Microorganism Notes Week 2

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Questions and Answers

Which type of organisms use existing organic molecules as a carbon source for biomass?

  • Chemoautotrophs
  • Photoheterotrophs
  • Chemoheterotrophs (correct)
  • Photoautotrophs

What is the energy source for chemoautotrophs?

  • Organic molecules
  • Light
  • Inorganic carbon
  • Chemicals (correct)

Which type of organisms can use oxygen but can also grow without it?

  • Strict anaerobes
  • Facultative anaerobes (correct)
  • Anaerobes
  • Aerobes

What is the main difference between lithotrophs and organotrophs?

<p>The energy source they use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of oxidative phosphorylation in classic aerobic organotrophy?

<p>Transfer of electrons to acceptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which conditions are fermentations often carried out?

<p>Anoxic (anaerobic) conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of 'Ethanolic' fermentation of glucose?

<p>2 ethanol + CO2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the reduction potential (E) indicate for a redox couple?

<p>How readily the oxidized form gains electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves anaerobic respiration with nitrate (NO3-) as a terminal electron acceptor, reduced to N2?

<p>Denitrification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for lithotrophy?

<p>Reduced inorganic compounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anaerobic respiration by 'sulphate-reducing bacteria' is the reason marine sediments are smelly.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of 'sporulation' in bacteria?

<p>To form thick-walled spores for resistance to desiccation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinctive feature of filamentous actinobacteria in terms of spore production?

<p>They produce thick-walled spores called 'exospores' or arthrospores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Mycobacterium cell envelope that contributes to its hydrophobic nature?

<p>Waxy coating over peptidoglycan, including mycolic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of streptomyces in decomposition in soil?

<p>Breaking down difficult-to-degrade polysaccharides like chitin and lignin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves unequal division inside the cell wall during endospore formation?

<p>Mother cell engulfs 'forespore' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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