Organizational Behavior Overview

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Questions and Answers

What primarily influences the development of shared values according to the content?

Nature

Genetics

Environment

Nurture (correct)

In the context of personality, which factor is associated with being organized?

Agreeableness

Conscientiousness (correct)

Neuroticism

Openness

How are values described in the content?

Specific preferences

Direct emotions

Concrete actions

Abstract concepts (correct)

What role do values play in decision-making?

They provide a framework for decisions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the five factors in the personality model mentioned?

Pragmatism Signup and view all the answers

What is ethics primarily concerned with?

Moral principles and values Signup and view all the answers

Which personality factor relates to the sociability of individuals?

Extraversion Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested by the term 'value congruence'?

The extent to which individuals share similar values Signup and view all the answers

What element is mentioned as a possible persistent energy source?

Ammonium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors might influence how long people can sustain their effort?

Amount of energy expended Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as a method for filling gaps in our lives?

Engaging in brain activities Signup and view all the answers

How is the relationship between energy and effort characterized?

Energy directly impacts the duration of effort Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of human behavior is highlighted in relation to persistence?

Mental fortitude Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy can help improve energy management?

Resting intermittently Signup and view all the answers

What could potentially disrupt sustained effort according to the recognized factors?

Distractions Signup and view all the answers

What outcome may result from improving one's brain activity?

Enhanced creativity Signup and view all the answers

What is the main issue that arises when teasing occurs in a task?

Development of conflict within the group Signup and view all the answers

How does distributing information effectively impact team dynamics?

It reduces the likelihood of misunderstandings. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following outcomes is primarily caused by ineffective communication?

Emergence of conflict Signup and view all the answers

What consequence is likely if conflicts are not addressed promptly in a team setting?

Worsening of the conflict situation Signup and view all the answers

How can teasing negatively influence group interactions?

By creating divisions among members Signup and view all the answers

When is the development of conflict most likely to occur in a team?

When communication is lacking Signup and view all the answers

What can be a beneficial approach to mitigate conflicts in a team environment?

Addressing issues collaboratively Signup and view all the answers

What role does teasing play in team effectiveness?

It hampers group effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of structures described in the provided content?

They typically display complex patterns. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT likely a focus in the description of these structures?

The historical context of the structures. Signup and view all the answers

In understanding complex structures, what is typically emphasized?

The interaction of various components. Signup and view all the answers

Which term best relates to the integration of aspects in the content?

Convergence Signup and view all the answers

What role does functionality play in the assessment of the described structures?

Functionality is integrated with design. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is crucial to analyzing complex structures?

The interdependence of their elements. Signup and view all the answers

How should one approach learning about various structures?

Consider all aspects and their relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What might be an important factor in the design of a structure?

Accommodating user interaction. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of personality traits is highlighted in relation to moral sensitivity?

Internally caused behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is associated with workplaces that favor extroverted behavior?

Enhanced social interactions Signup and view all the answers

In discussing moral intensity, which statement is true?

It varies depending on specific circumstances. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is least likely to influence moral decision making?

Market trends Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'compare our currents' imply in the context of ethical decision-making?

We analyze our behavior relative to others. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of moral intensity in ethical situations?

The inherent consequences of a decision Signup and view all the answers

Which trait is NOT typically associated with moral sensitivity?

Desire for personal gain Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of personality traits in ethical decision-making?

They directly influence an individual's ethical behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of female leaders tends to influence their leadership style?

Participative leadership Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature of transformational leadership?

Engagement in behaviors that inspire change Signup and view all the answers

In what way do leaders with referent power differ from other leadership styles?

They establish personal connections with followers Signup and view all the answers

How do charismatic leaders typically engage their followers?

By appealing to followers' self-interest Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about transformational leaders?

They are entirely dependent on charisma Signup and view all the answers

What aspect distinguishes transformational leadership from other styles?

Emphasis on engaging with followers for mutual benefits Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes self-interest leaders?

They focus on personal gain over team needs Signup and view all the answers

What is a key element of engaging leadership behaviors?

Creating opportunities for follower input Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organizational Behavior (OB)

OB is the study of what people think, feel, and do in organizations.
It examines how people work with each other, as well as how they interact with other businesses and environments.
Organizations are groups of people working together with a common purpose.

