OSHA Safety and Physics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

How often do operating procedures need to be updated?

  • Quarterly
  • Biannually
  • Annually (correct)
  • Monthly

    • What must employers do before starting work with contractors who perform highly hazardous chemical tasks?

  • Evaluate contractors' work methods and experiences
  • Maintain a site injury and illness log
  • Establish a screening process to hire contractors (correct)
  • Conduct a pre-job safety briefing

    • What is a component of a pre-start-up safety review?

  • Evaluation of contractors' work methods
  • Construction of equipment in accordance with design specifications (correct)
  • Development of an emergency action plan
  • Training of employees on operating procedures

    • What is a requirement of the Process Safety Management standard's emergency action plan?

    <p>Establishing a pre-planning process for releases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often must employers certify that they have evaluated compliance with the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>Every 3 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>To reduce the risk of highly hazardous chemical releases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key component of the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>Implementing operating procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for evaluating compliance with the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>The employer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required before an employer can assign an employee to jobs requiring the use of a respirator?

    <p>Obtain written permission from a physician</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of connecting a protected metal to a more easily corroded sacrificial metal?

    <p>To connect protected metal to a more easily corroded sacrificial metal acting as the anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stress generated in an object as a result of applying a force?

    <p>The value of the force divided by the area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is shoring not required for trenches?

    <p>When the trench is in a stable rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CAD stand for?

    <p>Computer Aided Design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an Express Warranty?

    <p>To provide a promise concerning a product's life expectancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a trench?

    <p>It is a narrow excavation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization has the most number of standards for unfired pressure vessels?

    <p>American Society of Mechanical Engineers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do when conducting a routine inspection and finding minor infractions?

    <p>Notify the supervisor in writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does SQL stand for?

    <p>Structured Query Language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum allowable slope for a ramp?

    <p>15 degrees and never exceeds 20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of Caveat Venditor?

    <p>The principle of receiving value for an original purchase of a product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you find an unsafe act during an inspection?

    <p>Stop the unsafe act and instruct how the job can be completed safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a product fails to meet a warranty?

    <p>The manufacturer can be held liable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are advantages of fixed guarding?

    <p>They can be constructed to suit applications and provide a high level of protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using CAD/CAM software?

    <p>To create computer-aided designs and manufacturing plans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of highly hazardous chemicals under OSHA's process safety management standard?

    <p>Possessing toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which legislative act is the Employee Participation element standard required?

    <p>Occupational Safety and Health Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the process technology information?

    <p>Qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can detailed guidance on process hazard analysis methodologies be obtained?

    <p>American Chemical Society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often do operating procedures need to be certified?

    <p>Only when changes are made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must employers do before allowing contractors to perform work involving highly hazardous chemicals?

    <p>Establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish the tasks safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aspect of process hazard analysis?

    <p>Evaluating the consequences of deviations from design intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for employers who use contractors to perform work involving highly hazardous chemicals?

    <p>Establishing a screening process to hire contractors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of air collection system uses water to help force dust, gas, or vapor contaminants from the air?

    <p>Wet collectors or scrubbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the UN labeling system provide information about?

    <p>The type of packaging and the material it is made of</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage should you subtract from the NRR of hearing protection for earmuffs according to NIOSH?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Ci stand for?

    <p>Curie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the amount of ionizing radiation released by a material referred to as?

    <p>Radioactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the units of measure for exposure?

    <p>R and C/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does R stand for?

    <p>Roentgen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of air collection system captures particulate contaminants as they pass through a specialized fabric filter?

    <p>Fabric collectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of facility is covered under OSHA's process safety management standard?

    <p>A facility operated, maintained, or serviced by employees who visit periodically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of highly hazardous chemicals under OSHA's process safety management standard?

    <p>Toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the process technology information?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can detailed guidance on process hazard analysis methodologies be obtained?

    <p>American Chemical Society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of process flow diagrams?

    <p>To show the sequence of operations in a process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which legislative act is the Employee Participation element standard required?

    <p>Clean Air Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diagrams show the piping and instrumentation of the facility?

    <p>Piping and instrumentation diagrams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aspect of process hazard analysis?

    <p>Identifying possible failure scenarios</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an employer establishing a screening process for contractors?

    <p>To evaluate contractors' work methods and experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical component of a pre-start-up safety review?

    <p>Operating procedures are in place and adequate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement of the Process Safety Management standard's emergency action plan?

    <p>Evacuation and relocation procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often must employers certify that they have evaluated compliance with the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>Every 3 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of evaluating compliance with the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>To certify that the employer has complied with the standard's provisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key component of the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>Evaluating compliance with the standard's provisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for evaluating compliance with the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>The employer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>To ensure safe work practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a data logger in industrial hygiene monitoring devices?

    <p>To convert physical phenomena into electronic signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of signals do data loggers convert physical phenomena into?

    <p>Electronic signals such as voltage or current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate purpose of storing data in a data logger?

    <p>To store the data for future use and analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the electronic signals generated by a data logger?

    <p>They are digitized into binary data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major benefit of using a data logger with industrial hygiene monitoring devices?

    <p>It enables the storage of data for future use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of media can the digitized data from a data logger be stored on?

    <p>Either PC hard drives or memory cards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a physical phenomenon that a data logger can measure?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of using a data logger in industrial hygiene monitoring devices?

    <p>To enable the analysis of data for future use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of placing a shield between an ionizing radiation source and an employee?

    <p>To reduce the impact of ionizing radiation on the employee's health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of insurance company is profit motivated?

    <p>Stock Insurance Company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred angle range for fixed industrial stairs?

    <p>30 to 35 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is OCP an abbreviation for?

    <p>Option not provided in the content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be obtained by dividing the volumetric flow rate of air in the ventilation system by the room volume?

    <p>Number of room air changes per unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are chemical labels typically put on?

    <p>Drums of hazardous waste and bottles of hazardous chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best control method for point source airborne contaminants?

    <p>Local exhaust ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of coverage is provided by Manufacturers and Contractors Insurance Company?

    <p>Liability coverage for a company engaged in the cleanup of hazardous waste site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the timeframe for pyrophoric liquids and solids to ignite after contact with air?

    <p>Within 5 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sections are in a Safety Data Sheet?

