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Optics - Unit VI Quiz

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Optics - Unit VI Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the unit of power of a lens?

Dioptre

What is the formula for the power of lens?

P = 1/f

What is the lens maker's formula?

1/f = (μ - 1) (1/R1 - 1/R2)

What are the laws of reflection of light?

<p>The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. The incident ray, reflected ray, and normal all lie on the same plane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for lateral magnification in case of spherical mirror?

<p>m = -h’/h = v/u = f/f - u</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the lateral magnification in case of a lens?

<p>m = -h’/h = v/u</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for critical angle?

<p>Sin θc = 1/μ</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is total internal reflection?

<p>When a ray of light passes from a denser medium to a rarer medium, the refracted ray bends away from the normal. If the angle of incidence is increased further, the refracted ray will eventually bend so much that it lies along the interface between the two media. If the angle of incidence is increased further, the ray will turn back into the denser medium, and the phenomenon is called total internal reflection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are optical instruments?

<p>Optical instruments use lenses and mirrors to produce magnified or diminished images and focus light for various applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for magnification of a compound microscope?

<p>M = Mo x Me = ( <em>1</em>+ <em>D</em>/ <em>f_o</em>) * (<em>1</em> + <em>D</em>/ <em>f__e</em>)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for magnification of a telescope?

<p>M = <em>f_o</em>/ <em>f_e</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Refraction

The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

Total Internal Reflection

The complete reflection of light at the boundary between two media when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.

Critical Angle

The angle of incidence at which the angle of refraction is 90 degrees.

Optical Instruments

Optical instruments are tools that use lenses and mirrors to manipulate light and create images.

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Lens Maker's Formula

The Lens Maker's formula is used to calculate the focal length of a lens based on its curvature and refractive index.

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Sign Conventions

Sign conventions are rules used to assign positive or negative values to distances and heights in optical problems.

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Magnification

The magnification of an optical instrument describes how much larger or smaller the image appears compared to the object.

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Focal length

The focal length of a lens is the distance between the lens and the point where parallel rays of light converge after passing through the lens.

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Image at Infinity

The image at infinity is formed when the object is placed at a distance greater than the focal length of the lens.

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Image at Least Distance

The image at least distance is formed when the object is placed at a distance less than the focal length of the lens.

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Focal Point

The point at which light rays converge or appear to converge after passing through a lens or mirror is called the focal point.

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Refraction at Spherical Surfaces

Refraction at Spherical Surfaces describes how light bends when passing through a curved surface, such as a lens.

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Principle Axis

The principle axis is an imaginary line passing through the center of curvature of a lens or mirror.

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Optical Center

The optical center of a lens is the point where the central ray passes through without being deviated.

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Converging Lens

A converging lens is a lens that causes parallel rays of light to converge at a point.

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Diverging Lens

A diverging lens is a lens that causes parallel rays of light to diverge as if they were coming from a virtual point.

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Refractive Index

The refractive index of a medium is a measure of how much light bends when it passes from a vacuum into that medium.

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Power of a Lens

The power of a lens is a measure of how much it converges or diverges light.

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Lens Equation

The lens equation relates the object distance, image distance, and focal length of a lens.

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Real Image

A real image is formed when light rays actually converge at a point.

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Virtual Image

A virtual image is formed when light rays appear to converge at a point, but do not actually meet there.

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Concave Mirror

A concave mirror is a mirror that curves inwards.

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Convex Mirror

A convex mirror is a mirror that curves outwards.

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Radius of Curvature

The radius of curvature of a mirror is the distance between the mirror's surface and its center of curvature.

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Center of Curvature

The center of curvature of a mirror is the center of the sphere from which the mirror was cut.

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Mirror Equation

The mirror equation relates the object distance, image distance, and focal length of a mirror.

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Study Notes

Optics - Unit VI

Syllabus: Refraction of light, total internal reflection, lenses, thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through slabs, prisms, lenses, and optical instruments.

Chapter Analysis

Concepts: Reflection and refraction of light and optical instruments.
List of concepts: Reflection by spherical mirrors, refraction through glass slabs, prisms, and lenses; total internal reflection.

Sign Conventions

Origin: Optical center or the pole of the mirror is taken as the origin.
X-axis: The principal axis.
Positive direction: Distances measured in the direction of the incident ray are positive.
Negative direction: Distances measured in the opposite direction of the incident ray are negative.

Ray Optics & Optical Instruments

Refraction on Spherical Surfaces: Formulas for refraction on spherical surfaces. Includes formulas for lateral magnification (calculating the ratio of image height to object height).
Lens Maker's Formula: Describes relationship between focal length, radii of curvature, and refractive index of lens materials.
Lens Formula: Calculates the position of the image and object distance.

Optical Instruments

M=Image/Object: Calculating magnification in optical instruments like Microscopes and Telescopes.
Microscope: Formula for calculating magnification.
Telescope: Formula for calculating magnification.

Refraction

Refraction of Light: Refraction of light occurs when light travels from one medium to another. The laws of reflection define how light interacts with the boundary between these two transparent mediums.

Total Internal Reflection

Critical Angle: The incident angle at which the refracted angle is 90°. When the incident angle is greater than the critical angle, the light is totally internally reflected.
Optical Fiber: A light-carrying cylindrical fiber that uses total internal reflection.

Critical Angle

Definition: The incident angle at which the refracted angle is 90°.
Application: Total internal reflection (TIR).

Angle of Deviation

Minimum Deviation: The smallest angle of deviation when light passes through a prism.

Topic 1: Refraction and Total Internal Reflection

Revision Notes:
- Refraction of light involves change in speed and direction of light as it travels from one medium to another. This occurs according to the laws of reflection.
- The incident ray or refracted ray, and the normal at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.
- The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant.

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Test your knowledge on the principles of refraction, total internal reflection, and lenses in this quiz on Unit VI of Optics. Explore concepts such as the behavior of light through various mediums and optical instruments. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of these key topics.

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