Organisation of Production Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is referred to as the fixed capital in production?

Tools, machines, and buildings (correct)

Knowledge and enterprise

Labour provided by workers

Raw materials and money

Land area under cultivation in Palampur has expanded since 1960.

False

Which factor of production refers to the people who perform the work in production?

Labour

In Palampur, ___% of the people depend on farming for their livelihood.

75 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of capital with their definitions:

Fixed capital = Tools, machines, and buildings used over many years Working capital = Raw materials and money used in production Human capital = Knowledge and skills of workers Land = Natural resources including water and forests Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a requirement for production?

Communication Signup and view all the answers

Physical capital includes only the tools and machines used in production.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic constraint in raising farm production in Palampur?

Fixed land area under cultivation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason farmers in Palampur can grow three crops per year?

Advanced irrigation system Signup and view all the answers

All land in Palampur is idle and not used for cultivation.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main crops grown during the rainy season in Palampur?

Jowar and Bajra Signup and view all the answers

The common unit of measuring land in villages like Palampur is called a __________.

hectare Signup and view all the answers

Match the following crops with their respective seasons in Palampur:

Jowar = Kharif Wheat = Rabi Potato = October to December Sugarcane = Yearly Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following irrigation systems was first used before the introduction of electric tubewells?

Persian wheels Signup and view all the answers

Less than 40 percent of India's total cultivated area is irrigated.

True Signup and view all the answers

What type of land utilization practice is most common in Palampur?

Multiple cropping Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organisation of Production

Production aims to create goods and services that meet societal needs.
Four essential requirements for production include:
- Land: Encompasses natural resources such as water, forests, and minerals.
- Labour: Refers to the workforce performing various tasks, ranging from highly skilled individuals to manual workers.
- Physical Capital: Covers the diverse inputs at different production stages, including tools and machinery.
- Tools, Machines, Buildings: These fixed assets, like ploughs and computers, are utilized in production over extended periods.
Raw Materials and Money in Hand: Necessary resources required during production, such as yarn for weaving and clay for pottery; collectively known as working capital.
Human Capital: Represents knowledge and entrepreneurial ability, critical for combining land, labour, and capital to produce outputs.

Factors of Production

Production involves the amalgamation of four key factors: land, labour, physical capital, and human capital.
The chapter refers to physical capital simply as "capital."
The case study of Palampur will explore the application of the first three factors of production.

Farming in Palampur

Agriculture is the primary occupation for 75% of Palampur’s population, either as farmers or farm labourers.
The well-being of these individuals is directly linked to farm production.
A significant limitation to increasing farm output is that the land available for cultivation is largely fixed.
Since 1960, there has been no increase in the area of land used for farming in Palampur.

Land Use & Irrigation

Conversion of some wastelands in Palampur to cultivable land signifies agricultural development.
Potential for increasing farm production through new cultivation is limited.
Land measurement units include hectares, bigha, and guintha; one hectare equals a square of 100 meters per side.

Palampur's Unique Characteristics

Palampur mirrors villages in western Uttar Pradesh, with all available land being cultivated and no idle land left.

Crops and Farming Practices

Kharif season (monsoon): Jowar and Bajra are predominant, serving primarily as cattle feed.
October to December: Potatoes are cultivated, contributing to the local economy.
Rabi season (winter): Wheat is sown, utilized for household consumption and market sale, particularly in Raiganj.
Sugarcane: Cultivated annually and sold in Shahpur, marking its significance in local agriculture.

Multiple Cropping

Allows farmers to grow more than one crop annually, enhancing overall yield.
Majority of farmers in Palampur cultivate at least two main crops, with many adding potatoes as a third crop.

Irrigation and Farming Practices Transformation

Well-developed irrigation systems facilitate the growth of three crops annually.
Early introduction of electricity in Palampur revolutionized irrigation methods.
Transition from Persian wheels, which irrigated small patches, to electric tubewells that cover larger areas.
Initial tubewell installations by the government led to farmers independently setting up their own systems.
By the mid-1970s, irrigation covered 200 hectares of land in Palampur.

Irrigation Across India

Diverse irrigation levels exist in Indian villages; riverine and coastal areas generally have better irrigation compared to plateau regions.
Less than 40 percent of India's cultivated area is currently irrigated; remaining agriculture relies heavily on rainfall.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key elements of production, including the roles of land, labor, and capital. This quiz covers the essential requirements for producing goods and services. Dive in to see how well you understand these foundational concepts!