    <p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of the SDS is not enforced by OSHA?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the NFPA 101 classification for a building with moderate rapidity and considerable smoke?

    <p>Ordinary Hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of atmospheric testing in a confined space?

    <p>Oxygen --&gt; Flammability --&gt; Toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wavelength range of near-infrared radiation?

    <p>700nm to 1400nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of scotoma on vision?

    <p>Loss of vision in a portion of the visual field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hazard is characterized by sudden explosions and rapid fire spread?

    <p>High Hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What category of insurance addresses the loss exposures relating to loss of income and or extra expense to operate?

    <p>Property Insurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three elements of the loss exposure covered by the basic BIC form?

    <p>Property, Perils, Consequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a GFCI?

    <p>To open the circuit in .02 to .03 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a fall arrest system?

    <p>To absorb the energy of an actual fall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operation is most likely to produce ozone?

    <p>Electric arc welding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a CE marking on a product?

    <p>To indicate the product meets European safety standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is hexavalent chromium developed?

    <p>Through a welding process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a ventilation system?

    <p>To remove contaminants from the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a component of the pre-start-up safety review?

    <p>Training has been completed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often must employers certify that they have evaluated compliance with the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>Every 3 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must the emergency action plan include under the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>Pre-planning for releases and evacuation procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum output of a laser that can cause eye injury?

    <p>500mW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long must employers retain the original copy of the inspection report?

    <p>14 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electrical bonding?

    <p>To ensure electrical continuity and safely conduct current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the employer under the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>To evaluate compliance with the standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum unlocking strength of a tagout device?

    <p>50 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of double block and bleed?

    <p>To close and lock two in-line valves and open a drain or vent valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must employers do with the compliance audit reports?

    <p>Retain two most recent reports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wavelength range of Infrared-B?

    <p>1.4 micrometers to 3 micrometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is line breaking?

    <p>The intentional opening of a pipe, line, or duct that is or has been carrying flammable, corrosive, or toxic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hazard of sodium hydroxide?

    <p>It can produce fire or explosions when mixed with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wavelength range of Farfar-infrared (IR-C)?

    <p>3 micrometers to 1,000 micrometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a component of a site injury and illness log?

    <p>List of injuries and illnesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Process Safety Management standard?

    <p>To minimize the consequences of chemical releases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of proof testing?

    <p>To subject a product to a load or pressure equal to or greater than its designed capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between metal carbonates and acids?

    <p>Salt, water, and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is inerting?

    <p>The displacement of the atmosphere in a permit space with a noncombustible gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are chemical hazards generally divided into?

    <p>Toxic, reactive, and flammable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is potassium?

    <p>A water reactive substance that creates heat and gases when exposed to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Perchloric Acid (HClO4) commonly used in?

    <p>Electroplating and fire-works industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hazard of laser 4?

    <p>It can cause eye injury and skin burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does LASER stand for?

    <p>Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature should perchloric acid be kept?

    <p>In a cool or room temperature environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of mixing sodium hydroxide with water or solvents?

    <p>It produces heat and can cause fire or explosions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum output of Class 2 lasers?

    <p>1 mW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the LFL should the airborne concentration of a substance be kept below?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are vent hoods made of stainless steel with rounded corners and all-welded construction?

    <p>To reduce corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of air collection system moves heavy particles to the edge or out of an air stream?

    <p>Cyclone Collector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of air collection system is used to remove fine particles from the air?

    <p>Electrostatic precipitators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using stainless steel with rounded corners and all-welded construction for vent hoods?

    <p>To handle corrosive substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential hazard when mixing sodium hydroxide with water or solvents?

    <p>Fire or explosions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does highly hazardous chemical mean under OSHA's process safety management standard?

    <p>A substance possessing toxic, reactive, flammable or explosive properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum unlocking strength required for tagout devices?

    <p>50 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which legislative act is the Employee Participation element standard required?

    <p>Clean Air Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electrical bonding?

    <p>To ensure electrical continuity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the process technology information?

    <p>Qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of laser safety class 3B?

    <p>Has a maximum output of 500mW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can detailed guidance on process hazard analysis methodologies be obtained?

    <p>American Chemical Society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must employers do before starting work with contractors who perform highly hazardous chemical tasks?

    <p>Establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish the tasks safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are chemical hazards generally divided into?

    <p>Toxic, reactive, and flammable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aspect of process hazard analysis?

    <p>Identifying possible hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of metal carbonates reacting with acids?

    <p>Salt, water, and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to be included in the process technology information?

    <p>Qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hazard associated with sodium hydroxide?

    <p>It can produce fire or explosions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an employer establishing a screening process for contractors?

    <p>To hire contractors who can accomplish the tasks safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electrical bonding in relation to electrical safety?

    <p>To prevent electrical shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of pyrophoric liquids and solids?

    <p>They are liable to ignite within 5 minutes after contact with air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sections are there in a Safety Data Sheet?

    <p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of the SDS provides information on ecological information?

    <p>Section 12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of a building with a high hazard of contents according to the NFPA 101 Life Safety Code?

    <p>High Hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of atmospheric testing in a confined space?

    <p>Oxygen --&gt; Flammability --&gt; Toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is near-infrared radiation?

    <p>Invisible, feels warm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a scotoma?

    <p>Loss of vision in a portion of the visual field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the NFPA 101 Life Safety Code?

    <p>To classify buildings based on the hazard of contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum unlocking strength required for tagout devices?

    <p>50 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electrical bonding?

    <p>To ensure electrical continuity and safely conduct any current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hazard associated with sodium hydroxide when mixed with water or solvents?

    <p>It generates considerable heat and can cause fire or explosions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum output power of a laser classified as 3B?

    <p>500mW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way to group chemical hazards?

    <p>Toxic, reactive, flammable, and corrosive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when metal carbonates react with acids?

    <p>Salt, water, and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk associated with viewing a laser classified as 2 with binoculars?

    <p>It can cause eye injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electrical bonding in relation to process safety?

    <p>To ensure electrical continuity and safely conduct any current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of highly hazardous chemicals under OSHA's process safety management standard?

    <p>Possessing toxic, reactive, flammable or explosive properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to be included in the process technology information?

    <p>A qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can detailed guidance on process hazard analysis methodologies be obtained?

