Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which virtue emphasizes understanding brought to action that is most helpful in patient care?
Which virtue emphasizes understanding brought to action that is most helpful in patient care?
Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Focal Virtues in perioperative nursing?
Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Focal Virtues in perioperative nursing?
What ethical value emphasizes the importance of maintaining the dignity of patients and respecting life?
What ethical value emphasizes the importance of maintaining the dignity of patients and respecting life?
Which practice standard focuses on collaboration with multidisciplinary team members for safe patient care?
Which practice standard focuses on collaboration with multidisciplinary team members for safe patient care?
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In perioperative nursing, which focal virtue is characterized by an active regard for the best interests of the patient?
In perioperative nursing, which focal virtue is characterized by an active regard for the best interests of the patient?
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What is the main advantage of using Intramedullary (IM) rods over plate/screw fixation in fracture management?
What is the main advantage of using Intramedullary (IM) rods over plate/screw fixation in fracture management?
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In which scenario would the modular method of a Bilateral Total Hip Replacement be particularly beneficial?
In which scenario would the modular method of a Bilateral Total Hip Replacement be particularly beneficial?
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Which is NOT a characteristic of arthroscopy as mentioned in the content?
Which is NOT a characteristic of arthroscopy as mentioned in the content?
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Which ligaments enhance the stability of the knee joint?
Which ligaments enhance the stability of the knee joint?
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What type of surgical approach is characterized as 'closed reduction' despite having small incision sites?
What type of surgical approach is characterized as 'closed reduction' despite having small incision sites?
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What key feature differentiates bipolar implants from unipolar implants in hip replacements?
What key feature differentiates bipolar implants from unipolar implants in hip replacements?
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Which of the following is considered the 'gold standard' for managing subtrochanteric fractures?
Which of the following is considered the 'gold standard' for managing subtrochanteric fractures?
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What is a primary benefit of arthroscopic surgery in joint treatment?
What is a primary benefit of arthroscopic surgery in joint treatment?
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During the preparation for a Total Hip Replacement, which component is prepared first?
During the preparation for a Total Hip Replacement, which component is prepared first?
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What is the primary function of ligaments in the skeletal system?
What is the primary function of ligaments in the skeletal system?
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Which type of bone tissue is characterized by its hard, outer shell structure?
Which type of bone tissue is characterized by its hard, outer shell structure?
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What is the correct sequence of instruments used to fixate a bone after a fracture?
What is the correct sequence of instruments used to fixate a bone after a fracture?
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In bone grafting, what is an autograft?
In bone grafting, what is an autograft?
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Which of the following statements about cancellous bone is true?
Which of the following statements about cancellous bone is true?
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At what stage does the epiphyseal plate become non-functional?
At what stage does the epiphyseal plate become non-functional?
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What is the role of the synovial membrane in joints?
What is the role of the synovial membrane in joints?
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Which of the following best describes the periosteum?
Which of the following best describes the periosteum?
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What is the primary purpose of Raney clips in neurosurgery?
What is the primary purpose of Raney clips in neurosurgery?
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Which surgical instrument is primarily used for suturing the dura mater?
Which surgical instrument is primarily used for suturing the dura mater?
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Which positioning device is designed to prevent head movement during neurosurgery?
Which positioning device is designed to prevent head movement during neurosurgery?
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What is the appropriate action for maintaining a count during neurosurgery?
What is the appropriate action for maintaining a count during neurosurgery?
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What type of flap maintains its original blood supply intact?
What type of flap maintains its original blood supply intact?
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What is the function of neuro patties in neurosurgery?
What is the function of neuro patties in neurosurgery?
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What type of instruments are typically used in neurosurgery to access highly vascular areas?
What type of instruments are typically used in neurosurgery to access highly vascular areas?
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Which interventions are critical for patients undergoing lengthy neurosurgery procedures?
Which interventions are critical for patients undergoing lengthy neurosurgery procedures?
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What is the primary purpose of skin meshers in plastic surgery?
What is the primary purpose of skin meshers in plastic surgery?
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What type of hemostatic agent is Floseal considered?
What type of hemostatic agent is Floseal considered?
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What is one of the primary goals of dressings used in burn surgery?
What is one of the primary goals of dressings used in burn surgery?
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Which characteristic distinguishes a Full Thickness Skin Graft (FTSG) from a Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG)?
Which characteristic distinguishes a Full Thickness Skin Graft (FTSG) from a Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG)?
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What is the risk associated with maintaining a warm surgical room during burn surgery?
What is the risk associated with maintaining a warm surgical room during burn surgery?
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What does the recipient area need to ensure for a skin graft to successfully survive?
What does the recipient area need to ensure for a skin graft to successfully survive?
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Which of the following statements about the donor site of a Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG) is correct?
Which of the following statements about the donor site of a Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG) is correct?
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Which type of cataract surgery involves the controlled rupture of the anterior capsule?
Which type of cataract surgery involves the controlled rupture of the anterior capsule?
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What complication can arise from using a Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG)?
What complication can arise from using a Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG)?
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What is the primary characteristic of a cataract?
