Organic Chemistry Quiz
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Questions and Answers

The reaction of benzene with chlorine under light is an example of which type of reaction?

  • Decomposition reaction
  • Addition reaction
  • Elimination reaction
  • Substitution reaction (correct)

    • What is the molecular formula of 3-methylbutanol-2?

  • C7H16O
  • C5H12O (correct)
  • C6H14O
  • C4H10O

    • Which of the following statements are true for both propanal and propanone?

  • They belong to the class of carbonyl compounds.
  • They have the molecular formula C3H6O.
  • They undergo a 'silver mirror' reaction.
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Rank the oils in order of increasing amount of hydrogen required to hydrogenate 1 mole of each oil.

    <p>Olive - sunflower - linseed - rapeseed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following formulas are homologues of aminoacetic acid?

    <p>C3H7COOH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of substance X in the chain of transformations?

    <p>C3H7COOH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of compound D in the chain of transformations?

    <p>Methyl butanoate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are substances X and Y in the synthesis proceeding according to the following chain?

    <p>Glucose and pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the molecule of 2,3-dimethylbutanol-2, how many tertiary carbon atoms are present?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an interclass isomer of an ester?

    <p>aldehydes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molar mass of propylcyclopentane (g/mol)?

    <p>112</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the homolytic bond breaking process?

    <p>Homolytic bond breaking always results in the formation of free radicals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules has the sequence of carbon atom hybridization: sp3 - sp2 - sp2 - sp3?

    <p>Butene-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the geometrical configuration of the ethene molecule?

    <p>Plane-triangular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reactions does NOT retain the aromaticity of the benzene molecule?

    <p>Hydrogenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is a primary alcohol?

    <p>2-methylpropanol-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when chlorine reacts with cold potassium hydroxide?

    <p>KCl + KClO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following metals does not react with water even when heated?

    <p>Aluminum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation state of oxygen in barium peroxide (BaO2)?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between sulfur trioxide (SO3) and excess sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?

    <p>Na2SO3 + H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances reacts with nitrogen?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical equation for the industrial production of simple superphosphate?

    <p>Ca3(PO4)2 + 2H2SO4 → Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaSO4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In aqueous solution, sodium carbonate does not react with which of the following substances?

    <p>Sodium hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about carbon?

    <p>Carbon atoms cannot form bonds with other carbon atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Organic Chemistry

    • The interaction of benzene with chlorine under light is a substitution reaction.
    • 3-methylbutanol-2 corresponds to the structural formula.

    Carbonyl Compounds

    • Propanal and propanone belong to the class of carbonyl compounds.
    • They have the molecular formula C3H6O.
    • Under normal conditions, they are odorless liquids.
    • They can be obtained by the Kucherov reaction.
    • They undergo a "silver mirror" reaction.
    • They oxidize with copper hydroxide to propanoic acid.

    Hydrogenation of Oils

    • The oils can be ranked in order of increasing amount of hydrogen required to hydrogenate 1 mole of each oil as follows: olive - sunflower - rapeseed - linseed.

    Homologues of Aminoacetic Acid

    • The formulas of substances that are homologues of aminoacetic acid are: б. СН3СООН, е. С₂Н₅СООН, etc.

    Chain of Transformations

    • Substance X is СН₃CH(OH)COOH.
    • Compound D is Methyl butanoate.
    • Substances X and Y in the synthesis proceeding according to the chain С6H12O6 →X→CH3COH→Y→CH3COONa can be СrCl2, СrCl3, Сr(OH)3, Na2CrO4.
    • The stage of obtaining the acid is 2.

    Reaction with Water

    • Aluminum does not react with water even when heated.

    Oxidation State of Oxygen Atom

    • A compound in which the oxidation state of the oxygen atom is -1 is F2O.

    Reaction Products

    • The reaction products of Cl2+ KOH(hot)→, Cl2+ KOH(cold)→, Cl2+ Fe→, Cl2+ F2→ are ClF3, FCl3, KCl + KClO3, KCl + KClO, respectively.
    • The reaction products of SO2+ NaOH (excs) →, SO3 + H2O →, SO3+ NaOH (excs) →, SO2 (excs)+ NaOH → are NaHSO4, H2SO3, Na2SO3 + H2O, Na2SO4 + H2O, respectively.

    Nitrogen Reaction

    • Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen.

    Industry

    • Simple superphosphate in industry is obtained according to the scheme: Ca(OH)2 + H3PO4 →.

    Sodium Carbonate

    • Sodium carbonate in aqueous solution does not react with calcium chloride.

    Chain of Transformations

    • The final product X3 in the chain of transformations is SiO2.

    Carbon

    • Carbon is part of all organic compounds.
    • Carbon atoms are capable of forming single, double, triple bonds with each other and with other atoms.

    Phosphatidic Acid

    • The substance that corresponds to the given structural formula is phosphatidic acid.

    Tertiary Carbon Atoms

    • The number of tertiary carbon atoms in a 2,3-dimethylbutanol-2 molecule is 2.

    Isomers of Esters and Ketones

    • Interclass isomers of esters and ketones are, respectively, carboxylic acids and dihydric alcohols.

    Molar Mass

    • The molar mass of propylcyclopentane is 112 g/mol.

    Bond Breaking and Polymerization

    • Non-polar and low-polarity C-C and C-H bonds usually undergo homolytic bond breaking with the formation of free radicals.
    • The polymerization reaction is accompanied by the formation of low molecular weight by-substances.

    Hybridization of Carbon Atoms

    • The sequence of types of hybridization of carbon atoms sp3 - sp2 - sp2 – sp3 corresponds to the substance 2-chlorobutane.

    Geometrical Configuration of Ethene Molecule

    • The geometrical configuration of the ethene molecule is planar-triangular.

    Aromaticity in Benzene Molecule

    • The aromaticity in the benzene molecule is retained in the reaction of nitration.

    Primary Alcohol

    • The primary alcohol is 2-methylpropanol-1.

    Properties of Acetaldehyde

    • Acetaldehyde forms hydrogen bonds, due to which it is soluble in water.
    • Its hydrogenation product is ethanol.
    • It undergoes the "silver mirror" reaction.
    • It is oxidized with copper (II) hydroxide to acetic acid.

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