Podcast
Questions and Answers
At what pH does Eudragit dissolve to release the drug in the GI tract?
At what pH does Eudragit dissolve to release the drug in the GI tract?
- pH 6
- pH 5 or lower
- pH 7 or greater (correct)
- pH 8
Which polymer is used in the SUBA system to facilitate delayed release?
Which polymer is used in the SUBA system to facilitate delayed release?
- Methylcellulose
- Polyvinyl alcohol
- Hypromellose phthalate (correct)
- Eudragit
What is the primary purpose of utilizing Eudragit in Asacol?
What is the primary purpose of utilizing Eudragit in Asacol?
- To increase the drug's half-life
- To provide local action in the lower GI tract (correct)
- To enhance drug absorption in the stomach
- To dissolve rapidly in the oral cavity
What form of itraconazole is utilized in the SUBA system for improved solubility?
What form of itraconazole is utilized in the SUBA system for improved solubility?
Why is it generally unacceptable to switch between different modified release products of the same drug?
Why is it generally unacceptable to switch between different modified release products of the same drug?
What is the primary purpose of extended release products?
What is the primary purpose of extended release products?
Which of the following best describes a characteristic of non-dissolving matrix systems?
Which of the following best describes a characteristic of non-dissolving matrix systems?
Which system is classified as a delayed release product?
Which system is classified as a delayed release product?
How does a wax matrix system primarily function to prevent gastrointestinal irritation?
How does a wax matrix system primarily function to prevent gastrointestinal irritation?
What type of polymer is used in swelling erodible matrix systems?
What type of polymer is used in swelling erodible matrix systems?
What key feature does the Geomatrix system offer for prolonged drug release?
What key feature does the Geomatrix system offer for prolonged drug release?
Among the following options, which is NOT a method of oral controlled release?
Among the following options, which is NOT a method of oral controlled release?
What is the primary function of gastro retentive systems?
What is the primary function of gastro retentive systems?
Which technology is utilized in coated particle systems to manage drug release?
Which technology is utilized in coated particle systems to manage drug release?
What is unique about the SODAS system as developed by Elan?
What is unique about the SODAS system as developed by Elan?
In which type of system does the drug release occur through an osmotic core?
In which type of system does the drug release occur through an osmotic core?
What role does the membrane play in membrane-controlled pellets?
What role does the membrane play in membrane-controlled pellets?
What characterizes the CODAS system used in medications like Verelan PM?
What characterizes the CODAS system used in medications like Verelan PM?
What type of release do enteric-coated delayed release systems primarily facilitate?
What type of release do enteric-coated delayed release systems primarily facilitate?
Which medication is an example of a product that employs the SODAS system?
Which medication is an example of a product that employs the SODAS system?
How does the AccuForm system release medication?
How does the AccuForm system release medication?
Which of the following correctly describes the role of ion exchange systems?
Which of the following correctly describes the role of ion exchange systems?
Flashcards
Extended Release Oral Drugs
Extended Release Oral Drugs
Formulated to release medication over a longer period after administration.
Delayed Release Drugs
Delayed Release Drugs
Release medication at a time other than immediately after taking it.
Matrix Systems (Oral Controlled Release)
Matrix Systems (Oral Controlled Release)
Oral drug delivery systems where medication is incorporated into a matrix (a solid substance). This solid matrix controls or modifies the drug's release rate.
Wax Matrix Systems
Wax Matrix Systems
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Swelling Erodible Matrix System
Swelling Erodible Matrix System
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Geomatrix System
Geomatrix System
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Oral controlled release systems
Oral controlled release systems
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Eudragit
Eudragit
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Asacol
Asacol
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SUBA System
SUBA System
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Amorphous Itraconazole
Amorphous Itraconazole
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Hypromellose Phthalate
Hypromellose Phthalate
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Gastro Retentive Systems
Gastro Retentive Systems
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Swelling Systems
Swelling Systems
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AccuForm System
AccuForm System
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Coated Particle Systems
Coated Particle Systems
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Dissolving Coat Systems
Dissolving Coat Systems
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Expansial System
Expansial System
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Chronotherapy
Chronotherapy
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CODAS
CODAS
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Membrane-Controlled Pellets
Membrane-Controlled Pellets
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Toprol XL
Toprol XL
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Study Notes
Oral Drug Delivery and Advanced Technologies
- FDA Terminology: FDA uses "extended release" and "delayed release" for oral drugs.
- Extended Release: Drug is released over a longer period.
- Delayed Release: Drug is released at a time other than immediately.
- Enteric-Coated Products: A classic example of delayed release, releasing the drug in the intestines.
Types of Oral Controlled Release Systems
- Matrix Systems: Drug is incorporated into a matrix material.
- Non-dissolving matrices: Pass through the body undissolved.
- Dissolving matrices: Dissolve in the body releasing the drug.
- Release rate: Typically proportional to the square root of time.
- Wax matrices: Contain lipid wax with embedded drug. Used for preventing GI irritation (e.g., potassium chloride, iron supplements).
- Swelling, Erodible matrices: Use hydrophilic polymers. Bioerodible, leaving no residue. Geomatrix system increases surface area for prolonged drug effect. Paxil CR uses this system.
- Gastro Retentive Systems: Keep the drug in the stomach for longer.
- Mechanism: Achieved through swelling, high density, or floating systems.
- Swelling System: Common approach to retain in stomach, preventing it from entering the intestines, releasing the drug to absorb, using Polymers. AccuForm system utilizes swelling polymers to create a large gel-like substance, Metformin GR, Glucophage XR, Fortamet are examples.
- Coated Particle Systems: Coating drug particles to regulate release.
- Dissolving coats: Drug pellets coated with material that slowly dissolve.
- Ex: coating a drug solution onto beads. Controlled by coating thickness (e.g., Expansial system by GlaxoSmithKline, Ornade Spansules)
- Non-dissolving/dissolving coat systems: Combination (e.g., SODAS system, Ritalin LA, Concerta).
- Dissolving coats: Drug pellets coated with material that slowly dissolve.
- Chronotherapy: Delivers medication at the optimal time (e.g., Verelan PM & CODAS for angina and heart failure).
- Membrane-Controlled Systems: Tiny pellets surrounded by a membrane for controlled release (zero-order).
- Example: Toprol XL (metoprolol succinate) - can be broken. Hybrid systems combine features of membranes and matrices (e.g., IPDAS by Elan, Naprelan - naproxen)
- Osmotically Controlled Systems: Two compartments, osmotic drug core, and polymeric push compartment.
- GITS (Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System): Draws fluid in through a semipermeable membrane, expanding polymer forces drug out (e.g. Prodiara XL, concerta).
- Ion Exchange Systems: Uses resins with charged functional groups (e.g., Pennkinetic, Tussionex containing hydrocodone, Delsym containing dextromethorphan)
Delayed Release Systems
- Enteric Coating: Coating to delay the drug release until it reaches the intestines (e.g., Asacol, SUBA - itraconazole). Eudragit is an example.
Important Considerations
- Modified release products have varied plasma profiles; switching products isn't recommended.
- Pharmacists must be aware of product properties when dispensing.
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Description
Explore the concepts of oral drug delivery, including key FDA terminology such as extended release and delayed release. Learn about various controlled release systems, including matrix systems and enteric-coated products, as well as their unique characteristics and applications. This quiz will enhance your understanding of advanced drug delivery technologies.
