40 Questions
What injury mechanism is commonly associated with ACL rupture?
Landing on a leg and quickly pivoting
Where does the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) originate from?
Deep within the notch of the distal femur
What is the primary purpose of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)?
To stabilize the knee joint by preventing posterior tibial subluxation
Which test is used to assess the lateral collateral ligament?
Valgus stress test
What is the purpose of McMurray’s test?
To assess menisci injury
Which test is used to assess ACL laxity or rupture?
Lateral and medial ligament tests
What is the main focus of Mr. Georgios Arealis' specialization?
Shoulder and Upper Limb
What is the position of the patient for the Apprehension test?
Sitting position
How is the patient positioned for McMurray's test?
Supine with the involved knee extended
In the examination process, what is the first step after washing hands and introducing oneself to the patient?
General inspection, including walking aids around bedside
What is the angle of knee flexion for the Apprehension test?
30 degrees
What does significant anterior movement of the tibia on the femur suggest?
ACL laxity or rupture
What is a potential risk factor for osteoarthritis mentioned in the text?
High BMI
In the Active Straight Leg Raise Test, what position should the patient be in?
Supine position
What is the purpose of Clarke's Sign / Patellar Grind Test?
To assess ACL laxity
What does 'heamarthrosis' refer to in the context of the examination findings?
Bruising
What should the patient try to do during the Active Straight Leg Raise Test?
Raise both legs above 20cm without bending the knee
How is the tibia positioned during the Lateral and medial ligament tests?
Externally rotated
Which university is Mr. Georgios Arealis affiliated with as a visiting professor?
Canterbury Christchurch University
What is a common pathological condition mentioned in the text related to ACL injuries?
Meniscal tear
What is the purpose of the posterior sag sign in assessing knee injuries?
To assess the integrity of the posterior cruciate ligament
In the anterior drawer test, how should the examiner position the patient?
Supine with the knee flexed to 90º
What does significant movement during the anterior drawer test suggest?
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) laxity or rupture
What does the posterior drawer test primarily assess?
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) laxity or rupture
When is Lachman’s test considered an alternative assessment for ACL injury?
In OSCE scenarios
What is the most likely cause of a positive patellar tap test?
Large quantities of knee effusion
Which condition is associated with the loss of quadriceps bulk after ACL surgery?
Baker's cyst
What technique is used to assess for smaller quantities of knee effusion?
Sweep test
What is the characteristic feature of a positive sweep test for knee effusion?
Small wave or bulge on the medial aspect of the knee
Which factor can contribute to hypermobility in the context of ACL injuries?
Congenital valgus knee
What is the significance of feeling a gap during palpation of the knee?
Indicates patellar instability
What is the most likely cause of pain at the tibial tuberosity during knee palpation?
Osgood Schlatter disease
What does the presence of a swelling in the popliteal fossa during palpation indicate?
Popliteal aneurysm
What might be indicated by pain at the joint line during knee palpation?
Meniscal injury
What is the potential cause of developing tension in the muscles of the leg during patella mobilization?
Patella instability
What does a palpable swelling above or below the joint line indicate during knee palpation?
Meniscal injury
What are the potential causes of a pulsatile mass in the popliteal fossa?
Popliteal aneurysm
What might be indicated by pain at the tibial tuberosity during knee palpation?
Osgood Schlatter disease
What is a potential cause of pain at the tibial tuberosity during knee palpation?
Osgood Schlatter disease
What is typically indicated by developing tension in the muscles of the leg as you begin to mobilise the patella?
Patella instability
Test your knowledge of orthopedic knee assessment with this quiz covering topics such as varus knee, patella dislocation, Baker's cyst, and more.
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