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What are the objectives of this content on Upper Extremity Conditions?
Consider normal UE anatomy, identify common distal UE conditions, discuss joint mobility importance, describe nerve innervation patterns, discuss edema significance, and talk about UE injuries.
Which of the following muscles are part of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Fractures of the distal humerus often require surgical repair.
True
____ is an overuse injury affecting the inside of the elbow, primarily seen in youth with open growth plates.
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Match the following hand conditions with their descriptions:
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What is a common symptom of a hand fracture?
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Which nerve is associated with symptoms such as difficulty in releasing objects and numbness/tingling along the back of the hand?
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Ulnar nerve palsy can result in a claw-like deformity of the hand in severe cases.
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What is the common name for Dupuytren disease?
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A ganglion cyst can grow from the lining of a joint and is filled with ________.
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Match the following circulatory disorder descriptions with their conditions:
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Study Notes
Upper Extremity Conditions Part 1
Bones, Muscles, and Movements of the Upper Extremity
- The upper extremity consists of bones, muscles, and joints that work together to provide a range of motion
- Bones of the elbow, wrist, and hand:
- Elbow: humerus, radius, and ulna
- Wrist: carpal bones
- Hand: metacarpals, phalanges
- Muscles of the forearm:
- Anterior compartment: pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor digitorum profundus
- Posterior compartment: extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor indicis, and extensor digiti minimi
- Thumb muscles: thenar muscles (opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, and adductor pollicis) and extrinsic muscles (extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and abductor pollicis longus)
- Movements of the upper extremity:
- Elbow: flexion, extension
- Forearm: supination, pronation
- Wrist: flexion, extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation
- Hand: finger flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
- Thumb: flexion, extension, abduction, and opposition
Nerves of the Upper Extremity
- Brachial plexus: a network of nerves that originates in the neck and shoulder region
- Terminal nerves:
- Axillary nerve
- Musculocutaneous nerve
- Radial nerve
- Median nerve
- Ulnar nerve
- Sensory patterns:
- Axillary nerve: shoulder and upper arm
- Musculocutaneous nerve: forearm and hand
- Radial nerve: back of the hand and fingers
- Median nerve: palmar surface of the hand and fingers
- Ulnar nerve: ulnar aspect of the hand and fingers
Conditions of the Upper Extremity
- Elbow conditions:
- Fractures: radial head and neck fractures, olecranon fractures, and distal humerus fractures
- Instabilities: elbow instability, Little League elbow
- Wrist and hand conditions:
- Fractures: distal radius fracture, wrist fracture, and hand fracture
- Tendon injuries: flexor tendon injuries, extensor tendon injuries, and nerve injuries
- Nerve injuries: radial nerve palsy, ulnar nerve palsy, and median nerve injury
- Other conditions: Dupuytren's contracture, ganglion cysts, and Gamekeeper's thumb
Circulatory Conditions
- Raynaud's disease: a rare disorder that causes blood vessels to narrow in response to cold or stress
- Edema: swelling due to excess fluid in the tissues, often caused by injury, infection, or inflammatory conditions
Medical Interventions
- Assessment: evaluation of the upper extremity to identify the underlying condition
- Therapeutic intervention: treatment of the upper extremity condition, which may include physical therapy, surgery, and medications
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Description
This quiz covers normal upper extremity anatomy, movement patterns, common distal UE conditions, and management of these conditions. It also discusses joint mobility and sensory and motor innervation patterns of the three major nerves.
