Optimal Tax and Marginal Abatement Cost Quiz

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In the context of emissions and abatement costs, what happens when the marginal cost (MC) is lower than the marginal damage (MD)?

Taxes overproduce emission abatement

Which of the following is true about optimal tax (t*) and pre-set tax (t)?

t* results in underproduction of emissions compared to t

What is the preferred choice when the slope of the marginal cost curve is less than the slope of the marginal damage curve?

Permits

How do general results under uncertainty suggest choosing between licenses and taxes?

<p>The choice depends on the specific circumstances and slope comparisons</p> Signup and view all the answers

When true marginal costs of abatement are lower, what tends to happen with the abatement levels?

<p>Overproduction of emission abatement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication when marginal damages are steeper in terms of emission production?

<p>Optimal tax tends to be higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the firm need to consider to determine if they should adopt new technology without emissions regulation?

<p>Society's net gain from technology adoption</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining the socially optimal adoption decision without emissions regulation?

<p>Cost of new technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the benefit to the firm from adoption calculated when bringing emissions tax into the picture?

<p>Total Change in Abatement Cost (A1 to A2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In determining the socially optimal adoption decision without emissions regulation, which factor represents reduced social damage?

<p>Reduced social damage from additional abatement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the firm need to compare with X to determine if they should adopt new technology without emissions regulation?

<p>E+F+G+H</p> Signup and view all the answers

When considering taxation vs. licenses, what is included in the Net gain to firm from technology adoption?

<p>+E+F+G+H+K+L+P</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an abatement subsidy involve?

<p>Government paying firms for every unit of pollution they produce</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of abatement subsidy, what determines whether a firm will choose to abate?

<p>When Marginal Benefit of Abatement (MBA) &gt; Marginal Cost of Abatement (MCA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an assumption made regarding firms under an emissions tax or standard policy?

<p>Firms are assumed not to try to cheat</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an abatement subsidy change the Marginal Benefit of Abatement (MBA)?

<p>Raises MBA to be equal to Social Marginal Benefit of Abatement (SMBA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept can be used as an equivalent representation of abatement in the context of abatement subsidy?

<p>Foregone emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an Emissions Tax, Emissions Standard, and Abatement Subsidy have in common?

<p>They are all equivalent from an emissions perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

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