    <p>American Chemical Society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which legislative act is the Employee Participation element standard required?

    <p>Clean Air Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an employer establishing a screening process for contractors?

    <p>To establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish the tasks safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aspect of process hazard analysis?

    <p>Identifying potential hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for employers who use contractors to perform work involving highly hazardous chemicals?

    <p>To establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish the tasks safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the process technology information?

    <p>A qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of pyrophoric liquids and solids?

    <p>They are likely to ignite within 5 minutes after contact with air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sections are there in a Safety Data Sheet?

    <p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sections of the SDS will OSHA not enforce?

    <p>Sections 12-15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of buildings with low hazard of contents according to NFPA 101 Life Safety Code?

    <p>Low Hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper order of atmospheric testing in a confined space?

    <p>Oxygen -&gt; Flammability -&gt; Toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of near-infrared radiation?

    <p>It is invisible and feels warm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a scotoma?

    <p>Loss of vision in a portion of the visual field.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum output power of a class 3B laser, which can cause eye injury?

    <p>500mW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electrical bonding?

    <p>To ensure electrical continuity and safely conduct current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum unlocking strength of tagout devices?

    <p>50 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of sodium hydroxide when mixed with water or solvents?

    <p>It causes considerable heat and can produce fire or explosions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are chemical hazards generally divided into?

    <p>Toxic, reactive, corrosive, and flammable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between metal carbonates and acids?

    <p>Salt, water, and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hazard of class 4 lasers?

    <p>Eye and skin injury, as well as fire hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a tagout device?

    <p>To prevent unauthorized equipment startup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does highly hazardous chemical mean under OSHA's process safety management standard?

    <p>A substance possessing toxic, reactive, flammable or explosive properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for employers who use contractors to perform work involving highly hazardous chemicals?

    <p>To establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish the tasks safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the process technology information?

    <p>Qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can detailed guidance on process hazard analysis methodologies be obtained?

    <p>American Chemical Society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which legislative act is the Employee Participation element standard required?

    <p>Clean Air Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aspect of process hazard analysis?

    <p>Identifying potential hazards in the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required before an employer can assign an employee to jobs requiring the use of a respirator?

    <p>A medical evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of facility is covered under OSHA's process safety management standard?

    <p>Facilities that handle highly hazardous chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of materials are liable to ignite within 5 minutes after contact with air?

    <p>Pyrophoric solids and liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sections does a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) have?

    <p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of the SDS provides ecological information?

    <p>Section 12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hazard classification is characterized by a low combustibility and no self-propagating fire?

    <p>Low Hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of atmospheric testing in a confined space?

    <p>Oxygen -&gt; Flammability -&gt; Toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiation is characterized by a wavelength of 700nm to 1400nm and feels warm?

    <p>Near-infrared radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for loss of vision in a portion of the visual field resulting from damage to the retina?

    <p>Scotoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hazard is characterized by a rapid burning rate and potential for explosions?

    <p>High Hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of placing a shield between an ionizing radiation source and an employee?

    <p>To reduce the intensity of the radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated to a more concentrated solution?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of insurance company is profit motivated?

    <p>Stock Insurance Company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hazardous material is classified as Class I?

    <p>Flammable gases, vapors, or liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protection factor of a full-face respirator when used in positive-pressure mode?

    <p>1,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred angle range for fixed industrial stairs?

    <p>30 to 35 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum foot-candle requirement for first-aid stations?

    <p>30 foot-candles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Soft Tree analysis?

    <p>To identify single-point and multiple-case failures in a software system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are chemical labels typically put on?

    <p>Drums of hazardous waste and bottles of hazardous chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How quickly will a GFCI trip?

    <p>1/40th of a second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does OCP stand for?

    <p>Operations Control Plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of respirators are required for grinding operations?

    <p>Particulate respirators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between fan speed and TP/SP?

    <p>TP/SP is the square of the fan speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cut set in terms of system operation?

    <p>A point where the system can be cut to ensure non-operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a chemical is absorbed into the surface of a material, diffuses through the material, and is desorbed on the opposite side?

    <p>Permeation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Manufacturers and contractors coverage?

    <p>Liability coverage for a company engaged in the cleanup of hazardous waste sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to obtain the number of room air changes per unit?

    <p>Dividing the volumetric flow rate of air in the ventilation system by the room volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you convert LEL % to parts per million?

    <p>Multiply by 1 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protection factor of an SCBA when used in positive-pressure mode?

    <p>10,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of double block and bleed?

    <p>To close and lock two in-line valves and open a drain or vent valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of filters and impingers in testing for formaldehyde?

    <p>To collect samples for further analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the intentional opening of a pipe carrying flammable or toxic materials?

    <p>Line breaking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an engineering control?

    <p>Placing a shield between an ionizing radiation source and an employee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the movement of a fluid caused by the tendency of hotter and less dense material to rise, and colder and denser material to sink?

    <p>Convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of inerting a pipe?

    <p>To displace the atmosphere with a noncombustible gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When testing for cholinesterase inhibitors, what do you look for in the blood?

    <p>Organophosphate levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of analysis is used to identify single-point and multiple-case failures in a software system?

    <p>Soft Tree Analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is potassium?

    <p>A water reactive substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should perchloric acid be stored?

    <p>In a cool or room temperature environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum allowable airborne concentration of a substance for dipping and coating operations?

    <p>25% of its LFL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of air collection system works by moving heavy particles to the edge or out of an air stream?

    <p>Cyclone collectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of management of change procedures?

    <p>To manage changes to process technology or equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of coarse particles or dust?

    <p>2,500 - 10,000 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum clear width required on each side of a fixed ladder?

    <p>15 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of control requires the worker to 'do something' before system use?

    <p>Active Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum weight that anchorages for personal fall arrest equipment must be able to support?

    <p>5,000 lbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of fine particles or particulate matter?

    <p>100 - 2,500 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum clearance required behind a fixed ladder for rungs, grab bars, or both?

    <p>7 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What certification is typically found on fire suppression products?

    <p>FM (Factory Mutual)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum clear distance required on the climbing side of a fixed ladder?

    <p>30 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of business income coverage?

    <p>To address loss exposures relating to loss of income and extra expense to operate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three elements of the loss exposure covered by the basic BIC form?

