Otolaryngology Quiz on Ear Health
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Questions and Answers

What is the typical characteristic of a normal tympanic membrane?

  • Translucent and mobile (correct)
  • Opaque and immobile
  • Coloured and concave
  • Thickened and perforated

    • In which situation is cerumen removal recommended?

  • For patients who cannot express symptoms (correct)
  • For patients with a history of ear infections
  • When earwax is visible but not bothersome
  • For asymptomatic patients

    • What is the primary characteristic of conductive hearing loss as indicated in the Weber test?

  • There is no difference in hearing
  • Sound is louder in the affected ear (correct)
  • Sound is equally heard in both ears
  • Sound is louder in the normal ear

    • Which of the following statements about cerumen impaction is true?

    <p>It can cause hearing loss and ear fullness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What test involves evaluating tympanic membrane mobility using pneumatic insufflation?

    <p>Pneumatic otoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT a common cause of cerumen impaction?

    <p>Chronic ear infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is considered the MOST COMMON for cerumen removal?

    <p>Irrigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with cerumen impaction?

    <p>Palpitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hearing loss results in equal degrees of impairment in both air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC) during the Rinne test?

    <p>Sensorineural hearing loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication associated with the irrigation method of cerumen removal?

    <p>Water retention and TM perforation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test checks for equality of sound between the ears?

    <p>Weber test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a criterion for referral to an otolaryngologist for cerumen impaction?

    <p>Severe unilateral earache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason diagnostic imaging is not required for uncomplicated acute rhinosinusitis (ARS)?

    <p>Clinical signs and symptoms are sufficient for diagnosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the pinna do in the auditory system?

    <p>Collects and directs sound waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following imaging findings is consistent with acute rhinosinusitis on a CT scan?

    <p>Air-fluid levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically not indicated in the treatment of acute viral rhinosinusitis?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT considered a complication of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)?

    <p>Dental infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario is referral for complicated acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) typically warranted?

    <p>High, persistent fevers exceeding 102 degrees F</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS)?

    <p>Inflammation lasting 12 weeks or more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common risk factor for Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS)?

    <p>Regular exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for the diagnosis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS)?

    <p>Objective evidence of mucosal inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option describes an appropriate supportive care method for uncomplicated Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis (ABRS)?

    <p>Use of nasal saline irrigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT associated with the clinical features of Chronic Rhinosinusitis?

    <p>Fever exceeding 102 degrees F</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is considered a cardinal sign of sinusitis in adults?

    <p>Facial pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major concern in diagnosing GABHS pharyngitis?

    <p>Absence of cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign of diphtheria?

    <p>Severe throat pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for confirmed GABHS pharyngitis?

    <p>Penicillin VK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evaluation method is recommended for documenting mucosal disease in sinusitis?

    <p>Nasal endoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In children, which symptom acts as the cardinal sign for sinusitis?

    <p>Cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication can result from GABHS pharyngitis?

    <p>Rheumatic fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom indicates a need for immediate evaluation in a patient with sinusitis?

    <p>High fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis?

    <p>Purulent mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is preferred for diagnosing GABHS pharyngitis?

    <p>Rapid antigen detection test (RADT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical treatment for sialadenitis?

    <p>Topical steroid creams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common outcome if GABHS pharyngitis is left untreated?

    <p>Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential step if a rapid antigen detection test (RADT) is negative in a high-risk patient for GABHS?

    <p>Perform a follow-up culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of malignant otitis externa?

    <p>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of otitis externa?

    <p>Persistent cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first line treatment for moderate acute otitis media in children who have not received antibiotics in the past month?

    <p>Amoxicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated if a child with acute otitis media has a bulging and opaque TM?

    <p>Immediate treatment with antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a physical exam for otitis externa, which sign would suggest severe inflammation?

    <p>Intense pain and complete canal occlusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition could be a differential diagnosis for middle ear effusion?

    <p>Acute otitis media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors could increase the risk of foreign body insertion in the ear for children?

    <p>Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these bacteria is NOT commonly associated with acute otitis media?

    <p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for severe otitis externa?

    <p>Topical antibiotic plus glucocorticoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the ear canal be protected during recovery from otitis externa?

    <p>Inserting cotton balls while bathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by the presence of fluid in the middle ear without infection?

    <p>Otitis media with effusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mainstay treatment for moderate signs of ear infection in children?

    <p>Topical antibiotics and glucocorticoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic tool is essential for confirming acute otitis media in young children?

