Aldehydes and Ketones
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following reactions involves the conversion of a carbonyl group to a imine?

  • Reductive amination (correct)
  • Nucleophilic addition
  • Electrophilic addition
  • Grignard reaction

    • What is the product of the reduction of ketones by Mg or Mg/Hg?

  • Vic cis diol (correct)
  • Aldehydes
  • Alkanes
  • Vic trans diol

    • Why are α-hydrogen atoms in carbonyl compounds acidic?

  • Due to the presence of an electron-donating group
  • Due to the presence of a methyl group
  • Due to the presence of an electron-withdrawing group (correct)
  • Due to the presence of a hydroxyl group

    • What is the product of the reduction of benzaldehyde by Na/C2H5OH?

    <p>Vic cis diol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are compounds with active methylene or methyne groups more acidic than simple aldehydes and ketones?

    <p>Due to the increased stability of the conjugate base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when acetaldehyde reacts with HCN?

    <p>acetaldehyde cyanohydrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reagent is used to form isopropyl alcohol?

    <p>CH3MgI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when acetone reacts with NaHSO3?

    <p>acetone sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when acetaldehyde reacts with hydroxylamine (NH2OH)?

    <p>acetaldehyde oxime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when acetone reacts with PCl5?

    <p>isopropylidene chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a nucleophilic addition reaction, what happens when the attacking atom of the nucleophile has a lone pair of electrons in the addition product?

    <p>Water is eliminated from the addition product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when a primary amine or a derivative of ammonia reacts with a carbonyl compound?

    <p>An imine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is glycol often used in a reaction to protect a carbonyl group?

    <p>Because it can be easily deprotected by hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for obtaining high yields of acetals or ketals?

    <p>Removal of water as it is formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to acetals and ketals in the presence of excess water?

    <p>They are transformed back to the corresponding aldehyde or ketone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of using NaCN in the reaction of aldehydes and ketones with HCN?

    <p>To generate hydrogen cyanide in situ during the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aldehydes does not give an optically active cyanohydrin?

    <p>Formaldehyde</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding HCl to a mixture of a carbonyl compound and NaCN?

    <p>To generate hydrogen cyanide in situ during the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds can be separated from a mixture using NaHSO3?

    <p>Aldehydes and aliphatic methyl ketones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the product formed when a carbonyl compound reacts with HCN?

    <p>It is a racemic mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the carbonyl group that makes it polar?

    <p>The oxygen atom attains a partial negative charge and the carbon atom attains a partial positive charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the reaction that involves the oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones by aluminium tert-butoxide?

    <p>Oppenauer oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reagents is NOT a mild oxidising agent?

    <p>Al(−O − C(CH 3 )3 )3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for aldehydes and ketones?

    <p>Cn H 2n O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the molecule around the carbonyl carbon atom?

    <p>Trigonal planar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of aldol condensation reaction?

    <p>Dehydration occurs readily due to the formation of a conjugated system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary product formed when propanal undergoes crossed aldol condensation with acetone?

    <p>CH_3CH(OH)CH(CH_3)CHO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Schiff's reagent in a reaction?

    <p>To detect the presence of an aldehyde group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sodium nitroprusside in a reaction?

    <p>To detect the presence of an aldehyde group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction condition required for the formation of a benzoin condensation product?

    <p>Presence of a strong base catalyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

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