Origin of Life on Earth
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Questions and Answers

What is the proposed origin of mitochondria and plastids?

  • They evolved independently within the eukaryotic cells
  • They were created through a process of cellular division within eukaryotic cells
  • They originated from the endosymbiotic relationship between two eukaryotic cells
  • They were formerly small prokaryotes living within larger host cells (correct)
  • What event is associated with the sudden appearance of fossils resembling modern animal phyla in the Cambrian period?

  • The Cambrian explosion (correct)
  • The Colonization of Land
  • The Oxygen Revolution
  • The Extinction Event
  • What marks the most widespread and diverse land animals including arthropods and tetrapods?

  • The Oxygen Revolution
  • Extinction Event
  • Colonization of Land (correct)
  • The Cambrian explosion
  • When did the human lineage of tetrapods evolve?

    <p>Around 6-7 million years ago</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused the extinction of many prokaryotic groups that could NOT adapt to increased atmospheric O2 levels?

    <p>Accumulation of oxygen produced by oxygenic photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic shared by mitochondria and plastids as evidence of the endosymbiotic theory?

    <p>Utilization of electron transport enzyme similar to prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proposed age of the oldest fossils of eukaryotic cells?

    <p>1.8 billion years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process caused the accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere from about 2.7 to 2.4 billion years ago?

    <p>Oxygenic photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the driving force behind the Cambrian explosion?

    <p>The evolution of novel characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the endosymbiont theory in the evolution of eukaryotic cells?

    <p>It proposes that mitochondria and plastids were formerly small prokaryotes living within larger host cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event can open habitats that may result in adaptive radiation?

    <p>Mass extinctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prokaryotes were Earth’s sole inhabitants for more than 1.5 billion years.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rise of oxygen in the atmosphere from about 2.7 to 2.4 billion years ago caused the 'oxygen revolution'.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Cambrian explosion refers to the sudden appearance of fossils resembling modern plant phyla.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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