What is the primary characteristic of a cataract?
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What is a major advantage of Full Thickness Skin Grafts (FTSG) compared to Split Thickness Skin Grafts (STSG)?
What is a major advantage of Full Thickness Skin Grafts (FTSG) compared to Split Thickness Skin Grafts (STSG)?
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Which method for cataract extraction is considered rare due to its invasiveness?
Which method for cataract extraction is considered rare due to its invasiveness?
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Study Notes
Orthopedics Surgery - Anatomy
- Muscles enable movement by covering bones in the skeletal system.
- Ligaments connect bone to bone, providing joint stability.
- Tendons attach muscles to bones or cartilage, transmitting force.
- Cartilage, an elastic tissue, provides support at bone ends.
- Joints are connections between bones, allowing for flexibility and movement.
Bone Tissue and Blood Supply
- Two types of bone tissue:
- Cortical bone: hard outer bone that supports tissue.
- Cancellous bone: soft, spongy tissue found in specific bones (e.g., iliac crest, tibia) containing red bone marrow.
- Long bones consist of:
- Diaphysis: the shaft of the bone.
- Epiphysis: the ends of the bone, composed of cancellous bone.
- Epiphyseal plate is the cartilage line separating diaphysis from epiphysis until skeletal maturity.
- Periosteum, a connective tissue layer, covers all bones.
- Synovial membrane lines articulating surfaces of joints.
Bone Fixation Instruments
- Sequence for bone fixation includes:
- Stabilizing bone with a holder.
- Drilling a hole for screw insertion.
- Tapping the hole for screw stability.
- Measuring depth for screw length.
- Inserting screw with screwdriver.
Minor Count Protocol
- Minor count completed for orthopedic cases includes Initial, Closing, and Final counts.
Bone Grafts
- Bone grafts fill cavities after extensive bone removal, promote fracture union, and fill defects.
- Allograft: sourced from a tissue bank.
- Autografts: harvested from the patient, often from the iliac crest, containing cortical and cancellous bone.
- Cancellous bone is harvested for its spongy, vascular properties.
Hip Replacement Procedures
- Unipolar and bipolar prosthetic designs for hip replacements.
- Bilateral total hip replacement uses a modular method to ensure leg symmetry.
- Acetabulum prepared first followed by femur.
Intramedullary Fixation
- Intramedullary rods, nails, and pins stabilize fractured bones (femur, humerus, tibia) via fluoroscopy.
- Procedures considered closed reduction despite small incisions.
- Systems include "Nancy," "Russell-Taylor," and "Gamma."
Arthroscopy Surgery
- Commonly performed on knee, shoulder, and wrist joints for diagnostic and surgical purposes.
- Uses a scope for joint visualization and normal saline for joint distention.
- Benefits include reduced recovery time, smaller incisions, and decreased post-operative complications.
Neurosurgery Considerations
- Neurosurgery requires specific positioning to prevent head movement.
- Common positions: supine, lateral, prone.
- Important instruments: Love Adson, bayoneted instruments, clip appliers.
- Special care for patient padding due to long surgeries (3-8 hours) and high blood loss risk.
Plastic Surgery - Skin Grafting Techniques
- Dermatomes used for split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) with mineral oil availability.
- Skin meshers create slits in grafts to facilitate coverage.
- Flap types:
- Pedicle flaps maintain original arterial supply.
- Free flaps involve reanastomosis of severed blood vessels.
Burn Surgery Considerations
- Warm operating room necessary to prevent hypothermia.
- Successful graft requires maintained contact and adequate vascularity.
- Dressings must immobilize, apply pressure, collect drainage, provide comfort, and protect.
Types of Skin Grafts
- Split Thickness Skin Graft (STSG): quick recovery, can be meshed, but aesthetics may be compromised, and skin contractures can develop.
- Full Thickness Skin Graft (FTSG): provides better aesthetics, minimizes contractures, but donor site can't be reused once closed.
Ophthalmology - Cataracts and Surgery
- Cataracts result in clouding of the eye lens.
- Two extraction methods:
- Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE), where the lens cortex is expressed while the posterior capsule remains.
- Intra Capsular Cataract Extraction (ICCE) involves removal within the capsule rarely performed with dislocated lenses.
Five Focal Virtues in Nursing
- Compassion: prioritize patient interests.
- Discernment: act with understanding and judgment.
- Trustworthiness: build relationships with patients.
- Integrity: respect dignity in practice.
- Conscientiousness: ensure unbiased, patient-first actions.
CNO Ethical Values
- Client well-being, choice, privacy, life respect, commitments, truthfulness, fairness are essential in perioperative care.
Perioperative Nurse Practice Standards
- Knowledge from nursing and sciences.
- Effective clinical decision-making using nursing processes.
- Accountability and professionalism in care delivery.
- Collaboration with multidisciplinary teams for safe patient care.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy relevant to orthopedics surgery. This quiz covers crucial topics like muscles, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and joints, as well as the bone tissue and blood supply related to these structures. Enhance your understanding of how these components work together in the skeletal system.
