Optics Review Solutions

Optics Review Solutions

• Chemiluminescence: Light produced by a chemical reaction without a temperature increase. Examples include glow sticks.
• Bioluminescence: Organisms producing light, such as fireflies.
• Fluorescence: Absorbing UV light and immediately emitting light, an example is a fluorescent light.
• Electric Discharge: Passing an electric current through a gas to produce light.
• Phosphorescence: Absorbing UV light and emitting light over time, an example is glow in the dark toys.
• Incandescence: Light production due to high temperatures.
• Triboluminescence: Light created through scratching, rubbing, or crushing certain crystals.
• Transparent: Allows light to pass through easily.
• Translucent: Allows some light to pass through but not clearly.
• Opaque: Does not allow light to pass through.
• Luminous: Produces its own light.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

• The electromagnetic spectrum shows the different wavelengths of light, from radio waves with the longest wavelengths to gamma rays with the shortest wavelengths.
• Included are radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible light, UV light, X-rays and gamma rays

Law of Reflection

• The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. Light reflects off a surface at the same angle it hits the surface.
• A diagram illustrates the incident ray, reflected ray and the normal line as a 90 degree angle

Concave Mirror Calculations

• Object Height (ho): 4.0 cm
• Object Distance (do): 30 cm
• Focal Length (f): 10 cm
• Image Distance (di): 15 cm
• Image Height (hi): -2 cm (The negative sign indicates an inverted image)
• Real Image: The object distance is greater than the focal length and is in front of the mirror.
• Magnification (m): The height of the image divided by the height of the object

Convex Mirror Calculations

• Focal Length (f): -5 cm (convex mirror, negative sign)
• Object Distance (do): 15 cm
• Image Distance (di): -3.75 cm (negative sign indicates a virtual image)
• Magnification (m): 4

Ray Diagrams

• S.A.L.T: Used for describing images. Properties include: size of the image, attitude (upright or inverted), location of the image and type (real or virtual).

Refraction

• Refraction: Bending of light when it travels from one medium to another.
• Critical Angle: Angle at which light moving from a denser medium into a less-dense medium is refracted at 90°

Speed of light

• Speed of light: 3 x 10⁸ m/s
• Index of Refraction: Describes how much light slows down in a specific material

Human Eye

• Refraction: Primary occurs in the cornea.
• Myopia (Nearsightedness): The image is focused in front of the retina and corrected with a diverging lens
• Hyperopia (Farsightedness): The image is focused behind the retina and corrected with a converging lens.
• Presbyopia: Loss of accommodation in the eye. Corrected with converging lenses.
• Astigmatism: An imperfection in the eye's shape that causes blurred vision.

Test your understanding of key concepts in optics with this review quiz. Explore definitions and examples of light phenomena including chemiluminescence, fluorescence, and the electromagnetic spectrum. Perfect for students wanting to strengthen their grasp of optics fundamentals.