    <p>Property, Perils, Consequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system is used to absorb the energy of an actual fall?

    <p>Fall arrest system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the marking used in many products manufactured in Europe indicating that the product meets the health and safety standards?

    <p>CE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a ventilation system, what is the total pressure equal to?

    <p>The sum of velocity pressure and static pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of welding operation is most likely to produce ozone?

    <p>Electric arc welding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a GFCI?

    <p>To open the circuit in 0.2 to 0.3 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is hexavalent chromium developed?

    <p>Through the process of stainless steel manufacturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard substance used to compare the evaporation rate of other substances?

    <p>Butylacetate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of scheduling in piping construction?

    <p>To determine the size and material of pipes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who regulates the quality of breathing air in compressed gas cylinders?

    <p>Compressed Gas Association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of a substance that is probably not carcinogenic according to NIOSH?

    <p>Group 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Ficke's Law?

    <p>To describe the diffusion and permeation of substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum concentration of a solute that can be carried in water under equilibrium?

    <p>Water solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How frequently must PSM investigations be completed?

    <p>Within 48 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the entity that specifies the original capacity of a crane?

    <p>Manufacturer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does HTTP stand for?

    <p>Hyper Text Transfer Protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Adobe Acrobat?

    <p>To display files in their native format</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the most basic features of a web browser?

    <p>Includes Hypertext Links, Images, and Text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unit of measurement is equivalent to 1 rad (absorbed dose) and 1 rem or 1000 mrem (dose equivalent)?

    <p>R (exposure)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what order should you test the atmosphere in a confined space?

    <p>oxygen, toxic, flammables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a spectrometer?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a UNIX operating system?

    <p>A multi-user, multitasking computer operating system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which employer can be cited for the General Duty Clause?

    <p>Exposing employer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are UNIX workstations used for?

    <p>CPU-intensive applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dose equivalent measured in?

    <p>Rem and Sivert (sv)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can more than one employer be cited on a multi-employer worksite?

    <p>Yes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are advantages of a peer-to-peer network?

    <p>Inexpensive, simplicity, and control is not centralized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the absorbed dose measured in?

    <p>Rad and Gray (gy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a URL?

    <p>A unique identifier for a resource on the internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for correcting a hazard on a multi-employer worksite?

    <p>The correcting employer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the dose equivalent?

    <p>To combine the amount of radiation absorbed and the medical effects of that type of radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum weight of a Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) that requires additional requirements?

    <p>26,001 lbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of words are used on chemical labels under the Globally Harmonized System (GHS)?

    <p>Danger or Warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are GHS hazards categorized?

    <p>Physical, Health, and Environmental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions are manufacturers allowed to withhold chemical identities?

    <p>Under certain conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sampling uses the kinetic energy of gas molecules in an enclosed space?

    <p>Passive sampling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What law explains the use of passive and active air monitoring, as well as respirators?

    <p>Fick's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of containment?

    <p>To ensure safe methods and facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of containment is used to protect employees handling infectious materials?

    <p>Primary containment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a type of insurance that helps protect individuals and companies that provide professional advice and services?

    <p>Professional liability insurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a device that absorbs the energy of an actual fall?

    <p>Fall arrest system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a type of electrical device that opens the circuit in .02 to .03 seconds?

    <p>GFCI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a type of welding that produces ozone?

    <p>Electric arc welding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a type of chromium developed during welding of stainless steel?

    <p>Hexavalent chromium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a marking used in many products manufactured in Europe indicating that the product meets the health and safety standards?

    <p>CE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard for commercial hazardous materials truck drivers?

    <p>Not allowed to consume alcohol within four hours of their shift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a type of insurance that helps protect individuals and companies from loss of income and or extra expense to operate?

    <p>Business interruption insurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the elements required to set a fire?

    <p>Suspension of particles in air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Illuminating Engineer Society?

    <p>Providing Recommended levels of illumination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does NIOSH stand for?

    <p>National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Closed Circuit Self Contained Breathing Apparatus used for?

    <p>Used in IDLH atmospheres, recirculating breathing air and purifying it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an Open Circuit Self Contained Breathing Apparatus used for?

    <p>Providing air via high-pressure tank and exhausting exhaled air to atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fail safe design for a spare pump system?

    <p>Activation of a spare pump on failure of the primary pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is floor slipperiness measured by?

    <p>Slip meter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should air purifying respirators not be used?

    <p>In atmospheres containing oxygen deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the commonly encountered hazards for ground supported scaffolds?

    <p>Tipping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CPSC stand for?

    <p>Consumer Product Safety Commission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does OSHRC stand for?

    <p>Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must drums containing Polychlorinated Biphenyls be made of?

    <p>Metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ventricular fibrillation caused by?

    <p>Electrical shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is arching?

    <p>Flow of electrons through the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is electrical bonding?

    <p>Eliminates the potential difference between two conductors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can electrolytic fluid in lead batteries during charging produce?

    <p>Hydrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Clo value for summer lightweight working clothing?

    <p>0.6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the severity level of permanent disability?

    <p>Critical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of effect from combining chemicals where the combination is greater than the sum?

    <p>Synergistic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does BLEVE stand for?

    <p>Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What metals does NaOH corrode easily?

    <p>Aluminum, Lead, and Zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Ames test measure?

    <p>Mutagenicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle does a combustible gas indicator operate on?

    <p>Heat of Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organism causes Q Fever?

    <p>Rickettsial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of air collection system uses water to help force dust, gas, or vapor contaminants from the air?

    <p>Wet collectors or scrubbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the UN labeling system provide information about?

    <p>The type of packaging and the material it's made of</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage should you subtract from the NRR of hearing protection for earmuffs according to NIOSH?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Ci stand for?

    <p>Curie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the amount of ionizing radiation released by a material referred to as?

    <p>Radioactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the units of measure for exposure?

    <p>R and C/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does R stand for?

    <p>Roentgen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of air collection system captures particulate contaminants as they pass through a specialized fabric filter?

    <p>Fabric collectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Respirator Use

    • Before signing an employee to jobs requiring the use of a respirator, an employer must obtain written permission from a physician on the employee's ability to use a respirator.

    Stress and Force

    • The stress generated in an object as a result of applying a force is equal to the value of the force divided by the area upon which it acts.

