Immunology Quiz

Which type of immunity provides the first line of defence against any nonself material?

What is an example of nonspecific defence in the immune system?

What is the purpose of the acute phase response in the immune system?

What distinguishes between self and nonself components in the immune system?

Which type of rejection reaction is characterized by the presence of antibodies?

What is the main function of T cells?

Which cells are responsible for ingesting pathogens and cell debris?

What is the main role of accessory cells in the immune system?

Which type of lymphocyte produces antibodies?

What is the function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

What type of rejection reaction is characterized by the presence of specific cell-surface antigen receptors?

What is the main purpose of immunotherapy?

Which cells are strategically placed to protect different areas of the body from infection?

What is the main role of antigens in the immune system?

Which type of rejection reaction is associated with the body's natural abilities to fight infection and disease?

What is the main purpose of immunoassays?

Which type of immunity recognizes specific parts of a microorganism and is long-lasting due to memory cells?

What causes Chickenpox, leading to itchy spots and blisters?

Which autoimmune disease involves B lymphocytes producing antibodies against self-molecules, leading to symptoms like skin rashes, fever, and arthritis?

What occurs in Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?

In which autoimmune disorder does the immune system attack the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and joint damage?

What is a common characteristic of most people with rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the rapid, nonspecific response to infection, involving the production of serum molecules like C-reactive protein?

Which type of immunity involves cells killing infected cells and provides protection against infectious diseases like chickenpox?

What is the characteristic feature of Multiple sclerosis?

What is the main cause of Rheumatoid arthritis?

Which disease involves the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own molecules, leading to diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the characteristic feature of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (lupus)?

Which type of rejection is induced by the destruction of graft cells by CD8+ CTLs and delayed hypersensitivity reactions triggered by activated CD4+ helper cells?

Which pathway involves recognition of allogeneic MHC molecules on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell in the graft?

Which type of rejection occurs when preformed antidonor antibodies are present in the recipient's circulation, leading to immediate rejection after transplantation?

Which cells are considered the most important immunogens, expressing class I and II HLA molecules and costimulatory molecules?

Which type of T cells recognize class I HLA antigens and differentiate into mature CTLs?

Which pathway is postulated to be the major pathway in acute cellular rejection?

Which type of rejection is usually manifested by a vasculitis, also referred to as rejection vasculitis?

Which type of rejection is more important in chronic rejection?

Which cells recognize allogeneic class II molecules and differentiate into TH1 effector cells?

Which pathway involves recipient T lymphocytes recognizing antigens of the graft donor after they are presented by the recipient’s own antigen-presenting cells?

With the current practice of cross-matching, which type of rejection is no longer a significant clinical problem?

Which type of rejection is mediated by antibodies formed by the recipient and may cause injury by several mechanisms, including complement-dependent cytotoxicity and inflammation?

What is the condition in which both B and T cells are absent or inactive, putting individuals at great risk from minor infections?

What is the specific enzyme used by retroviruses to copy their genome into the DNA of the host cells chromosomes?

What is the main reason for the difficulty in developing a suitable vaccine for HIV?

What is the antigen that causes an allergic reaction known as?

What is the primary reason for the rejection of a donated organ by the recipient's immune system?

What is the role of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) in HIV/AIDS management?

What is the term for the exaggerated (hypersensitive) response to allergens, resulting in symptoms like swelling, hives, and runny nose?

What are the cells responsible for recognizing the body's tissues by looking for a set of antigens on the surface of each cell?

What is the main mechanism involved in rejection of kidney grafts?

What is the main barrier to successful transplantation of tissues in humans without rejection?

What is the specific antigen system responsible for rejection of grafts from one individual to another?

What is the primary goal of present-day immunologic research in the context of transplantation?

What is the main characteristic of nonspecific immunity?

Which response is an example of nonspecific defense in the immune system?

What is the main function of the immune system?

What distinguishes between self and nonself components in the immune system?

What is the main reason for the difficulty in developing a suitable vaccine for HIV?

Which type of rejection is usually manifested by a vasculitis, also referred to as rejection vasculitis?

What is the main role of antigens in the immune system?

What is the characteristic feature of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (lupus)?

Which cells are strategically placed to protect different areas of the body from infection?

What is the specific enzyme used by retroviruses to copy their genome into the DNA of the host cell's chromosomes?

What is the main function of the immune system?

Which type of immunity involves cells killing infected cells and provides protection against infectious diseases like chickenpox?

What is the main mechanism involved in rejection of kidney grafts?

What is the main function of T cells?

What is the specific antigen system responsible for rejection of grafts from one individual to another?

What is the rapid, nonspecific response to infection, involving the production of serum molecules like C-reactive protein?

Which type of immunity results from missing components of the immune system, making individuals susceptible to frequent and recurrent infections?

What is the specific cause of Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?

What has significantly improved survival rates for individuals with AIDS?

What is the global impact of the HIV epidemic at the end of 2021?

What is the primary cause of transplant rejection?

What is the main mechanism involved in the rejection of kidney grafts?

What is the main barrier to successful transplantation of tissues in humans without rejection?

