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Questions and Answers
The mucosa of the tongue is composed of three parts.
False
Filiform papillae are mushroom-shaped and contain taste buds.
False
Fungiform papillae are found at the tip and lateral sides of the tongue.
True
Circumvallate papillae are found at the tip of the tongue.
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The epithelium of fungiform papillae is keratinized.
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The ducts of serous minor salivary glands open into the trench surrounding the circumvallate papillae.
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Taste buds are found on the superior surface of circumvallate papillae.
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The core of filiform papillae is made of epithelium.
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The mucosa of the tongue is covered by masticatory mucosa (non-keratinized).
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The lamina propria of fungiform papillae has many secondary papillae.
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Study Notes
Oral Mucosa
- Definition: The oral mucosa is the moist lining of the oral cavity.
Functions of Oral Mucosa
- Protection: protects deeper tissues from mechanical forces and abrasive nature of foodstuffs, and acts as a barrier against oral microorganisms.
- Sensation: responds to temperature, touch, pain, and taste, with some receptors responding to thirst.
- Secretion: produces saliva to maintain a moist surface, assist in mastication, swallowing, and speech.
Development of Oral Mucosa
- Composed of two layers: oral epithelium (derived from ectoderm) and lamina propria (derived from ectomesenchymal cells).
- The two layers are firmly cemented together by the basement membrane.
Histological Structure of Oral Mucosa
- Oral epithelium: stratified squamous epithelium composed of keratinocytes and non-keratinocytes.
- Lamina propria: connective tissue supporting the oral epithelium.
Types of Oral Epithelium
- Keratinized oral epithelium: found in areas subjected to mechanical forces of mastication (e.g., gingiva and hard palate).
- Parakeratinized oral epithelium: found in gingival mucosa, with pyknotic nuclei in the keratinous layer.
- Non-keratinized oral epithelium: found in lining mucosa of the oral cavity (e.g., lips, cheeks, alveolar mucosa, soft palate, and floor of the mouth).
Non-Keratinocytes
- Present at various levels in the oral epithelium (about 10% of epithelial cells).
- Types: pigment cells (melanocytes), Langerhans' cells, Merkel cells, and defensive cells (inflammatory cells).
Junction of Epithelium and Lamina Propria
- Basement membrane: anchors epithelium to connective tissue, acts as a mechanical barrier against malignant cells, and accelerates differentiation of endothelial cells.
- Composed of basal lamina: lamina lucida (clear zone) and lamina densa (dark zone).
Classification of Oral Mucosa
- Masticatory mucosa (keratinized mucosa): found in areas subjected to mechanical forces of mastication.
- Lining mucosa (non-keratinized mucosa): found in areas not subjected to mechanical forces.
- Specialized mucosa: found on the dorsal surface of the tongue, containing different types of lingual papillae.
Specialized Mucosa
- Location: dorsal surface of the tongue.
- Covered by masticatory mucosa (keratinized).
- Containing different types of lingual papillae, some of which bear taste buds.
Tongue Papillae
- Filiform papillae: thread-shaped, most numerous, and found in lines parallel to sulcus terminalis.
- Fungiform papillae: mushroom-shaped, less numerous, and found at the tip and lateral sides of the tongue.
- Circumvallate papillae: V-shaped row along the sulcus terminalis, larger than other papillae, and containing numerous taste buds.
Mucocutaneous Junction
- Vermilion border of the lip: the junction of the oral mucosa and skin.
Age Changes of Oral Mucosa
- Not discussed in the provided text.
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Description
This quiz covers the oral mucosa, including its functions, development, histological structure, and types of oral epithelium. It's designed for dental students at Al-Alamein International University's Faculty of Dentistry.