    Trenches and Shoring

    • Shoring is required for all trenches more than 4 feet deep, unless they are sloped to an angle of repose or are in a stable rock.
    • A trench is a narrow excavation that is deeper than it is wide and never wider than 15 feet.

    Standards and Organizations

    • The American Society of Mechanical Engineers has the most number of standards for unfired pressure vessels.

    Ramps and Safety

    • The maximum allowable slope for a ramp is 15 degrees, and it should never exceed 20 degrees.
    • If an unsafe act is found during an inspection, the inspector should stop the act, instruct how the job can be completed safely, report the unsafe act to the supervisor, and provide adequate training.

    Guarding and Safety

    • The advantages of fixed guarding include being able to construct it to suit applications, providing a high level of protection, and having low maintenance.

    CAD and Software

    • CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design.
    • CAD/CAM stands for Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing.
    • The most common software packages used in occupational health and safety are Word processing and database management.

    Warranties and Liability

    • If a product fails to meet a warranty, the manufacturer can be held liable.
    • Express Warranty refers to a seller's or lessor's oral or written promise concerning a product's life expectancy.

    SQL and URL

    • SQL stands for Structured Query Language.
    • URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, and it is a web address used to locate a specific resource on the internet.

    Inspections and Notifications

    • When conducting a routine inspection and finding minor infractions, the best course of action is to notify the supervisor in writing.

    Contractors and Hazardous Chemicals

    • Employers who use contractors to perform work that involves highly hazardous chemicals must establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish the tasks safely, evaluate contractors' work methods and experiences, and maintain a site injury and illness log.

    Process Safety Management

    • The Process Safety Management standard requires employers to develop and implement an emergency action plan, which must include alarm systems, evacuation/relocation, and pre-planning for releases.
    • The employer must certify that they have evaluated compliance with the provisions of the OSHA standard every 3 years.

    Highly Hazardous Chemicals

    • Under OSHA's Process Safety Management standard, highly hazardous chemicals are substances possessing toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties and are specified by the standard.

    Air Collection Systems

    • Wet collectors or scrubbers use water to help force dust, gas, or vapor contaminants from the air.
    • Fabric collectors capture particulate contaminants as they pass through a specialized fabric filter.

    UN Labeling System

    • The UN labeling system provides information about the packaging and the type of packaging, and the material the packaging is made of, but it does not identify the specific contents being held by packaging and does not replace dangerous goods labeling.

    Hearing Protection and NIOSH

    • NIOSH recommends derating the Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) of hearing protection by subtracting 25% for earmuffs, 50% for formable earplugs, and 75% for all other earplugs.

    Radioactivity and Units

    • Radioactivity refers to the amount of ionizing radiation released by a material.
    • The units of measure for radioactivity are Curie (Ci) and Becquerel (Bq).
    • Exposure refers to the amount of radiation traveling through the air, and the units of measure for exposure are Roentgen (R) and C/kg.

    Process Safety Management

    • OSHA's process safety management standard applies to facilities that are operated, maintained, or serviced by employees who visit the facility only periodically.
    • Highly hazardous chemicals are substances that possess toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties as specified by the standard.

    Process Flow Diagrams and Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams

    • These diagrams are required under OSHA's process safety management standard.

    Employee Participation

    • The Employee Participation element is required under the Clean Air Act.
    • The standard requires employers to establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish tasks safely.

    Process Technology Information

    • Maximum inventory limits for process chemicals must be included in the process technology information.
    • Limits beyond which would be considered upset conditions must be included.
    • A qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent must be included.

    Process Hazard Analysis

    • Detailed guidance on the content and application of process hazard analysis methodologies can be obtained from the American Chemical Society.
    • Operating procedures certification needs to be updated annually.

    Pre-Start Up Safety Review

    • Construction of equipment must be in accordance with design specifications.
    • Operating procedures must be in place and adequate.
    • Training must be completed.

    Emergency Action Plan

    • The plan must include an alarm system, evacuation/relocation, and pre-planning for releases.

    Certification

    • Employers must certify that they have evaluated compliance with the provisions of the OSHA standard at least every 3 years.

    Engineering Controls

    • Example of an engineering control: placing a shield between an ionizing radiation source and an employee.

    Point Source Airborne Contaminants

    • General ventilation with a compression of 10 or more is used to control point source airborne contaminants.

    Insurance

    • Stock Insurance Company is a type of insurance company that is profit-motivated.
    • Manufacturers and contractors coverage is used to provide liability coverage for a company engaged in the cleanup of hazardous waste sites.

    Ventilation Design

    • The number of air changes per unit can be obtained by dividing the volumetric flow rate of air in the ventilation system by the room volume.

    Chemical Labels

    • Chemical labels are put on drums of hazardous waste, gas cylinders, and bottles of hazardous chemicals.

    OCP

    • OCP stands for.

    Data Loggers

    • A data logger is an electronic instrument used to take measurements from sensors and store those measurements for future use.
    • Data loggers work with sensors to convert physical phenomena and stimuli into electronic signals.
    • The major benefit of a data logger with industrial hygiene monitoring devices is the ability to take sensor measurements and store the data for future use.

    Safety Data Sheets

    • Safety Data Sheets have 16 sections.
    • OSHA will not enforce sections 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the SDS.

    NFPA 101 Life Safety Code

    • NFPA 101 Life Safety Code classifies buildings/structures based on the hazard of contents:
      • Low Hazard: seldom low combustibility that no self-propagating fire can occur.
      • Ordinary Hazard: likely to burn with moderate rapidity or give off a considerable volume of smoke.
      • High Hazard: likely to burn with extreme rapidity and explosions are likely.

    Atmospheric Testing

    • The proper order of atmospheric testing in a confined space is: Oxygen --> Flammability (10%+ of LFL) --> Toxicity (exceeding PEL).

    Radiation

    • Near-infrared radiation is invisible, feels warm, and ranges from 700nm to 1400nm.
    • Scotoma is a loss of vision in a portion of the visual field resulting from damage to the retina where radiation is absorbed.

    Insurance Coverage

    • Insurance coverage falls into three categories: Property Insurance, Liability Insurance, and Life Insurance.
    • Property Insurance addresses loss exposures relating to property.

