Questions and Answers
The reaction of benzene with chlorine under light is an example of which type of reaction?
What is the molecular formula of 3-methylbutanol-2?
Which of the following statements are true for both propanal and propanone?
Rank the oils in order of increasing amount of hydrogen required to hydrogenate 1 mole of each oil.
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Which of the following formulas are homologues of aminoacetic acid?
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What is the structure of substance X in the chain of transformations?
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What is the structure of compound D in the chain of transformations?
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What are substances X and Y in the synthesis proceeding according to the following chain?
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In the molecule of 2,3-dimethylbutanol-2, how many tertiary carbon atoms are present?
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Which of the following is an interclass isomer of an ester?
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What is the molar mass of propylcyclopentane (g/mol)?
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Which of the following statements correctly describes the homolytic bond breaking process?
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Which of the following molecules has the sequence of carbon atom hybridization: sp3 - sp2 - sp2 - sp3?
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What is the geometrical configuration of the ethene molecule?
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Which of the following reactions does NOT retain the aromaticity of the benzene molecule?
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Which of the following compounds is a primary alcohol?
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What is the product formed when chlorine reacts with cold potassium hydroxide?
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Which of the following metals does not react with water even when heated?
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What is the oxidation state of oxygen in barium peroxide (BaO2)?
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What is the product of the reaction between sulfur trioxide (SO3) and excess sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?
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Which of the following substances reacts with nitrogen?
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What is the chemical equation for the industrial production of simple superphosphate?
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In aqueous solution, sodium carbonate does not react with which of the following substances?
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Which of the following statements is true about carbon?
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Study Notes
Organic Chemistry
- The interaction of benzene with chlorine under light is a substitution reaction.
- 3-methylbutanol-2 corresponds to the structural formula.
Carbonyl Compounds
- Propanal and propanone belong to the class of carbonyl compounds.
- They have the molecular formula C3H6O.
- Under normal conditions, they are odorless liquids.
- They can be obtained by the Kucherov reaction.
- They undergo a "silver mirror" reaction.
- They oxidize with copper hydroxide to propanoic acid.
Hydrogenation of Oils
- The oils can be ranked in order of increasing amount of hydrogen required to hydrogenate 1 mole of each oil as follows: olive - sunflower - rapeseed - linseed.
Homologues of Aminoacetic Acid
- The formulas of substances that are homologues of aminoacetic acid are: б. СН3СООН, е. С₂Н₅СООН, etc.
Chain of Transformations
- Substance X is СН₃CH(OH)COOH.
- Compound D is Methyl butanoate.
- Substances X and Y in the synthesis proceeding according to the chain С6H12O6 →X→CH3COH→Y→CH3COONa can be СrCl2, СrCl3, Сr(OH)3, Na2CrO4.
- The stage of obtaining the acid is 2.
Reaction with Water
- Aluminum does not react with water even when heated.
Oxidation State of Oxygen Atom
- A compound in which the oxidation state of the oxygen atom is -1 is F2O.
Reaction Products
- The reaction products of Cl2+ KOH(hot)→, Cl2+ KOH(cold)→, Cl2+ Fe→, Cl2+ F2→ are ClF3, FCl3, KCl + KClO3, KCl + KClO, respectively.
- The reaction products of SO2+ NaOH (excs) →, SO3 + H2O →, SO3+ NaOH (excs) →, SO2 (excs)+ NaOH → are NaHSO4, H2SO3, Na2SO3 + H2O, Na2SO4 + H2O, respectively.
Nitrogen Reaction
- Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen.
Industry
- Simple superphosphate in industry is obtained according to the scheme: Ca(OH)2 + H3PO4 →.
Sodium Carbonate
- Sodium carbonate in aqueous solution does not react with calcium chloride.
Chain of Transformations
- The final product X3 in the chain of transformations is SiO2.
Carbon
- Carbon is part of all organic compounds.
- Carbon atoms are capable of forming single, double, triple bonds with each other and with other atoms.
Phosphatidic Acid
- The substance that corresponds to the given structural formula is phosphatidic acid.
Tertiary Carbon Atoms
- The number of tertiary carbon atoms in a 2,3-dimethylbutanol-2 molecule is 2.
Isomers of Esters and Ketones
- Interclass isomers of esters and ketones are, respectively, carboxylic acids and dihydric alcohols.
Molar Mass
- The molar mass of propylcyclopentane is 112 g/mol.
Bond Breaking and Polymerization
- Non-polar and low-polarity C-C and C-H bonds usually undergo homolytic bond breaking with the formation of free radicals.
- The polymerization reaction is accompanied by the formation of low molecular weight by-substances.
Hybridization of Carbon Atoms
- The sequence of types of hybridization of carbon atoms sp3 - sp2 - sp2 – sp3 corresponds to the substance 2-chlorobutane.
Geometrical Configuration of Ethene Molecule
- The geometrical configuration of the ethene molecule is planar-triangular.
Aromaticity in Benzene Molecule
- The aromaticity in the benzene molecule is retained in the reaction of nitration.
Primary Alcohol
- The primary alcohol is 2-methylpropanol-1.
Properties of Acetaldehyde
- Acetaldehyde forms hydrogen bonds, due to which it is soluble in water.
- Its hydrogenation product is ethanol.
- It undergoes the "silver mirror" reaction.
- It is oxidized with copper (II) hydroxide to acetic acid.
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Solve these multiple-choice questions to test your knowledge of organic chemistry, including reactions and structural formulas.
