Pharm chapter 31 Oral Health Quiz for Healthcare Professionals
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of the development of pus in cold sores?

  • Poor personal hygiene
  • The live virus in the vesicles
  • Direct contact with an infected individual
  • Secondary bacterial infection (correct)
  • Which of the following statements accurately describes the characteristics of cold sores?

  • Cold sores initially appear as small red papules. (correct)
  • Cold sores develop into fluid-filled blisters that eventually dry and crust over. (correct)
  • Cold sores are not contagious.
  • Cold sores are always related to poor personal hygiene.
  • Which condition is characterized by a sticky meshwork that traps bacteria and food particles?

  • Candidiasis
  • Plaque (correct)
  • Halitosis
  • Trichomoniasis
  • What is the primary purpose of using 2% viscous lidocaine in the oral cavity?

    <p>To provide topical anesthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a direct cause of tooth, gum, or periodontal disease?

    <p>Halitosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is specifically indicated for preventing and treating mucositis in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment?

    <p>Palifermin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common organism associated with oral candidiasis?

    <p>C. albicans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important instruction to give a patient using viscous lidocaine for mucositis?

    <p>Wait for 30 minutes after using before eating or drinking. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these adverse effects is associated with the use of a corticosteroid inhaler?

    <p>Candidiasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient with multiple canker sores is using carbamide peroxide (Gly-Oxide) but experiences tissue irritation and a black hairy tongue. What treatment would you suggest to soothe the pain?

    <p>Milk of Magnesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used to treat canker sores?

    <p>Amlexanox paste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with white, milk curd-appearing plaques attached to their oral mucosa. Which condition is most likely present?

    <p>Thrush (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement by a patient using amlexanox paste 5% (Zilactin) indicates a knowledge deficit?

    <p>I will apply the paste before meals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely cause of aspergillosis?

    <p>Exposure to dead leaves, grain, or compost (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is the primary pharmacologic therapy used to treat Candida albicans?

    <p>Antifungal agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement BEST describes the reason why candidiasis is often called the "disease of the diseased"?

    <p>Candidiasis primarily affects individuals with weak immune systems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a zoonotic infection transmitted through food, direct contact with animals, or inhalation of aerosols?

    <p>Brucellosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common parasitic sexually transmitted disease?

    <p>Trichomoniasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient complains of a dry mouth, which medication is likely causing this?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of saliva substitutes?

    <p>Relieving dry mouth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these conditions, similar to candidiasis, affects debilitated patients but is less common?

    <p>Trichomoniasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding cold sores?

    <p>Cold sores can occur inside the mouth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors can increase the risk of developing oral candidiasis?

    <p>Suppressed immune system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a common symptom of mucositis?

    <p>White, curd-like plaques (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions is NOT recommended for managing a cold sore?

    <p>Applying an astringent to dry the cold sore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a pertinent assessment factor for oral health?

    <p>Bowel sounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient undergoing a bone marrow transplant is experiencing severe mucositis. Which treatment option would be LEAST helpful in managing this condition?

    <p>Docosanol (Abreva) therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Xerostomia can lead to several adverse effects. Which of these is NOT a common effect of xerostomia?

    <p>Excessive salivation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a patient experiencing a cold sore, what is the best course of action if they develop signs of infection?

    <p>Apply antibiotic ointment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for keeping a cold sore moist?

    <p>To prevent cracking and secondary bacterial infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment option is most effective in reducing the pain associated with severe mucositis?

    <p>2% viscous lidocaine (Xylocaine) before meals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the use of commercially prepared mouthwashes discouraged in patients with mucositis?

    <p>They can irritate the already inflamed mucous membranes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is NOT used to soothe oral mucositis?

    <p>Viscous lidocaine 2% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient with severe mucositis reports a pain level of 8 on a pain scale. What is the nurse's priority nursing problem for this patient?

    <p>Pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient experiencing oral mucositis?

    <p>Avoid acidic and spicy foods. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to clean the oral cavity before applying topical medications for mucositis?

