Organic Macromolecules Flashcards

All contain carbon, produced by/occur naturally in organisms.

Typically do not contain carbon; examples include water, salts, minerals.

Simplest organic compounds made up of only hydrogen and carbon.

<p>Hydrocarbons with elements other than hydrogen and carbon attached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large, complex substituted organic molecules with specific roles in organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Single unit building blocks of larger molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long chains of monomers; large molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simplest carbohydrates; single-ringed, also called sugars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two molecules that share the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Double-ringed sugars formed through dehydration synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of a bond between monomers caused by the removal of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breaking of a bond between monomers by adding water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex carbohydrates/polymers made up of chains of monosaccharides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Starch, cellulose, glycogen, and chitin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A molecule in which plants store excess sugar in the roots, stems, and leaves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tough structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animal starch; molecule in which animals store excess sugar in the liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tough structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeleton of insects, spiders, and crustaceans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monomers of proteins; 20 different types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>COOH part of the amino acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Varies on each amino acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differs between each specific amino acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polymers; long chains of amino acids (monomers).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two linked amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Special bond that holds together a chain of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural proteins; long strands such as keratin and collagen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins that are chemically reactive such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organic catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being chemically altered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The specific substance a particular enzyme will work on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An enzyme works on a particular substrate that fits its 3D shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the substrate and enzyme are joined together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Destruction of the normal shape of a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers