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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between regular reflection and diffuse reflection?

Regular reflection occurs when a surface is extremely smooth, resulting in a sharp and clear image. Diffuse reflection occurs when a surface is slightly rough, causing a blurry or fuzzy image to form, or no image at all.

How is visible light categorized in the electromagnetic spectrum?

Visible light has a wavelength range from approximately 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red).

What can we learn by analyzing the EM spectrum emitted by a source?

By analyzing the electromagnetic spectrum emitted by a source, we can determine the frequency or wavelength of the waves, which provides information about the type of radiation and the energy of the source.

What is the function of the cornea in the eye?

<p>The cornea refracts light, providing about two-thirds of the eye's optical power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the macula in the human eye?

<p>The macula is the place where light is focused by the structures in the front of the eye (cornea &amp; lens). It takes the picture that is sent to the brain, where vision is completed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the optic nerve in vision?

<p>The optic nerve sends information from the retina to the brain so that it can be processed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary colors of light?

<p>The primary colors of light are red, green, and blue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the power radiated and the acceleration of charged particles?

<p>The power radiated is proportional to the square of the acceleration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the observed intensity of thermal radiation vary with temperature?

<p>The observed intensity of thermal radiation grows rapidly with increasing temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a line spectrum and how is it produced?

<p>A line spectrum is a set of characteristic frequencies emitted by atoms and molecules when excited in collisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an absorption spectrum and how is it produced?

<p>An absorption spectrum is a nearly continuous spectrum with missing lines, produced when atoms and molecules absorb light waves with the same set of characteristic frequencies that appear in their emission spectrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between regular reflection and diffuse reflection?

<p>Regular reflection occurs when a surface is extremely smooth, resulting in a sharp and clear image formed by reflection. Diffuse reflection occurs when a surface is slightly rough, leading to a blurry or fuzzy image, or no image at all.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic waves?

<p>The frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic waves are inversely proportional. They are related by the equation c = λf, where c is the speed of light, λ is the wavelength, and f is the frequency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the wavelength range of visible light?

<p>Visible light has a wavelength range from approximately 400 nm to 700 nm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary colors of light?

<p>The primary colors of light are red, green, and blue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the categories of electromagnetic waves based on their frequency?

<p>Electromagnetic waves are categorized based on their frequency, or equivalently, their wavelength. The categories include ultraviolet light, X-rays, gamma rays, visible light, infrared light, microwaves, and radio and television waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an image?

<p>An image is a copy of an object that is formed by reflected or refracted light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the wavelength range of infrared light?

<p>Infrared light has a wavelength range from approximately 2.5 μm to 750 nm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of red light?

<p>Red light has a frequency of approximately 4.3 × 10^14 Hz.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the iris in the human eye?

<p>The iris controls the size and diameter of the pupils, which serves to adjust the amount of light that enters the retina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the lens in the human eye?

<p>The lens helps to refract light and focus it onto the retina. It changes shape to adjust its focal distance so that the eye can focus on objects at different distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the optic nerve?

<p>The optic nerve sends information from the retina to the brain so that it can be processed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the macula in the human eye responsible for?

<p>The macula in the human eye is the place where light is focused by the structures in the front of the eye (cornea &amp; lens). It takes the picture that is sent to the brain, where vision is completed. The macula provides us with the ability to read and see in great detail whereas the rest of the retina provides peripheral vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cornea in the eye?

<p>The cornea refracts light, providing about two-thirds of the eye's optical power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rods in the human eye?

<p>The rods sense brightness and are favored during nighttime, when color is mostly absent and objects are viewed on a grayscale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cones in the human eye?

<p>The cones are the color receptors of the eye and are used more during daytime when colors are more vibrant and pronounced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sclera in the human eye?

<p>The sclera is the white outer layer of the eyeball. At the front of the eye, it is continuous with the cornea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the retina in the eye?

<p>The retina lines the inner surface of the eye and creates images based on the light passing through the eye. These images are then sent to the brain via the optic nerve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Planck Radiation Law and how does it describe the intensity of radiation?

<p>The Planck Radiation Law describes the intensity of radiation as a function of wavelength for a fixed temperature. It gives a continuous distribution, which peaks at some wavelength. The equation for the Planck Radiation Law is $B(\lambda, T) = \frac{2hc^2}{\lambda^5} \frac{1}{e^{hc/\lambda kT} - 1}$, where $B(\lambda, T)$ is the intensity of radiation at wavelength $\lambda$ and temperature $T$, $h$ is Planck's constant, $c$ is the speed of light, and $k$ is the Boltzmann constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a line spectrum and how is it produced?

<p>A line spectrum is a spectrum consisting of a set of discrete wavelengths or frequencies. It is produced when excited atoms or molecules emit light with a set of characteristic frequencies, resulting in a series of emission lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an absorption spectrum and how is it produced?

<p>An absorption spectrum is a spectrum characterized by a set of missing wavelengths or frequencies. It is produced when atoms or molecules absorb light waves with the same characteristic frequencies that appear in their emission spectrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the law of reflection and how does it apply to the reflection of light?

<p>The law of reflection states that the angle at which the reflected rays bounce off a surface is equal to the angle at which the incident rays strike the surface. This applies to the reflection of all light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the electromagnetic spectrum and what are its different components?

<p>The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all types of electromagnetic radiation. It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of aperture in the context of mirrors?

<p>Aperture describes how much light will be intercepted by a mirror. It determines the size of the mirror and affects the amount of light that can be reflected or refracted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the center of curvature and why is it useful when locating images?

<p>The center of curvature is the center of the imaginary sphere upon which a curved mirror rests. It is useful when locating images because it helps determine the position and size of the image formed by the mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are concave mirrors and what types of images do they form?

<p>Concave mirrors are converging mirrors that can form either real or virtual images. The type of image formed depends on the position of the object relative to the focal point of the mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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