Organic Chemistry: Aliphatic Hydrocarbons and Alkyl Halides

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What is the primary mechanism by which anabolic steroids affect athletic performance?

Increase the production of red blood cells

Improve respiratory function

Enhance oxygen delivery to the muscles

Increase muscle mass and athletic performance (correct)

What is the primary laboratory test used to determine anabolic steroid use?

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) test

Testosterone-to-epitestosterone ratio (T/E ratio) (correct)

Urinalysis (UA)

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

What is the standardized form that must accompany every step of drug testing?

Chain of Custody form (correct)

Drug Testing Consent form

Laboratory Analysis Report form

Urine Specimen Collection form

What is considered the 'Gold Standard' for drug testing?

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of collecting, transporting, and storing urine specimens for drug testing?

Urine Specimen Collection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Chain of Custody form in drug testing?

To document every step of the drug testing process Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following specimen types has the highest concentration of drugs and their metabolites?

Urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using waterless urinals in drug testing?

To prevent adulteration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consideration for ensuring the integrity of a urine specimen?

Time of day collected Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using HPLC (and GC-MS) for drug testing?

It is a confirmatory method Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a factor to consider in preventing incorrect drug testing results?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of drug detection in human hair?

It has the longest positivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of the 'flush reaction' in some individuals who consume alcohol?

Slower genetic variant of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of prescribing Disulfiram (Antabuse) to individuals?

To block the oxidation of alcohol to its harmful effects Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential long-term effect of chronic alcohol consumption on the liver?

Toxic hepatitis and cirrhosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the metabolic pathway of methanol?

Methanol > Formaldehyde > Formic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of isopropanol intoxication?

Longer half-life compared to ethanol Signup and view all the answers

What is the metabolic pathway of ethylene glycol?

Ethylene glycol > Glycoaldehyde > Glycoxcylic acid Signup and view all the answers