    Business Income Coverage

    • Business Income Coverage addresses the loss of income and/or extra expense to operate.
    • The basic BIC form covers three elements of loss exposure: Property, Perils, and Consequences.

    Safety Concepts

    • GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) opens the circuit in 0.02 to 0.03 seconds.
    • Fall arrest systems absorb the energy of an actual fall.
    • Electric arc welding is likely to produce ozone.
    • Welding stainless steel produces ozone.

    Advanced Safety Concepts

    • Hexavalent chromium is developed through certain processes.
    • The total pressure in a closed ventilation system is equal to the sum of velocity pressure and static pressure.
    • The CE mark is used in many products manufactured in Europe, indicating that the product meets health and safety standards.

    Process Safety Management

    • The Process Safety Management standard requires employers to develop and implement an emergency action plan.
    • The plan must include three components: Alarm System, Evacuation/Relocation, and Pre-planning for releases.
    • Employers must certify that they have evaluated compliance with the provisions of the OSHA standard every 3 years.

    Safety Regulations

    • Employers must retain the two most recent compliance audit reports.
    • The Department of Transportation requires that the original copy of the inspection report be retained for 14 months from the inspection.

    Laser and Infrared Concepts

    • Infrared-B wavelength is 1.4 micrometers to 3 micrometers.
    • Far-infrared (IR-C) wavelength is 3 micrometers to 1,000 micrometers.
    • LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

    Electrical and Fire Safety

    • Electrical Bonding is the permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive path.
    • Tagout devices have a minimum unlocking strength of 50 pounds.

    Chemical Hazards

    • Perchloric Acid (HClO4) is commonly used in electroplating and firefighting industries.
    • Sodium Hydroxide can cause considerable heat and produce fire/explosions when mixed with water or solvents.
    • Metal carbonates react with acids to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide.
    • Chemical hazards are generally divided into four groups: toxic, reactive, corrosive, and flammable.

    Safety Procedures

    • Double block and bleed is a procedure used to close a line, duct, or pipe by closing and locking or tagging two in-line valves and by opening and locking or tagging a drain or vent valve in the line between the two closed valves.
    • Line breaking is the intentional opening of a pipe, line, or duct that is or has been carrying flammable, corrosive, or toxic material, an inert gas, or any fluid at a volume, pressure, or temperature capable of causing injury.
    • Inerting is the displacement of the atmosphere in a permit space by a noncombustible gas (such as nitrogen) to such an extent that the resulting atmosphere is non-combustible.

    Air Collection Systems

    • Cyclone Collectors are not suitable for small particles.
    • Electrostatic precipitators are used to remove fine particles from the air.

    Hazardous Materials and Chemicals

    • Class 3B lasers can cause eye injury with a maximum output of 500mW.
    • Class 4 lasers can cause injury to eye and skin, and are also a fire hazard.

    Electrical Bonding

    • Electrical bonding is the permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive path.
    • This ensures electrical continuity and the capacity to conduct safely any current likely to be imposed.

    Tagout Devices and Sodium Hydroxide Hazards

    • Tagout devices require a minimum unlocking strength of 50 pounds.
    • Sodium hydroxide can cause considerable heat when mixed with water or solvents, producing fire/explosions.

    Chemical Reactions and Hazards

    • Metal carbonates react with acids to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide.
    • Chemical hazards are generally divided into four groups: toxic, reactive, corrosive, and flammable.

    Highly Hazardous Chemicals and Process Safety Management

    • Highly hazardous chemicals possess toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties, as specified by OSHA's process safety management standard.
    • The Employee Participation element standard is required under the Clean Air Act.
    • Process technology information must include maximum inventory limits for process chemicals, limits beyond which would be considered upset conditions, and a qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent.

    Process Hazard Analysis and Operating Procedures

    • Detailed guidance on process hazard analysis methodologies can be obtained from the American Chemical Society.
    • Operating procedures certification needs to be updated annually.
    • Employers who use contractors to perform work that involves highly hazardous chemicals must establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish tasks safely.

    Safety Data Sheets and NFPA 101 Life Safety Code

    • Safety Data Sheets have 16 sections.
    • OSHA will not enforce sections 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the SDS.
    • NFPA 101 Life Safety Code classifies buildings/structures based on hazard of contents into Low Hazard, Ordinary Hazard, and High Hazard.

    Atmospheric Testing and Radiation

    • The proper order of atmospheric testing in a confined space is Oxygen, Flammability, and Toxicity.
    • Near-infrared radiation is invisible, feels warm, and has a wavelength of 700nm to 1400nm.
    • Scotoma is a loss of vision in a portion of the visual field resulting from damage to the retina where radiation is absorbed.

    Hazardous Materials and Chemicals

    • Class 3B lasers can cause eye injury with a maximum output of 500mW.
    • Class 4 lasers can cause injury to eye and skin, and are also a fire hazard.

    Electrical Bonding

    • Electrical bonding is the permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive path.
    • This ensures electrical continuity and the capacity to conduct safely any current likely to be imposed.

    Tagout Devices and Sodium Hydroxide Hazards

    • Tagout devices require a minimum unlocking strength of 50 pounds.
    • Sodium hydroxide can cause considerable heat when mixed with water or solvents, producing fire/explosions.

    Chemical Reactions and Hazards

    • Metal carbonates react with acids to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide.
    • Chemical hazards are generally divided into four groups: toxic, reactive, corrosive, and flammable.

    Highly Hazardous Chemicals and Process Safety Management

    • Highly hazardous chemicals possess toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties, as specified by OSHA's process safety management standard.
    • The Employee Participation element standard is required under the Clean Air Act.
    • Process technology information must include maximum inventory limits for process chemicals, limits beyond which would be considered upset conditions, and a qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent.

    Process Hazard Analysis and Operating Procedures

    • Detailed guidance on process hazard analysis methodologies can be obtained from the American Chemical Society.
    • Operating procedures certification needs to be updated annually.
    • Employers who use contractors to perform work that involves highly hazardous chemicals must establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish tasks safely.

    Safety Data Sheets and NFPA 101 Life Safety Code

    • Safety Data Sheets have 16 sections.
    • OSHA will not enforce sections 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the SDS.
    • NFPA 101 Life Safety Code classifies buildings/structures based on hazard of contents into Low Hazard, Ordinary Hazard, and High Hazard.

