Oral Surgery and Anesthesia Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended heat therapy duration for treating a hematoma after its occurrence?

  • 30 minutes every hour
  • 10 minutes every hour
  • 15 minutes every hour
  • 20 minutes every hour (correct)

    • Which of the following sites corresponds to extra-oral discoloration and swelling of skin below the lower eyelid?

  • Mental foramen
  • Infra-orbital foramen (correct)
  • Medial aspect of ramus
  • Nasal foramen

    • What preventive measure can be taken to avoid aspiration in patients still anesthetized at discharge?

  • Advise the patient to drink only cold fluids
  • Provide a soft diet to the patient
  • Place a cotton roll in the buccal or labial fold (correct)
  • Instruct the patient to use a toothpick

    • In the unlikely event of an infection after oral surgery, what management strategy is recommended?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common risk is associated with residual soft tissue numbness in patients post-anesthesia?

    <p>Self-inflicted injury to soft tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key measure to prevent needle breakage during oral surgery?

    <p>Avoiding forceful contact with bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes paresthesia following an injection?

    <p>Persistent altered sensation beyond the expected duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves are commonly affected by paresthesia during anesthesia?

    <p>Inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a needle fragment is not visible after a breakage?

    <p>Refer the patient for surgical excision of the needle fragment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT contribute to nerve injury during anesthesia?

    <p>Excessive local inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is recommended to the patient experiencing paresthesia?

    <p>Observation and reassurance every 2 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be emphasized regarding needle insertion depth for IANB in adults?

    <p>30-gauge short needles should not be used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sensation might patients describe during nerve injury from anesthesia?

    <p>An electric shock or zap-like feeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method for exercising the jaw after dental procedures?

    <p>Gently opening and closing the mouth for 5 minutes every 3 to 4 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of infection related to anesthetic administration?

    <p>Contamination of the needle before administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is effective in managing a hematoma post-injection?

    <p>Applying ice to reduce swelling and bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided during the initial phase of managing a hematoma?

    <p>Applying heat to the affected area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate duration for starting antibiotic treatment if trismus does not respond to conservative therapy?

    <p>7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done immediately to manage a hematoma following an injection?

    <p>Direct pressure at the site of bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to use a sterile needle during anesthetic administration?

    <p>To avoid contamination that can lead to infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you advise a patient about soreness and trismus after a dental procedure?

    <p>They can manage these conditions with prescribed analgesics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of facial nerve paralysis during an Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB)?

    <p>Inadvertent deposition of anesthetic into the parotid gland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What immediate management step should be taken for a patient experiencing temporary facial nerve paralysis?

    <p>Patch the affected eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of temporary facial nerve paralysis?

    <p>Slurred speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if ocular complications arise from anesthetic injection?

    <p>Consult with an ophthalmologist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique can prevent facial nerve paralysis when performing a Vazirani-Akinosi block?

    <p>Limiting the needle insertion to less than 25 mm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average inter-incisal opening in normal individuals?

    <p>40 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can ocular complications resulting from anesthetic diffusion be best managed?

    <p>Patching the affected eye and observing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of ulcerations developing after an intraoral injection of local anesthetic?

    <p>Use of a rubber dam clamp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical preventive measure when performing nerve blocks to avoid complications?

    <p>Aspiration before injecting anesthetic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of pain during local anesthetic injection?

    <p>Using blunt needles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should edema caused by infection be managed if symptoms persist beyond 3 days?

    <p>Prescribe antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended rate for injecting local anesthetics to minimize tissue damage?

    <p>1.8 mL over 1 minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if edema is caused by trauma during the injection?

    <p>Heal without any treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of edema from an allergic response?

    <p>Contaminated injection site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible indication that an edema may be caused by hemorrhage?

    <p>Discoloration resembling a hematoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first line of management for allergic edema without airway obstruction?

    <p>Administer oral antihistamines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of trismus following dental treatment?

    <p>Muscle trauma in the infratemporal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following strategies helps in preventing trismus during dental procedures?

    <p>Minimizing needle insertions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the recommended management techniques for trismus?

    <p>Reassurance and avoidance of treatment in the affected area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pharmacological treatment is considered a last option for trismus pain management?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can contribute to muscle dysfunction and irritate tissue after dental procedures?

    <p>Hematoma formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action can patients take at home to relieve discomfort associated with trismus?

    <p>Using warm saline rinses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one negative consequence of using multiple needle insertions during anesthesia?

    <p>Increased risk of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the acidity of some local anesthetic solutions affect muscle health?

    <p>It can lead to myotoxic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Oral Surgery 24-25: Local Anesthesia Complications

    • Local complications of anesthesia, are a significant concern in oral surgery.
    • Needle breakage: Sudden patient movement during needle insertion can lead to breakage, particularly in children. Needle insertion should not reach the hub unless absolutely necessary.
    • Needle bending/fracture: Forceful contact with bone can cause the needle to bend or fracture. Intentional needle bending, or redirection inside tissue, is also a potential issue.
    • Paresthesia: Persistent anesthesia (lasting beyond the expected duration) or altered sensation is a significant complication. This involves the sensation of electric shock or zap and can affect the inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve.
    • Causes of paresthesia: Traumatic needle insertion, contaminated anesthetic solution, or hemorrhage near the nerve.
    • Management of paresthesia: Involves informing and reassuring patients, assessing paresthesia degree, and suggesting 2-monthly observation for at least 2 months. Referrals to specialists for persistent cases are crucial.
    • Facial nerve paralysis: Anesthetic can be inadvertently deposited into the parotid gland affecting the facial nerve, resulting in temporary paralysis.
    • Ocular complications: Anesthetic solution can diffuse and reach the extraocular muscles, causing diplopia (double vision). Accidental intravascular injection could impair blood supply to the retina.
    • Trismus: Limited mouth opening. This may result from muscle trauma.
    • Infection: Needle contamination before use and needle passing through infected tissues carries the risk of spreading infection.
    • Hematoma: Blood leakage into tissues following trauma to blood vessels during injections leads to swelling, bruising, and pain. Minimizing the number of needle penetrations and using proper aspiration techniques will help to lessen the risk of this complication. Applying direct pressure to the bleeding site for 2 minutes can help stop bleeding. Applying ice packs can reduce swelling, as constricting blood vessels minimizes the effusion of bleeding.
    • Soft Tissue Injury: Residual numbness in the areas that were anesthetized can lead to self-inflicted damage to lips, tongue or cheek after the anesthetic wears off.
    • Edema: Abnormal fluid accumulation beneath the skin causing tissue swelling. This is often an outcome of trauma, infection, allergic reaction, or bleeding incidents.
    • Epithelial desquamation: Topical anesthetics used for extended periods can cause tissue sloughing. Sterile abscesses can develop following palatal injections.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on key concepts of oral surgery and anesthesia with this quiz. Learn about heat therapy for hematomas, preventive measures for aspiration, and management strategies for post-operative complications. Perfect for dental students and professionals keen on refining their expertise.

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