Oral Cavity Epithelium Quiz

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of epithelium lines the oral cavity?

  • Stratified cuboidal epithelium
  • Simple squamous epithelium
  • Stratified squamous epithelium (correct)
  • Transitional epithelium

What is the name of the process by which the superficial cells of the oral epithelium are lost?

  • Apoptosis
  • Necrosis
  • Desquamation (correct)
  • Exocytosis

What distinguishes the shed cells of the nonkeratinized or parakeratinized oral epithelium from those of the epidermis?

  • Nonkeratinized cells have a different shape than keratinized cells.
  • Nonkeratinized cells are more resistant to damage.
  • Nonkeratinized cells retain their nuclei. (correct)
  • Nonkeratinized cells are larger than keratinized cells.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the epithelium in the oral cavity?

<p>It is highly innervated. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the lesions that can occur on the oral mucosa due to herpes simplex virus infections?

<p>Canker sores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which herpes simplex virus infections cause lesions?

<p>Inducing apoptosis of infected epithelial cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a true statement about the oral cavity epithelium?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lamina propria in the oral cavity?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the lesions described in the text?

<p>Weakened immune defenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the vermillion zone?

<p>Thin epidermis and transparency to blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors can contribute to weakened immune defenses, leading to the lesions described?

<p>Emotional stress (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mucosa is best developed in the masticatory mucosa?

<p>Keratinized cell layers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the keratinized cell layers in the lips?

<p>To prevent damage from abrasion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why the vermillion zone is prone to excessive dryness?

<p>Lack of glands for oil and sweat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the vermillion zone?

<p>Presence of glands for oil and sweat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component found internally in the lips?

<p>Striated muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What layer of the stomach wall is primarily responsible for churning and mixing food?

<p>Muscularis externa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the mucosa layer in the stomach?

<p>It is packed with branched tubular glands. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 'rugae' mentioned in the text are folds of which of these?

<p>Mucosa and submucosa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the muscularis mucosae?

<p>To provide structural support and movement to the mucosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the submucosa layer?

<p>Gastric glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the lamina propria being indistinguishable at this magnification?

<p>The lamina propria is being compressed by the dense population of gastric glands. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the serosa in the stomach?

<p>Protection and lubrication of the outer surface of the stomach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what is the most likely location of the stomach wall depicted in the micrograph?

<p>The fundus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the muscularis is most greatly thickened at the pylorus?

<p>Circular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the villi within the small intestine?

<p>Absorption of nutrients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the core of a villus?

<p>Goblet cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the muscularis in the small intestine?

<p>Movement of chyme (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the specialized lymphatic vessel found in the core of a villus?

<p>Lacteal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium forms the surface of the villi?

<p>Simple columnar epithelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the muscular layers of the small intestine?

<p>The oblique layer is most prominent in the jejunum. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types secretes somatostatin?

<p>D cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between the muscularis and the mucosa in the small intestine?

<p>The muscularis surrounds the mucosa, separating it from the submucosa. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the 'submucosa' layer of the stomach?

<p>Support and vascularization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating pancreatic enzyme secretion and gallbladder contraction?

<p>Cholecystokinin (CCK) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cardiac glands?

<p>They are located in the pyloric region. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of serotonin and substance P, hormones released by EC cells?

<p>Increased gut motility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating gastric acid secretion?

<p>Gastrin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is primarily responsible for the secretion of abundant mucus in the cardiac glands?

<p>Mucous neck cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the permanent folds found in the small intestine?

<p>Plicae circularis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the release of pancreatic bicarbonate and water, and inhibiting gastric acid secretion?

<p>Secretin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the submucosa layer of the stomach?

<p>Parietal cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach?

<p>Absorb most nutrients from food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component responsible for the acidic environment in the stomach?

<p>Hydrochloric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors contributes to the development of gastric ulcers?

<p>Infection with Helicobacter pylori (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is chyme?

<p>The semi-solid, partially digested food mass in the stomach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the muscularis layer of the stomach play in digestion?

<p>Churning and mixing of food with gastric juices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Rugae

Large, longitudinal folds in the stomach that flatten when full.

Chyme

A viscous mass of food mixed with gastric fluids in the stomach.

Pepsin

An enzyme that begins protein digestion in the stomach.

