Organic Chemistry Nomenclature Rules

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What does the first digit in the code represent?

The degree of asymmetry in the molecule
The number of carbon atoms in the molecule minus one (correct)
The number of hydrogen atoms in the molecule plus one
The number of fluorine atoms in the molecule

What is the purpose of compression in aerosol manufacturing?

To remove impurities from the propellant
To increase the boiling point of the propellant
To liquefy the propellant at room temperature (correct)
To mix the propellant with other ingredients

What happens to the equilibrium between the liquid and vapor phases when the liquid phase is removed from the container?

The equilibrium is disrupted and cannot be reestablished
The liquid phase disappears, leaving only the vapor phase
The vapor phase disappears, leaving only the liquid phase
The equilibrium is reestablished between the remaining liquid and vapor phases (correct)

What is the role of the dip tube in an aerosol container?

To force the liquid phase up into the valve and out of the orifice (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of fluorinated hydrocarbons at room temperature?

Gases (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the degree of asymmetry and the coding system?

The degree of asymmetry is represented by a single letter (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial factor in choosing a container material?

The pressure of the system (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why must metal containers for aqueous preparations be internally coated, except for stainless steel?

To resist corrosion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of using aluminum containers?

They corrode in pure water and pure ethanol (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding 2-3% water to absolute ethanol when using aluminum containers?

To inhibit the attack of aluminum by ethanol (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of tinplate containers?

They are light, cheap, and durable (A) Signup and view all the answers

What can be added to the inside of tinplate and aluminum containers to increase resistance?

Organic materials such as epoxy, vinyl, or phenolic resins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that affects the performance of an aerosol?

Nature of product concentrate and amount of propellant (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical pressure range for space sprays at 21°C?

30 to 40 psig (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of surfactants or emulsifiers in foam aerosols?

To enhance the emulsion of the liquefied propellant and product concentrate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical percentage of propellant in foam aerosols?

6 to 10% (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why do fluorinated hydrocarbons not dissolve in the aqueous formulation of foam aerosols?

Because they are nonpolar (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to further mix the propellant throughout the product concentrate in foam aerosols?

Shaking the package prior to use (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using stainless steel containers for aerosol applications?

They are extremely strong and resistant to corrosion (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of container is typically used for pharmaceutical products with lower pressure and lower percentage of propellant?

Glass containers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the valve assembly in pharmaceutical aerosols?

To dispense the product in a specific form and rate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the physical form of the product discharged from the actuator?

The design of the inner chamber (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of using glass containers for aerosol applications?

They are limited to products with lower pressure and lower percentage of propellant (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the actuator in a valve assembly?

To activate the valve assembly for emission of the product (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a pressure-reducing valve in a compressed gas filling operation?

To reduce the pressure of the gas to a level suitable for aerosol containers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of shaking the container during the filling operation for certain gases?

To achieve the desired pressure in the head space of the aerosol container (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of product dispensation in a Bag on Valve (BOV) aerosol?

The product is squeezed out of the bag by the propellant (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the laminated aluminum bag in a BOV aerosol?

To contain the product (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using a pressure-reducing valve in a compressed gas filling operation?

It reduces the risk of over-pressurization of the container (C) Signup and view all the answers