    <p>Otoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical first treatment approach for Suppurative Parotitis?

    <p>Inpatient hydration and IV antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign or symptom of a parotid gland infection?

    <p>Increased pain and swelling with meals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended diagnosis method for conditions involving the parotid gland?

    <p>Ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT a risk factor for developing Oral Hairy Leukoplakia?

    <p>Socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does not typically occur in Esophageal Foreign Body cases?

    <p>Severe chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method used to manage an acute airway foreign body in children under three?

    <p>Back blows and chest thrusts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the characteristics of Oral Cancer - Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

    <p>Raised, firm white lesions with ulcers at base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a treatment option for Pre-Cancer (Leukoplakia)?

    <p>Watchful waiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common bacteria associated with Suppurative Parotitis?

    <p>Staphylococcus aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT typically required for performing a formal tracheostomy?

    <p>Small round airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark symptom of Chronic Otitis Media (COM)?

    <p>Purulent aural discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for Otitis Media with Effusion (OME)?

    <p>Daycare attendance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment is recommended for children with persistent hearing loss following Acute Otitis Media?

    <p>Ear tubes placement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of Acute Viral Rhinosinusitis?

    <p>Viral infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments is NOT proven effective for Otitis Media with Effusion in children?

    <p>Topical steroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The treatment of allergies in pregnancy should focus on which of the following options?

    <p>Intranasal cromolyn sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic test is recommended for evaluating suspected Acoustic Neuroma?

    <p>MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with recurrent episodes of Acute Otitis Media?

    <p>Cholesteatoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of untreated Acute Otitis Media?

    <p>Mastoiditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the prognosis of Acute Otitis Media with TM perforation is true?

    <p>Most heal spontaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary management option for children with Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion?

    <p>Watchful waiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Non-Allergic Rhinitis differentiated from Allergic Rhinitis?

    <p>Triggers from weather conditions and irritants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with Allergic Rhinitis?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    ENT 1

    • Anatomy: The ear is divided into outer (external auditory meatus), middle (tympanic membrane and ossicles), and inner (cochlea) parts.
    • Physiology: Sound waves are collected by the pinna, transmitted through the tympanic membrane, and amplified by the ossicles to the cochlea.
    • Hearing tests: Weber and Rinne tests help differentiate conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
    • Hearing Loss: Conductive hearing loss occurs when there's a problem in the outer or middle ear, while sensorineural loss involves damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve.
    • HAPE (Hearing Assessment): The Weber and Rinne tests assess hearing loss.

    EAR DISORDERS

    • Cerumen Impaction: Buildup of earwax (cerumen) can cause hearing impairment and discomfort. Treatment includes cerumenolytic agents or irrigation.
    • Otitis Externa (Swimmer's Ear): This is an infection of the external auditory canal. Common causes include bacterial infection (often Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungal infection. Symptoms include pain, itching, and discharge.
    • Foreign Bodies: Objects lodged in the ear canal (common in children). Removal requires careful visualization and appropriate instruments.

    Other Ear Disorders

    • Acute Otitis Media (AOM): Infection of the middle ear often following a viral upper respiratory infection. Symptoms include pain, fever, and possible fluid buildup behind the eardrum. Treatment commonly involves antibiotics and pain management.
    • Otitis Media with Effusion (OME): Middle ear fluid without infection. Common in children, sometimes following AOM. Symptoms include hearing loss. Treatment may be watchful waiting or myringotomy in severe cases.
    • Chronic Otitis Media (COM): Recurrent middle ear infection, frequently associated with a perforated eardrum. May involve a cholesteatoma (growth of skin cells). Treatment often involves surgical intervention.
    • Acoustic Neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma): Benign tumor of the vestibular nerve (part of the auditory nerve), often characterized by hearing loss and/or vertigo. Diagnosis typically uses MRI.
    • Vertigo: Illusion of motion. Possible causes are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis, and other conditions.
    • Barotrauma: Pressure-related damage to the eardrum (during rapid changes in altitude, loud noises, etc.).
    • Epistaxis: Nosebleeds, a common experience that rarely requires significant emergency intervention. Anterior bleeds occur around Kiesselbach's plexus, while posterior bleeds are a more significant problem.

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    Related Documents

    CAM Exam 1 Study Guide PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on ear health and tympanic membrane characteristics with this quiz. Topics include cerumen removal, conductive hearing loss, and diagnostic tests related to the auditory system. Perfect for students or professionals in otolaryngology!

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