Functions of the stomach

Digestion of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, and mixing foods into chyme.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gastric ulcers

Painful erosive lesions in the stomach lining, often caused by infection or medications.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Clusters of lesions

Painful sores that occur when immune defenses are low.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vermilion zone

Thin, keratinized area between lip and skin.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Keratinized cell layers

Protective skin layers that resist abrasion and dryness.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Masticatory mucosa

Type of mucosa, well-developed in areas that experience chewing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oral mucosa

Soft tissue lining the mouth, includes the lips.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Low immune defenses

Weak immune response due to stress, fever, or illness.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Striated muscle in lips

Muscle type found internally in the lips, aiding in movement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Epithelial cells

Cells that line the surfaces of the body, including the lips.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oral Cavity Epithelium

The lining of the oral cavity made up of stratified squamous epithelium.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Keratinization

The process where epithelial cells become hardened due to keratin layers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Desquamation

The continuous shedding of superficial cells in the oral epithelium.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nonkeratinized Epithelium

Epithelial layer that retains nuclei in shed cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parakeratinized Epithelium

A type of oral epithelium that is partially keratinized.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Herpes Simplex 1

A viral infection causing lesions in the oral cavity or skin.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Canker Sores

Ulcerating lesions of the oral mucosa caused by viral infections.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cold Sores

Vesicular lesions on the skin near the mouth from herpes simplex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mucosa

The innermost layer of the stomach wall, containing glands.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Submucosa

The layer of loose connective tissue beneath the mucosa, containing vessels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Muscularis externa

The layer of muscle responsible for stomach contractions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Serosa

The outermost layer of the stomach wall, providing protection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gastric glands

Branched tubular glands in the mucosa producing stomach fluids.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lamina propria

A layer of connective tissue within the mucosa.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Micrograph

A low-magnification image used to observe small structures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cardiac glands

Glands in the stomach that secrete mucus to protect the lining.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pyloric glands

Glands in the pylorus of the stomach, primarily secreting mucus without chief cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Enteroendocrine cells

Cells in the gastrointestinal tract that produce hormones influencing digestion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Somatostatin

Hormone produced by D cells that inhibits secretion from other DNES cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gastrin

Hormone produced by G cells that stimulates gastric acid secretion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Hormone from I cells that promotes pancreatic enzyme secretion and gallbladder contraction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1)

Hormone from L cells that promotes insulin secretion and inhibits gastric acid secretion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Motilin

Hormone from Mo cells that increases gut motility.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Secretin

Hormone released by S cells that stimulates pancreatic and biliary bicarbonate secretion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Muscularis

The muscular layer of the intestinal wall with three layers: outer longitudinal, middle circular, and innermost oblique.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Villi

Small, finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Enterocytes

The absorptive cells that line the villi and helps absorb nutrients.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Goblet cells

Cells interspersed among enterocytes that secrete mucus to protect the intestinal lining.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lacteal

A lymphatic vessel found in the center of each villus that absorbs fatty acids and fats.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pyloric sphincter

A thickened muscular layer at the pylorus of the stomach that controls the passage of chyme into the small intestine.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Digestive Tract Overview

  • The digestive system includes the digestive tract (oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, anus) and associated glands (salivary, liver, pancreas).
  • Its function is to obtain nutrients from food for body maintenance, growth, and energy.
  • Digestion breaks down complex molecules (proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, fats) into smaller subunits for absorption.
  • Water and electrolytes are mainly absorbed in the large intestine.
  • The digestive tract has four main layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.

Digestive Tract Structures

  • Oral Cavity: Lined with stratified squamous epithelium (keratinized, partially keratinized, nonkeratinized).
  • Tongue: Striated muscle for chewing and swallowing, contains taste buds.
  • Teeth: Enamel-covered crowns, dentin, and cementum, rooted in dental alveoli, support chewing and crushing food.
  • Esophagus: Muscular tube connecting pharynx to stomach, predominantly skeletal muscle in upper 1/3, mixed in middle, smooth in lower 1/3.
  • Stomach: Dilated segment for continued carbohydrate digestion, churning creating chyme, with added acidic fluid, initiation of triglyceride and protein digestion, including pepsin function.
  • Small Intestine: Significant for absorption of nutrients from chyme, with circular folds (plicae circulares), villi, and microvilli that vastly increase surface area.
  • Large Intestine: Absorbs water and electrolytes, forms feces with goblet cell mucus secretion and haustra.
  • Anus: Distal end, with internal and external anal sphincters for controlling defecation.

Specialized Structures

  • Esophageal Glands: Secrete lubricating mucus.
  • Gastric Glands: Produce gastric juice comprising hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen, mucus, and intrinsic factor.
  • Intestinal Glands (Crypts of Lieberkühn): Contain stem cells, goblet cells, and specialized absorptive cells (enterocytes)
  • Paneth cells: Located in intestinal crypts, release antibacterial enzymes
  • Enteroendocrine cells: Scattered epithelial cells within the GI tract, producing various hormones involved in digestion.
  • Goblet cells: Produce mucus.
  • Villi: Finger-like projections increase surface area for absorption in small intestine.
  • Plicae circulares: Circular folds in small intestine increase surface area.
  • Microvilli: Microscopic projections on enterocytes, further increase surface area for absorption in small intestine.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Histology Gastro 1st PDF

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser