Orthopedic Knee Assessment

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Questions and Answers

What injury mechanism is commonly associated with ACL rupture?

  • Landing on a leg and quickly pivoting (correct)
  • Posterior drawer test
  • Hyperflexion of the knee joint
  • Valgus stress test

Where does the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) originate from?

  • Deep within the notch of the distal femur (correct)
  • Posterior region of the intercondylar area
  • Intercondylar area of the tibia
  • Lateral edge of the medial femoral condyle

What is the primary purpose of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)?

  • To insert in the anterior region of the intercondylar area of the tibia
  • To prevent valgus twisting injury
  • To stabilize the knee joint by preventing posterior tibial subluxation (correct)
  • To stabilize the knee joint by preventing anterior tibial subluxation

Which test is used to assess the lateral collateral ligament?

<p>Valgus stress test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of McMurray’s test?

<p>To assess menisci injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to assess ACL laxity or rupture?

<p>Lateral and medial ligament tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Mr. Georgios Arealis' specialization?

<p>Shoulder and Upper Limb (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the patient for the Apprehension test?

<p>Sitting position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the patient positioned for McMurray's test?

<p>Supine with the involved knee extended (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the examination process, what is the first step after washing hands and introducing oneself to the patient?

<p>General inspection, including walking aids around bedside (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle of knee flexion for the Apprehension test?

<p>30 degrees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does significant anterior movement of the tibia on the femur suggest?

<p>ACL laxity or rupture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk factor for osteoarthritis mentioned in the text?

<p>High BMI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Active Straight Leg Raise Test, what position should the patient be in?

<p>Supine position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Clarke's Sign / Patellar Grind Test?

<p>To assess ACL laxity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'heamarthrosis' refer to in the context of the examination findings?

<p>Bruising (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the patient try to do during the Active Straight Leg Raise Test?

<p>Raise both legs above 20cm without bending the knee (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the tibia positioned during the Lateral and medial ligament tests?

<p>Externally rotated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which university is Mr. Georgios Arealis affiliated with as a visiting professor?

<p>Canterbury Christchurch University (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common pathological condition mentioned in the text related to ACL injuries?

<p>Meniscal tear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the posterior sag sign in assessing knee injuries?

<p>To assess the integrity of the posterior cruciate ligament (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the anterior drawer test, how should the examiner position the patient?

<p>Supine with the knee flexed to 90º (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does significant movement during the anterior drawer test suggest?

<p>Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) laxity or rupture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the posterior drawer test primarily assess?

<p>Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) laxity or rupture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is Lachman’s test considered an alternative assessment for ACL injury?

<p>In OSCE scenarios (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of a positive patellar tap test?

<p>Large quantities of knee effusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with the loss of quadriceps bulk after ACL surgery?

<p>Baker's cyst (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique is used to assess for smaller quantities of knee effusion?

<p>Sweep test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of a positive sweep test for knee effusion?

<p>Small wave or bulge on the medial aspect of the knee (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can contribute to hypermobility in the context of ACL injuries?

<p>Congenital valgus knee (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of feeling a gap during palpation of the knee?

<p>Indicates patellar instability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of pain at the tibial tuberosity during knee palpation?

<p>Osgood Schlatter disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of a swelling in the popliteal fossa during palpation indicate?

<p>Popliteal aneurysm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be indicated by pain at the joint line during knee palpation?

<p>Meniscal injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential cause of developing tension in the muscles of the leg during patella mobilization?

<p>Patella instability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a palpable swelling above or below the joint line indicate during knee palpation?

<p>Meniscal injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential causes of a pulsatile mass in the popliteal fossa?

<p>Popliteal aneurysm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be indicated by pain at the tibial tuberosity during knee palpation?

<p>Osgood Schlatter disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential cause of pain at the tibial tuberosity during knee palpation?

<p>Osgood Schlatter disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically indicated by developing tension in the muscles of the leg as you begin to mobilise the patella?

<p>Patella instability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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