Questions and Answers
What is overlearning?
What are the two perspectives on overlearning in motor learning?
Motor-program based view and Dynamical systems based view
What are procedural skills well suited for?
Benefiting from overlearning
What is the point of diminishing return in practice?
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Overlearning can lead to poor test performance.
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What influences motor skill acquisition aside from overlearning?
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What does the distribution of practice involve?
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What characterizes massed practice?
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Study Notes
Overlearning
- Refers to practice continuation beyond achieving a performance criterion.
- Implemented by setting a performance standard, assessing necessary practice time, and enforcing extra practice time.
- Generally enhances skill learning but may lead to learning defects due to excessive trials.
Overlearning and Motor-Program Based View
- Extra practice strengthens the generalized motor program and response schema of a skill, promoting quicker recall during performance.
Overlearning and Dynamical Systems Based View
- Extra practice enhances stability in coordination and control characteristics, improving performance in a skill.
Overlearning for Procedural Skills
- Procedural skills involve cognitive and motor tasks, benefitting from overlearning to retain the entire procedure.
- Important in various fields like industrial, occupational, and military settings.
- Commonly, forgetting happens if procedures are not regularly practiced; overtraining mitigates this memory decay.
- Immediate overtraining is cost-effective in preserving procedural memory.
Point of Diminishing Return
- There exists a threshold where additional practice yields limited retention benefits.
- Overpractice is ineffective beyond a certain point; "more is not always better" in skill retention.
Overlearning and Test Performance
- Research indicates excessive overlearning can result in decreased test performance, especially with simple motor skills.
- This occurs due to decreased cognitive effort and lack of movement variability.
- Beyond specific trial numbers, practice can impair transfer and retention test performance, leading to increased errors.
Overlearning and Other Practice Variables
- Amount of practice is not the sole factor in motor skill learning.
- Overlearning interacts with variables like feedback type and practice variability to optimize learning outcomes.
- Benefits plateau after a point, indicating the importance of balance with other factors.
Distribution of Practice
- Concerned with massed versus distributed practice schedules and their impacts on motor skill learning.
- Focuses on rest intervals between trials, session length, and inter-session rest durations.
Massed and Distributed Practice
- General terms to describe the frequency and length of practice sessions without assigning specific time frames.
Massed Practice
- Characterized by short rest periods between sessions, involving longer active practice but fewer total practice sessions compared to distributed schedules.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of overlearning, focusing on its impact in skill acquisition and retention. It covers various perspectives on overlearning, including motor-program and dynamical systems views, as well as its relevance to procedural skills in different fields. Test your understanding of how extra practice can enhance performance and stability.