    Atmospheric Testing and Radiation

    • The proper order of atmospheric testing in a confined space is Oxygen, Flammability, and Toxicity.
    • Near-infrared radiation is invisible, feels warm, and has a wavelength of 700nm to 1400nm.
    • Scotoma is a loss of vision in a portion of the visual field resulting from damage to the retina where radiation is absorbed.

    Hazardous Materials and Chemicals

    • Class 3B lasers can cause eye injury with a maximum output of 500mW.
    • Class 4 lasers can cause injury to eye and skin, and are also a fire hazard.

    Electrical Bonding

    • Electrical bonding is the permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive path.
    • This ensures electrical continuity and the capacity to conduct safely any current likely to be imposed.

    Tagout Devices and Sodium Hydroxide Hazards

    • Tagout devices require a minimum unlocking strength of 50 pounds.
    • Sodium hydroxide can cause considerable heat when mixed with water or solvents, producing fire/explosions.

    Chemical Reactions and Hazards

    • Metal carbonates react with acids to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide.
    • Chemical hazards are generally divided into four groups: toxic, reactive, corrosive, and flammable.

    Highly Hazardous Chemicals and Process Safety Management

    • Highly hazardous chemicals possess toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties, as specified by OSHA's process safety management standard.
    • The Employee Participation element standard is required under the Clean Air Act.
    • Process technology information must include maximum inventory limits for process chemicals, limits beyond which would be considered upset conditions, and a qualitative estimate of the consequences or results of deviations from design intent.

    Process Hazard Analysis and Operating Procedures

    • Detailed guidance on process hazard analysis methodologies can be obtained from the American Chemical Society.
    • Operating procedures certification needs to be updated annually.
    • Employers who use contractors to perform work that involves highly hazardous chemicals must establish a screening process to hire contractors who can accomplish tasks safely.

    Safety Data Sheets and NFPA 101 Life Safety Code

    • Safety Data Sheets have 16 sections.
    • OSHA will not enforce sections 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the SDS.
    • NFPA 101 Life Safety Code classifies buildings/structures based on hazard of contents into Low Hazard, Ordinary Hazard, and High Hazard.

    Atmospheric Testing and Radiation

    • The proper order of atmospheric testing in a confined space is Oxygen, Flammability, and Toxicity.
    • Near-infrared radiation is invisible, feels warm, and has a wavelength of 700nm to 1400nm.
    • Scotoma is a loss of vision in a portion of the visual field resulting from damage to the retina where radiation is absorbed.

    Advanced Safety Concepts

    • In the event of a crash, impact energies remain below the threshold likely to produce either death or serious injury.
    • A shield is an example of an engineering control used to place a barrier between an ionizing radiation source and an employee.
    • Stock Insurance Company is a profit-motivated insurance company.

    Insurance Coverage

    • Manufacturers and contractors coverage provides liability coverage for a company engaged in the cleanup of hazardous waste sites.

    Ventilation Design

    • The number of air changes per unit can be obtained by dividing the volumetric flow rate of air in the ventilation system by the room volume.

    Hazardous Materials

    • Chemical labels are put on drums of hazardous waste, gas cylinders, and bottles of hazardous chemicals.
    • OCP stands for (no definition provided).

    Permeation and Osmosis

    • Permeation is the sorption of the chemical into the surface of the material, diffusion through the material, and desorption on the opposite side.
    • Osmosis is the process where molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated to a more concentrated area.

    Convection

    • Convection is the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, resulting in the transfer of heat.

    Respiratory Protection

    • Full-face respirator protection factor is 1,000 when used in positive-pressure mode.
    • SCBA protection factor is 10,000 when used in positive-pressure mode.
    • Particulate respirators are required for grinding operations.

    Electrical Safety

    • NFPA 70 (NEC) categorizes hazardous locations into Class I (flammable gases/vapors/liquids), Class II (combustible dust), and Class III (location).

    Dam Safety

    • Indicators of seepage through the core wall on the downstream side of an earthen impounding reservoir water collection dam/berm include exposed gravel showing on the downstream slope.

    Structural Safety

    • Steel in concrete should be placed where two supports are low.
    • A GFCI trips in 1/40th of a second.

    FMEA and FTA

    • FMEA requires more time than FTA.

    Fan and Ventilation Systems

    • Fan speed is directly related to CFM.
    • TP/SP is equal to the square of the fan speed.
    • HP is equal to the cube of the fan speed.

    Cut Sets and System Failure

    • A cut set is a point(s) at which the system can be cut to ensure non-operation.

    Gas Detection and Measurement

    • To convert LEL % to parts per million, multiply by a million.

    Lighting and Illumination

    • Minimum foot-candles for general construction are 5.
    • First-aid stations require 30 foot-candles.

    Chemical Testing

    • Filters + Impingers and Visible Absorption Spectrometry are used to test for formaldehyde.

    Organophosphates

    • No definition provided.

    Blood Testing

    • When testing for cholinesterase inhibitors, look for changes in the blood.

    Lockout and Tagout

    • Double block and bleed involves closing and locking or tagging two in-line valves and opening and locking or tagging a drain or vent valve in the line between the two closed valves.

    Line Breaking

    • Line breaking involves the intentional opening of a pipe, line, or duct that is or has been carrying flammable, corrosive, or toxic material, an inert gas, or any fluid at a volume, pressure, or temperature capable of causing injury.

    Inerting

    • Inerting involves the displacement of the atmosphere in a permit space by a noncombustible gas (such as nitrogen) to such an extent that the resulting atmosphere is non-combustible.

    Hazardous Substances

    • Potassium is a water reactive substance that creates heat and gases when exposed to water.
    • Perchloric acid should be kept at a cool or room temperature environment.

    Dipping and Coating Operations

    • The vapor area must keep airborne concentration of any substance below 25% of its LFL.

    Management of Change

    • Written procedures are required to manage changes or modified process chemicals, technology, equipment, procedures, and facilities.

    Air Collection Systems

    • Cyclone collectors are used for air collection, but are not suitable for small particles.
    • Electrostatic precipitators are used to remove fine particles from the air.

