mobile device

A successful interaction with the network

Regular maintenance of the network

Loss of the TMSI (correct)

Which component is responsible for identifying the mobile during network interactions?

TMSI (correct)

IMSI

MSISDN

MSIN

What does the Mobile Country Code (MCC) indicate?

The specific area code for a mobile network

The mobile operator's internal identification

The type of mobile service offered

The country of the mobile subscriber (correct)

What is the primary purpose of the MSISDN?

To identify the user within the GSM network Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Mobile Network Code (MNC)?

To identify the mobile network within the PLMN Signup and view all the answers

What is a key issue addressed by the cellular network concept?

Managing limited bandwidth while covering large areas Signup and view all the answers

What does each cell in a cellular network consist of?

A single base station acting as a transmitter and receiver Signup and view all the answers

How is the territory organized in a cellular network?

Into small areas called cells to enhance resource use Signup and view all the answers

What challenge does the cellular network concept primarily address?

Accommodating potentially growing user density Signup and view all the answers

What limitation does the cellular network structure aim to overcome?

Limited radio resource availability in large coverage areas Signup and view all the answers

What does GPRS stand for?

General Packet Radio Service Signup and view all the answers

Which technology is often referred to as 3G+?

HSPA+ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not associated with 2.5G technology?

CDMA 2000 1x EV Signup and view all the answers

What does LTE stand for?

Long Term Evolution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of HSDPA?

High Speed Downlink Packet Access Signup and view all the answers

Which type of technology is UMTS classified as?

3G technology Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of EDGE in mobile communications?

Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following technologies allows for microwave access?

WIMAX Signup and view all the answers

What does 1 Erlang represent in terms of traffic measurement?

The traffic transported by a channel that is completely occupied. Signup and view all the answers

If a radio channel is occupied for 30 minutes during an hour, how much traffic does it transport?

0.5 Erlang Signup and view all the answers

What does the Erlang B formula primarily address?

The probability of call rejection in a blocking system. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to unsatisfied demand in a system described by Erlang B?

It is rejected outright. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating traffic intensity A?

A = μ · H / T erlang Signup and view all the answers

When using Erlang C, what is the fate of unsatisfied demand?

It is queued until resources are available. Signup and view all the answers

In traffic engineering, what does an oversizing network imply?

It increases the risk of resource blockage. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk associated with fully occupying all resources in a network?

Call rejection due to blockage. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of TMSI in mobile communication?

Used to identify mobile during a communication establishment Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about IMSI?

It is used for establishing roaming connections. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the signaling traffic generated by roaming?

It complicates the location management systems. Signup and view all the answers

How does the system maintain knowledge of a mobile's location?

It employs periodic signaling to determine the mobile's zone. Signup and view all the answers

What are 'location areas' used for in mobile systems?

To minimize excessive paging traffic across the network Signup and view all the answers

What does the NDC code determine in the context of mobile communication?

The Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario would necessitate the use of TMSI instead of IMSI?

To maintain subscriber privacy during communication Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of CC (Country Code) in telecommunication?

It determines routing for international calls. Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the HLR's relationship with TMSI?

HLR never recognizes TMSI information. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is correct about TMSI allocation?

It is repeatedly assigned whenever a mobile changes location. Signup and view all the answers

What is the crucial aspect of the 'paging' process in mobile systems?

It notifies the mobile of incoming communications. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it challenging for older systems to manage roaming?

They do not consistently track subscriber locations. Signup and view all the answers

What does the management of localization in roaming primarily aim to achieve?

To ensure continuous connection even without established communication. Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the functionality of MSC/VLR in roaming management?

They can address the HLR based on IMSI. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mobile Network Identification and Location

IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) is issued when a new mobile subscription is activated.
The IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) identifies the mobile device during network interactions.
The MCC (Mobile Country Code) indicates the country where the mobile subscription originates.
The MSISDN (Mobile Subscriber Identity - Integrated Digital Network) is the phone number used for calling and receiving calls.
The MNC (Mobile Network Code) identifies the specific mobile network operator within a country.

Evolution of Cellular Networks

The cellular network concept addresses the challenge of limited radio spectrum.
Each cell in a cellular network consists of a base station, a coverage area, and radio channels.
The territory is organized into cells to maximize the use of available radio spectrum.
The cellular network concept aims to overcome the limitation of fixed radio frequency allocation.

Wireless Communication Technologies

GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Service.
HSPA (High Speed Packet Access, often referred to as 3G+) is a standard for high-speed data transfer.
2.5G technology is characterized by circuit-switched data transmission.
LTE stands for Long Term Evolution, a high-speed, low-latency fourth-generation (4G) wireless communication technology.
HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) is a feature of 3G technology and offers asymmetric data transfer with higher download speeds.
UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) is a third-generation (3G) mobile telecommunications standard.
EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution) is a 2.75G standard for transferring data faster than GPRS.
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) enables microwave access.

Traffic Engineering and Erlangs

1 Erlang represents a full-time occupation of a radio channel.
A radio channel occupied for 30 minutes during an hour transports 0.5 Erlang of traffic.
The Erlang B formula addresses the likelihood of call blocking in a system with limited resources.
In a system described by Erlang B, unsatisfied demand is dropped.
Traffic intensity (A) is calculated using the formula A = λ * H, where λ is the arrival rate and H is the average call duration.
In traffic engineering, an oversize network implies a surplus capacity.
Fully occupying all network resources can lead to call blocking.

Mobile Roaming and Security

TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity) is used to protect IMSI during roaming.
IMSI is permanent and linked to the mobile subscriber.
Roaming generates signaling traffic between networks.
The system maintains knowledge of the mobile's location using location areas and cell IDs.
Location areas are used to optimize the paging process.
NDC (National Destination Code) determines the country for a specific mobile network.
TMSI is used instead of IMSI when the mobile is roaming.
The CC (Country Code) is an essential part of the IMSI.
The HLR (Home Location Register) does not store TMSI.
TMSI allocation is dynamic.
The paging process determines the location of a mobile device.
Older systems struggle to manage roaming due to complex signaling procedures.
Roaming management aims to maintain seamless communication for roaming subscribers.
MSC/VLR (Mobile Switching Centre/Visitor Location Register) handles roaming call routing and registration.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz covers the essential features and advancements of 2G and 3G technologies, including GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, and HSDPA. Test your knowledge on how these technologies transformed mobile communication and data transfer capabilities. Dive into the world of wireless tech and its evolution!