Osmosis and Water Potential Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What determines the net movement of water by osmosis?

  • Pressure potential differences between solutions
  • Temperature differences of the solutions
  • Solute potential differences between solutions
  • Differences in water potential between two solutions (correct)
  • If pure water has a water potential of 0 kPa, what would be the water potential of a solution with a significant amount of solute?

  • 0 kPa
  • A negative value (correct)
  • It cannot be determined
  • A positive value
  • How does pressure potential affect the water potential of a solution?

  • It increases the water potential (correct)
  • It lowers the water potential
  • It varies based on solute concentration
  • It has no effect on water potential
  • What happens to water molecules when they move through a selectively permeable membrane?

    <p>Water moves according to osmosis rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a solution with a solute potential of -630 kPa and a pressure potential of 330 kPa, what is the overall water potential?

    <p>-300 kPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an increase in solute concentration have on a solution's water potential?

    <p>It decreases the water potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason water moves from high water potential to low water potential?

    <p>To achieve equilibrium in water potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes osmotic (solute) potential?

    <p>It is a measure of the concentration of solute in a solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to animal cells in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>They shrink as water leaves the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily affects the fluidity of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Temperature of the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a colorimeter in the context of beetroot pigments?

    <p>To measure the concentration of betalain in a solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an isotonic solution, what is the expected change in the state of plant cells?

    <p>They will remain turgid and healthy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does high temperature affect the permeability of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Increases permeability due to increased lipid fluidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the blue-green filter play in a colorimeter when measuring betalain pigment?

    <p>It absorbs the color light opposite to the pigment being measured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to beetroot cells when they are placed in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>They become turgid as water enters the cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily indicated when a colorimeter shows high percentage transmission in a betalain solution?

    <p>Low concentration of betalain pigments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Osmosis and Water Potential

    • Osmosis involves the net movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane due to differences in water potential.
    • Water potential (ψ) measures the tendency of water to move and is expressed in kiloPascals (kPa).
    • Pure water has a water potential of 0 kPa; solutions have a lower (negative) water potential.
    • Water moves from regions of high water potential to regions of low water potential.

    Solute and Pressure Potential

    • The presence of solutes lowers the water potential; higher solute concentration means more negative water potential.
    • Osmotic (solute) potential (π) contributes negatively to water potential, as water molecules bind to solute, reducing free movement.
    • Pressure potential (P) increases water potential; it is always a positive value, important in plant cells where the cell wall exerts turgor pressure.
    • Water potential is calculated using the equation: ψ = π + P.

    Cell Responses in Different Solutions

    • Hypertonic Solutions: Cells lose water and shrink, leading to plasmolysis in plant cells and crenation in animal cells.
    • Hypotonic Solutions: Cells gain water, swell, and may burst (lysis) in animal cells, while plant cells become turgid due to turgor pressure.
    • Isotonic Solutions: No net movement of water; cells remain stable.

    Factors Affecting Material Transport

    • Temperature: Influences plasma membrane fluidity; low temperatures decrease permeability, while high temperatures can increase it, risking membrane integrity if too high.
    • Beetroots: Contain betalain pigment; large molecules unable to cross membranes usually, useful for studying osmosis.
    • Colorimeter: Measures light transmission through a solution to determine pigment concentration; uses a blue-green filter to assess the red color of betalain, demonstrating solvent absorption properties.

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    Related Documents

    Osmosis handout.docx

    Description

    Test your understanding of osmosis and its traditional definition in biological systems. This quiz explores how water movement is influenced by water potential and the role of partially-permeable membranes. Assess your knowledge of key concepts and terminology associated with osmosis.

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