Mouth Biology Quiz & Flashcards on Salivary Glands

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a gland in the body?

To aid in digestion

To regulate body temperature

To produce a chemical secretion necessary for normal body functioning (correct)

To produce a chemical reaction

What is the classification of glands based on the distribution of their secretion?

Apocrine and Merocrine

Tubular and Alveolar

Endocrine and Exocrine (correct)

Simple and Compound

What is the shape of the secretory units in salivary glands?

Unicellular

Alveolar or Acinar

Tubuloalveolar or Tubuloacinar (correct)

Tubular

What is the type of secretion in salivary glands?

Merocrine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mesenchyme in salivary glands?

To divide the gland into lobes and lobules Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main components of salivary glands?

Parenchyme and mesenchyme Signup and view all the answers

How many types of salivary glands are classified based on their size?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the gland that opens into the oral cavity?

Salivary gland Signup and view all the answers

What type of gland is the adult parotid?

Purely serous Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following glands is not a minor sublingual gland?

Submandibular Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of development of salivary glands?

Formation of bud, formation of chord, branching of chords, formation of lobule Signup and view all the answers

What induces the overlying epithelium to proliferate in Stage I of salivary gland development?

Underlying mesenchyma Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the branching process in Stage III of salivary gland development?

EGF and its receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of extensive branching of the terminal ends in Stage IV of salivary gland development?

Formation of lobules Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of FGF7 in salivary gland development?

Stalk elongation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the basal lamina in salivary gland development?

Separates the bud from the underlying mesenchyme Signup and view all the answers

During stage V of salivary gland development, what occurs due to different rates of cell proliferation between the outer and inner layers of the epithelial chord?

Canalization of the chords Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of myoepithelial cells during salivary gland development?

Muscle contraction to facilitate saliva secretion Signup and view all the answers

During which week of development do the cords of the submandibular gland canalize and form ducts?

10-12 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which the terminal secretary acini and intercalated ducts differentiate to form the terminal ends of the branching tree?

Cytodifferentiation Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of major salivary glands are present in human beings?

3 pairs Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the largest salivary gland?

Parotid gland Signup and view all the answers

During which week of development do the buds of the parotid gland appear near the angle of the primitive mouth?

6-8 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the protein involved in the induction of acinar cell differentiation?

Laminin Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the parotid gland?

Below the external acoustic meatus Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the parotid gland?

A three-sided pyramid Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the parotid duct?

5 cms Signup and view all the answers

What is the nerve supply of the parotid gland?

Auriculotemporal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight of the parotid gland?

15 gms Signup and view all the answers

What is the lymphatic drainage of the parotid gland?

Parotid nodes and upper deep cervical nodes Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the submandibular gland?

In the submandibular triangle Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the submandibular gland?

J-shaped Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight of the submandibular gland?

10-15 gms Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the duct that drains the submandibular gland?

Wharton's duct Signup and view all the answers

Where does the submandibular gland lie in relation to the mylohyoid?

Deep to the mylohyoid Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the sublingual salivary gland?

Almond-shaped Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of excretory ducts in the sublingual salivary gland?

8-20 Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of obstruction of the ducts draining any salivary gland?

Retention cyst formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the retention cyst that occurs in the floor of the mouth due to trauma?

Ranula Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies the sublingual salivary gland?

Both lingual and submental arteries Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Glands and Their Functions

Glands are specialized organs that produce and secrete hormones or fluids.
Classification based on secretion distribution includes endocrine (directly into bloodstream) and exocrine (through ducts).

Salivary Glands Structure and Function

Secretory units in salivary glands are typically acinar or tubular-shaped.
Salivary glands primarily secrete saliva, which aids in digestion and oral health.
Mesenchyme supports salivary glands during development, influencing cellular organization and differentiation.

Components and Classification of Salivary Glands

Salivary glands consist of secretory cells and ductal cells.
There are three major types of salivary glands based on size: major (larger) and minor (smaller).
The gland that opens into the oral cavity is the submandibular gland.

Parotid Gland Information

The adult parotid gland is classified as a serous gland, primarily producing watery secretion.
Parotid gland buds appear around the 6th week of development near the primitive mouth.
The parotid gland is situated anterior to the ear, has a lobular shape, and its duct is approximately 5 cm long.
The parotid gland's nerve supply comes primarily from the glossopharyngeal nerve, and it drains lymph into the deep cervical lymph nodes.
The weight of an average parotid gland is around 20 grams.

Submandibular and Sublingual Glands Information

The submandibular gland is located beneath the jaw, is shaped like a horseshoe, and weighs about 7-8 grams.
The Wharton's duct drains the submandibular gland and lies superficial to the mylohyoid muscle.
The sublingual salivary gland has a flat shape and contains multiple excretory ducts, ranging from 10 to 12.
Obstruction of ducts can lead to swelling and the formation of retention cysts in the mouth, known as mucocele.

Developmental Aspects of Salivary Glands

Salivary gland development progresses through several stages;
- Stage I initiates through overlying epithelial proliferation.
- Stage III sees the branching process regulated by signaling factors.
- Extensive branching in Stage IV leads to complex structures of terminal ends.
- FGF7 plays a crucial role in promoting cell differentiation during development.
During Stage V, varying cell proliferation rates result in distinctive inner and outer epithelial layers.
Myoepithelial cells function to facilitate secretion from the glands during development.
The cords of the submandibular gland canalize around week 12 of gestation.

Additional Key Points

Acinar cell differentiation is induced by specific proteins produced during gland development.
Major salivary glands include parotid, submandibular, and sublingual, totaling three pairs in humans.

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Description

Learn about the introduction to salivary glands, their classification, secretory units, and structures. This quiz covers the basics of oral biology and is perfect for students of dentistry or biology.

Oral Biology: Salivary Glands

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