    <p>To ensure that the medication comes into direct contact with the mucous membranes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using nystatin liquid in patients with mucositis?

    <p>To treat fungal infections. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended topical agent for mucositis?

    <p>Docosanol (Abreva) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the use of OTC mouthwashes for oral mucositis?

    <p>OTC mouthwashes are typically not recommended for mucositis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient asks the nurse about the best way to prevent oral mucositis during chemotherapy. What is the nurse's best response?

    <p>Maintain good oral hygiene, including brushing and flossing regularly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Erupted lesions

    Skin lesions that are not contagious and relate to hygiene.

    Pus-filled lesions

    Indicate a secondary bacterial infection and require medical advice.

    Cold sore lesions

    Begin as red papules, become blisters, and contain live virus.

    Viscous lidocaine

    A local anesthetic used for inflammation of oral mucous membranes.

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    Palifermin

    Medication that prevents or reduces mucositis in chemotherapy patients.

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    Candidiasis

    Fungal infection caused by C.albicans, common in weakened patients.

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    Oral mucositis

    Inflammation of the mucous membranes in the mouth, often from treatment.

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    Secondary bacterial infection

    An infection that develops due to a primary illness or lesion.

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    Saline rinses

    Soothing rinses that can precede topical agents like carbamide peroxide.

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    Chemotherapy side effects

    Adverse effects such as mucositis caused by chemotherapy treatment.

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    Mucositis pain scale

    A numeric scale indicating severity of mucous membrane pain, from 0 to 10.

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    Priority nursing problem

    The main concern in patient care that needs immediate attention.

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    Avoid spicy foods

    Recommendation to prevent irritation of mucous membranes during mucositis.

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    Nystatin liquid

    An antifungal medication taken orally to eliminate fungal infections, often used in chemotherapy patients.

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    Clean oral cavity before treatment

    The necessity to cleanse the mouth before applying topical pain medications.

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    OTC mouthwash caution

    Over-the-counter mouthwashes are generally not recommended for mucositis treatment.

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    Inhaler Adverse Effects

    Corticosteroid inhalers can lead to candidiasis due to immune suppression.

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    Thrush

    A condition where white, milk curd-like plaques appear on the oral mucosa, primarily due to Candida infection.

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    Primary Treatment for Candidiasis

    Antifungal agents are used to treat Candida albicans infections.

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    Xerostomia

    A condition characterized by dry mouth due to reduced saliva production.

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    Saliva Substitutes

    Products used to alleviate xerostomia by mimicking natural saliva.

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    Canker Sores

    Ulcer-like ulcers in the mouth, not attached to bone, different from thrush.

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    Cold Sores

    Viral lesions, often at the lip junction, linked to herpes simplex.

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    Trichomoniasis

    A common parasitic sexually transmitted disease.

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    Brucellosis

    A zoonotic infection transmitted from animals to humans via infected food, contact, or aerosols.

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    Plaque

    A whitish-yellow substance on teeth causing tooth and gum disease if not removed.

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    Importance of Viscous Lidocaine

    Wait 30 minutes after using before eating to prevent aspiration risk.

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    Amlexanox Paste (Zilactin) Usage

    Apply the paste after meals for best effect against discomfort.

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    Mucositis Management

    Using viscous lidocaine can diminish the sense of taste temporarily.

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    Canker Sores Treatment

    Carbamide peroxide may cause irritation and should be used with caution.

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    Patient education on oral treatments

    Patients need to understand proper application and wait times for medications.

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    Cold sore care steps

    Keep the cold sore clean, moist, and dry to promote healing.

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    Signs of infection

    Presence of pus or increased pain indicates possible infection.

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    Comfort measures for mucositis

    Use viscous lidocaine and Milk of Magnesia for pain relief.

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    Xerostomia effects

    Mouth dryness can lead to difficulty swallowing and increased cavities.

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    Astringents in cold sore treatment

    Avoid astringents as they can dry the sore and delay healing.

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    Importance of saliva

    Saliva helps protect oral health and prevent infection.