What is the specific term for exaggerated immune responses to allergens?

What characteristic feature of rheumatoid arthritis makes it challenging to definitively diagnose through blood tests?

What is the term for the process when the recipient's immune system recognizes the graft as foreign and attacks it?

What is the primary reason for the difficulty in developing an effective vaccine for AIDS?

What is the term for the exaggerated response to allergens, resulting in symptoms like swelling, hives, and a runny nose?

Which type of rejection reaction is characterized by the presence of preformed antidonor antibodies in the recipient's circulation, leading to immediate rejection after transplantation?

What is the main function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

What is the main purpose of immunotherapy?

What is the main characteristic of nonspecific immunity?

What is the main role of accessory cells in the immune system?

Which type of lymphocyte is responsible for producing antibodies?

What is the main function of T cells?

Which type of rejection reaction is mediated by antibodies formed by the recipient and may cause injury by several mechanisms, including complement-dependent cytotoxicity and inflammation?

What is the main cause of Rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the main barrier to successful transplantation of tissues in humans without rejection?

What is the specific term for exaggerated immune responses to allergens?

Which type of immunity involves cells killing infected cells and provides protection against infectious diseases like chickenpox?

Which factor makes rheumatoid arthritis difficult to diagnose through the rheumatoid factor blood test?

What distinguishes primary immunodeficiency diseases from secondary immunodeficiency diseases?

Which retroviruses are responsible for causing Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?

What has significantly improved survival rates for individuals with AIDS?

What has the global HIV epidemic affected at the end of 2021?

What causes transplant rejection?

What determines the success rate for organ transplantation?

What are the relative contributions to transplant rejection?

What outpaces the ability to confer permanent acceptance of foreign grafts?

What mechanisms are involved in the rejection of kidney grafts?

What causes allergies?

What is the main cause of transplant rejection?

What is the main cause of Multiple sclerosis?

What is the main cause of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (lupus)?

What is the main cause of Rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the primary cause of Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?

What is the characteristic feature of Chickenpox?

What is the characteristic feature of Rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the characteristic feature of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (lupus)?

What is the characteristic feature of Multiple sclerosis?

What is the characteristic feature of Acute Phase Response?

What is the characteristic feature of Inflammation?

What is the characteristic feature of Immunity?

What is the characteristic feature of Specific immunity?

Which type of immunodeficiency diseases are genetic in nature?

What causes Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?

What has significantly improved survival rates for individuals with AIDS?

What is the global HIV epidemic affected population at the end of 2021?

What is the main cause of transplant rejection?

What is the main mechanism involved in the rejection of kidney grafts?

What is the primary cause of allergies?

What is the main role of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Treatment (HAART) in HIV/AIDS management?

What is the main reason for the difficulty in developing an effective vaccine for AIDS?

What is the main contributor to transplant rejection?

What plays a significant role in the rejection of different types of grafts?

What is the primary cause of rheumatoid arthritis?

Which type of rejection reaction is characterized by the presence of antibodies?

What is the main function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

Which cells are responsible for ingesting pathogens and cell debris?

What is the role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment?

What is the main characteristic of lymphocytes' antigen receptors?

What is the main function of T cells in the immune system?

Which cells are considered accessory cells in the immune system?

What is the main purpose of immunoassays?

What is the main role of antibodies in the immune response?

Which lymphoid organ is responsible for the production of lymphocytes?

What is the main mechanism of chronic rejection?

What is the main characteristic of antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

Which type of rejection reaction is induced by the destruction of graft cells by CD8+ CTLs and delayed hypersensitivity reactions triggered by activated CD4+ helper cells?

What is the main function of T cells?

Which type of lymphocyte makes only 1 type of antigen receptor and is part of adaptive immunity?

What is the term for the treatment that uses the body's natural abilities to fight infection and disease or to protect the body from some of the side effects of treatment?

What is the role of immune cells in protecting the body from damage caused by microorganisms?

Which type of immune cells are strategically placed to protect different areas of the body from infection?

What is the specific term for exaggerated immune responses to allergens?

Which cells are responsible for recognizing the body's tissues by looking for a set of antigens on the surface of each cell?

What is the main cause of rheumatoid arthritis?

Which type of rejection reaction is associated with the body's natural abilities to fight infection and disease?

What is the main purpose of immunotherapy?

Which pathway involves recognition of allogeneic MHC molecules on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell in the graft?

What type of immunity recognizes specific parts of a microorganism, takes longer to develop, and is long-lasting due to memory cells?

Which autoimmune disease involves T cells targeting the myelin sheath surrounding neurons, leading to serious neurological abnormalities?

What is the characteristic feature of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (lupus)?

What is the main cause of Rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the rapid, nonspecific response to infection, involving the production of serum molecules like C-reactive protein?

What occurs in Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?

What is the main function of antibodies in the immune response?

What is the specific enzyme used by retroviruses to copy their genome into the DNA of the host cell's chromosomes?

What is the characteristic feature of Inflammation?

What is the main barrier to successful transplantation of tissues in humans without rejection?

What is the main mechanism of chronic rejection?