Importance of OB

Helps make decisions and interact with people
Predicts workplace behavior
Improves problem-solving, teamwork skills, conflict resolution, and communication
Enhances organizational effectiveness by creating a good fit with the external environment
Open Systems: organizations rely on inputs (resources), transform them, and produce outputs to the environment.
Human Capital: employee's skills essential for organizational success, which improves job performance. Adaptability, and investing in the workforce.
Stakeholders: Individuals affected by or affecting an organization
Organizations have conflicting interests with stakeholders
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): organizations benefiting society beyond financial and legal interests.
CSR companies have better financial performance, loyal employees, and better relationships.

OB Knowledge and Diversity

OB knowledge should be evidence-based, based on research leading to hypothesis formation.
Diversity is essential, with surface-level (observable characteristics) and deep-level (psychological) diversity.
Inclusion creates a workplace where individuals feel accepted and a variety of groups are included.
Diversity improves customer service and community understanding, but may have slower performance outcomes.
Globalization has increased work-life integration due to work across time zones requiring flexibility in working arrangements.
Remote Work: working arrangements away from the office
Benefits include better work-life integration and less stress
Risks include weaker coworker relationships

MARS Model of Individual Behavior (L05)

Four elements (motivation, ability, role perceptions, situational factors) to understand all work place behavior
Categories: task performance, organizational citizenship behaviors(OCBs), counterproductive work behaviors, joining and staying, work attendance.
Proactive: taking initiative to anticipate work patterns
Adaptive: modifying behaviours to align with changes
Task Performance: individual goals that contribute to the organization.
OCBs: cooperation and support
Increased OCBs can result in greater support and higher performance
Counterproductive behaviors: harming the organization (e.g., harassment, dishonesty)
Joining/Staying: factors that influence employees' desire to remain with the organization
Work attendance: maintaining work presence

Values and Culture

Values are enduring beliefs about what is right and wrong, guiding behavior and choices.
Schwartz's Value Model: clusters values into categories and quadrants, including openness to change, self-direction, universalism, benevolence, and conservation.
Ethics are moral principles influencing individuals and organizations.

Self-Concept and Perceptions (Chapter 3)

Self-Concept: An individuals beliefs and self-evaluations.
Social Self: Self-definition based on social connections
Self-Evaluation: The process of determining an assessment of one's strengths and Limitations
Internal Locus of Control: Belief in personal control of one's destiny
External Locus of Control: Belief that one's fate largely determined by forces outside their control

Emotions, Attitudes, and Behavior

Emotions: Feelings that are non-conscious and often influence behavior
Emotional Labor: Effort to display desired emotions at work.
Emotional Intelligence: ability to understand and manage emotions, important for leaders
Attitudes: Clusters of beliefs, feelings, and behavioral intentions.
Cognitive Dissonance: Tension from incongruent beliefs, feelings, and behavior. Motivation to remain consistent.

Teams and Teamwork

Team Processes: Interactions and activities in a team, including taskwork behaviors (towards workload) and teamwork behaviors (attitude toward the team).
Team Cohesion: Attraction employees feel toward the team; influenced by similarity, small size, and regular interaction.
Team Norms: Shared expectations and rules to regulate team members' behaviors.
Types of Interdependence: -Reciprocal: mutual dependence -Sequential: dependence in steps -Pooled: independent work with common goal

Communication Processes

Communication channels include verbal (written and spoken) and nonverbal (body language, tone).
Digital communication is becoming the preferred channel for coordinating work.
Social media is enabling collaboration.
Active listening and feedback are essential for effective communication.
Media richness refers to the amount of non-verbal information used.

Leadership and Power (Chapters 10, 11, 12)

Shared leadership: Leadership as an assumed role, not a position
Transformational leadership: behaviors to engage followers
Managerial leadership: day-to-day management activities
Power: ability to influence, motivate others, and enable them.
Influence: use of power to alter someone's behavior
Conflict: perceived opposition of interests causing negative or positive outcomes.
Negotiation: decision-making situation in which two or more parties attempt to reach an agreement.
Conflict handling styles: forcing, problem-solving, compromising, avoidance, yielding (accommodating).

Organizational Culture

Culture is the values, assumptions, and beliefs shared by an organization.
Culture influences employee behavior and perceptions.
Dimensions of organizational culture include innovation, stability, respect for people, outcome orientation, attention to detail, team orientation, and aggressiveness.
Strength of culture depends upon how widely and deeply values and assumptions are held.
Culture functions to control systems, create social groups, and provide a sense making process.

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamentals of Organizational Behavior (OB), focusing on how individuals think, feel, and act within organizations. It examines the significance of OB in decision-making and workplace interactions, and highlights the role of human capital and stakeholder relationships in organizational success.