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    Mucositis pain management

    Viscous lidocaine can help numb pain in the mouth and throat.

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    Oral health assessment factors

    Medication history, dental visits, halitosis, and saliva amount matter for oral health.

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    Study Notes

    Corticosteroid Inhaler Adverse Effects

    • Candidiasis is an adverse effect associated with corticosteroid inhalers
    • Immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, cytotoxics, and broad-spectrum antibiotics also cause this
    • Educating patients on proper oral hygiene is vital to reduce complications

    Oral Plaques

    • White, milk curd-like plaques on the oral mucosa indicate thrush.
    • Canker sores are ulcers (0.5-2 cm) on non-attached surfaces (tongue, gums, cheeks)
    • Cold sores (fever blisters) typically appear on the junction of the lip/skin in the mouth.
    • Mucositis is painful inflammation of the oral mucous membranes.

    Candida albicans Treatment

    • Antifungal agents are the primary treatment for Candida albicans infections.
    • Candida albicans is a common oral infection in debilitated patients, often linked to immune-suppressing medications
    • Nystatin (Mycostatin) is one example of an antifungal agent used to treat Candida albicans.

    Saliva Substitutes

    • Saliva substitutes treat xerostomia (dry mouth).
    • Xerostomia has non-oral causes and is treated by adjusting medications or using artificial saliva.
    • Dentifrices are used to treat cavities, and mouthwash is used to treat bad breath (halitosis), but not xerostomia.

    Cold Sore Information

    • Cold sores are contagious.
    • Cold sores involve fluid-filled blisters that eventually form a crust.
    • Eruptions are not necessarily related to poor hygiene.
    • Drying agents do not prevent the spread of the infection.
    • Pus-filled lesions may indicate a secondary bacterial infection.

    Oral Anesthetics

    • 2% viscous lidocaine is used as a topical anesthetic for painful oral inflammation, not for thrush, mucositis, or fungal infections.

    Mucositis Treatment

    • Palifermin (Kepivance) reduces mucositis in chemotherapy and radiation patients.
    • Amlexanox paste (Aphthasol) is for treating canker sores.
    • Docosanol (Abreva) is for cold sores, not mucositis.
    • Nystatin is to treat thrush, not mucositis.

    Infections in Debilitated Patients

    • Candida albicans is often referred to as the "disease of the diseased" due to its prevalence in debilitated patients.
    • Candida albicans is a fungal infection.
    • Aspergillosis is another fungal infection, but less common in debilitated patients than Candida albicans.
    • Trichomoniasis is a parasitic infection.
    • Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection.

    Dental Disease Cause

    • Plaque is the most common cause of tooth, gum, and periodontal disease

    Viscous Lidocaine Use

    • Crucially, patients using viscous lidocaine should wait 30 minutes before eating after application to prevent aspiration.
    • Oral cleanliness should be performed before applying any topical medication to the oral cavity.

    Cold Sore Treatment

    • Keep cold sores clean with mild soap.
    • Cold sores should be kept moist to prevent cracking and secondary infections.
    • Note signs of infection (pus), and contact a healthcare provider
    • Avoid astringents as they can dry out the sore, worsening healing.
    • Analgesics may help with pain.

    Oral Health Assessments

    • Important to assess medication history, dental history, frequency of dental visits, presence of halitosis (bad breath), and amount of saliva.

    Mucositis Treatment Options

    • 2% viscous lidocaine (Xylocaine) before meals.
    • Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst).
    • Commercially prepared mouthwashes.
    • Docosanol (Abreva).
    • Milk of Magnesia mouth rinses.

    Xerostomia Adverse Effects

    • Reduced taste and appetite
    • Difficulty chewing and swallowing.
    • Increased dental caries
    • Speech difficulties.

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    Pharm Chapter 31 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of oral health, including causes and treatments for conditions such as cold sores, mucositis, and canker sores. This quiz covers medications, characteristics of oral conditions, and important patient care instructions. Ideal for students and professionals in dental and medical fields.

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