    Particle Size and Measurement

    • Coarse particles or dust are 2,500-10,000 nm.
    • Fine particles or particulate matter are 100-2,500 nm.
    • Nanoparticles are 1-100 nm.
    • Atoms and small molecules are 0.1 nm or less.

    Ladder Safety

    • The top of a fixed ladder must extend beyond 3.5 feet when reaching a landing.
    • There must be 7 inches of clearance behind the ladder for rungs, or grab bars, or both.
    • There must be a clear width of at least 15 inches on each side of the ladder.
    • There must be a minimum clear distance of 30 inches on the climbing side.

    Fire Suppression

    • FM (Factory Mutual) certification is found on fire suppression products.

    Control Systems

    • Active control requires the worker to "do something" before system use, continuously or periodically during system operation, in order for the control to work and avoid injury.
    • Passive control is a control that works without requiring the continuous or periodic involvement or action of system users.

    Fall Arrest Systems

    • Anchorages to which personal fall arrest equipment is attached shall be capable of supporting at least 5,000 lbs.

    Insurance Coverage

    • Property insurance addresses loss exposures related to property
    • Liability insurance addresses loss exposures related to legal liability
    • Business income coverage addresses loss of income and extra expenses to operate

    Loss Exposures

    • Basic BIC form covers three elements: Property, Perils, and Consequences
    • Perils are defined as serious and immediate danger

    Advanced Safety Concepts

    • GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) opens the circuit in 0.02 to 0.03 seconds
    • Fall arrest system absorbs the energy of an actual fall
    • Electric arc welding is likely to produce ozone

    Ventilation Systems

    • Total pressure in a closed ventilation system is equal to the sum of velocity pressure and static pressure

    Product Markings

    • CE marking is used in many products manufactured in Europe, indicating that the product meets health and safety standards

    Web and Computer Concepts

    • URL stands for Universal Resource Locator, a unique address on the internet
    • HTTP stands for Hyper Text Transport Protocol, which includes hypertext links, images, and text
    • Web browser features include displaying files in native Portable Document Format (PDF)
    • UNIX workstations are used for CPU-intensive applications
    • Advantages of peer-to-peer networks include being inexpensive, simple, and having decentralized control

    Scientific Concepts

    • A spectrometer measures the transmission of liquids or solids as a function of wavelength, absorption of liquids or solids as a function of wavelength, and splits the beam into two parts
    • Hexavalent chromium is developed through a process
    • Water solubility is the maximum concentration of a solute that can be carried in water under equilibrium

    Safety Regulations

    • OSHA regulates compressed gas breathing air, including Grade D
    • NIOSH Carcinogenicity classification includes Group 1 (carcinogenic), Group 2A (probably carcinogenic), Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic), Group 3 (unclassifiable), and Group 4 (probably not carcinogenic)
    • PSM (Process Safety Management) investigations must be done within 48 hours

    Crane Operations

    • The rated load of a crane should not exceed the original capacity specified by the manufacturer

    Radiation Safety

    • Absorbed dose is the amount of radiation absorbed by an object or person, measured in rad and gray (gy)
    • Dose equivalent combines the amount of radiation absorbed and the medical effects of that type of radiation, measured in rem and sievert (sv)
    • The order of testing atmosphere in a confined space is oxygen, flammables, and toxic

    Employer Responsibilities

    • More than one employer can be cited on a multi-employer worksite
    • The exposing employer can be cited for General Duty Clause
    • The creating employer is the employer that caused a hazardous condition that violates an OSHA standard
    • The correcting employer is an employer who is engaged in a common undertaking on the same worksite and is responsible for correcting a hazard

    Advanced Safety Concepts

    • The basic Business Interruption Coverage (BIC) form covers three elements: Property, Perils, and Consequences.

    • Perils refer to serious and immediate danger.

    • Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI) open the circuit in 0.02 to 0.03 seconds.

    • Fall arrest systems absorb the energy of an actual fall.

    • Electric arc welding is likely to produce ozone.

    • Hexavalent chromium is developed through welding stainless steel.

    • In a closed ventilation system, the total pressure is equal to the sum of velocity pressure and static pressure.

    • The CE marking is used in many products manufactured in Europe, indicating that the product meets the health and safety standards.

    • CE stands for Conformité Européene (Conformity Europe).

    • Professional liability insurance helps protect individuals and companies that provide professional advice and services from bearing the full cost of defending against a negligence claim made by a client.

    Fire Safety

    • One of the elements required to set a fire is the suspension of particles in the air.

    • The Illuminating Engineering Society provides recommended levels of illumination.

    Respiratory Protection

    • Closed Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) recirculates breathing air, purifies it, and adds fresh oxygen.

    • Open Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) provides air via a high-pressure tank and exhausts exhaled air to the atmosphere.

    • Air purifying respirators must not be used in atmospheres containing equipment.

    Electrical Safety

    • Fail-safe design for a spare pump system involves the activation of a spare pump on failure of the cooling water pump.

    • Electrical bonding eliminates the potential difference between two conductors.

    • Arching refers to the flow of electrons through the air.

    • Hydrogen gas can be produced during charging of lead batteries.

    • Conductive clothing is preferable for control of electrostatic hazards.

    Hazards and Risk Assessment

    • Types of severity include negligible, marginal, catastrophic (death), and critical (permanent disability).

    • Types of effects from combining chemicals include synergistic, additive, antagonistic, and potentiating.

    • BLEVE stands for Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion.

    • NaOH corrodes easily with aluminum, lead, and zinc.

    • Ames test measures mutagenicity.

    • The UN labeling system provides information about the packaging and the material the packaging is made of.

    • NIOSH recommends derating the NRR of hearing protection by subtracting 25% for earmuffs, 50% for formable ear plugs, and 75% for all other earplugs.

    Radiation Safety

    • Ci stands for Curie, and Bq stands for Becquerel.

    • Radioactivity refers to the amount of ionizing radiation released by a material.

    • Exposure describes the amount of radiation traveling through the air.

    • The units of measure for radioactivity are Ci and Bq, and the units of measure for exposure are R and C/kg.

    • R stands for Roentgen, and C/kg stands for Coulombs per kilogram.

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    Test your knowledge on OSHA regulations and fundamental physics concepts. This quiz covers topics such as respirator use, stress, and shoring.

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