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Questions and Answers
In order to maximize the distance traveled per unit of energy used, how fast should a bird fly?
In order to maximize the distance traveled per unit of energy used, how fast should a bird fly?
What muscle is responsible for lifting the bird's wing on the recovery stroke?
What muscle is responsible for lifting the bird's wing on the recovery stroke?
What gait of intermittent flight reduces energetic cost associated with a bird traveling at fast airspeeds?
What gait of intermittent flight reduces energetic cost associated with a bird traveling at fast airspeeds?
A bird with low aspect ratio wings and low wing loading is likely specialized for...
A bird with low aspect ratio wings and low wing loading is likely specialized for...
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What are the forces a bird must overcome in order to fly? Choose all that apply
What are the forces a bird must overcome in order to fly? Choose all that apply
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True or False: The air sac's in a bird's respiratory system are where gas exchange occurs.
True or False: The air sac's in a bird's respiratory system are where gas exchange occurs.
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Which of the following are true statements about endothermy?
Which of the following are true statements about endothermy?
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Why does a bird's metabolic rate increase at ambient temperatures below the lower critical threshold and above the upper critical threshold?
Why does a bird's metabolic rate increase at ambient temperatures below the lower critical threshold and above the upper critical threshold?
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What makes the bird respiratory system so much more efficient than the mammalian respiratory system
What makes the bird respiratory system so much more efficient than the mammalian respiratory system
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Why isn't torpor a practical strategy for large birds?
Why isn't torpor a practical strategy for large birds?
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Study Notes
Bird Flight and Physiology
- To maximize distance traveled per unit of energy, a bird should fly at a speed that minimizes energy expenditure.
- The supracoracoideus muscle is responsible for lifting the bird's wing on the recovery stroke.
- Intermittent flight, characterized by periods of flapping and gliding, reduces energetic cost associated with fast airspeeds.
- A bird with low aspect ratio wings and low wing loading is likely specialized for maneuverability and lift, such as urban or forest-dwelling birds.
Forces of Flight
- A bird must overcome forces of lift, drag, and weight to fly.
Respiratory System
- Gas exchange does not occur in the air sacs of a bird's respiratory system.
- Endothermy, the ability to regulate body temperature, is true for birds, and it allows for:
- Increased metabolic efficiency
- Improved muscle function
- Enhanced flexibility in activity patterns
- A bird's metabolic rate increases at ambient temperatures below the lower critical threshold and above the upper critical threshold due to the need to maintain a stable body temperature.
- The bird respiratory system is more efficient than the mammalian system because it uses air sacs, which provide a larger surface area for gas exchange, and the lungs are more efficient at extracting oxygen.
Torpor and Size
- Torpor, a state of reduced metabolic activity, is not a practical strategy for large birds because it would lead to a significant loss of body heat, making it difficult to recover.
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Description
Quizzes 3 and 4 leading up to exam 1. MIZ 2024
