Opioid Intoxication and Overdose

What is a common sign of opioid intoxication?

Piloerection
Diaphoresis
Pupillary constriction (correct)
Pupillary dilation

What is the primary medication used in opioid overdose?

Buprenorphine
Clonidine
Naloxone (correct)
Methadone

What is a symptom of opioid withdrawal?

Respiratory depression
Hallucinations
Pupillary dilation
Pruritus (correct)

What is the mechanism of action of Buprenorphine?

Partial opioid receptor agonist (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of severe cocaine intoxication?

Respiratory depression (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for severe cocaine intoxication?

Benzodiazepines (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of cocaine withdrawal?

Craving (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Phencyclidine (PCP)?

NMDA glutamate receptor agonist (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of PCP intoxication?

Diminished perception of pain (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a medication used in opioid withdrawal?

Clonidine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Naltrexone?

Mu-receptor opioid antagonist (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective approach to smoking cessation?

Combination therapy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for Varenicline (Chantix)?

Epilepsy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Bupropion (Zyban)?

Dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect of Naltrexone?

Dizziness (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Varenicline (Chantix)?

Blocks nicotine receptors (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for Bupropion (Zyban)?

Epilepsy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of medication in nicotine dependence treatment?

Reduce nicotine craving (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect of Varenicline (Chantix)?

Nausea (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Naltrexone in treating alcohol dependence?

Reduces alcohol-induced euphoria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of alcohol?

CNS depressant (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is NOT used to manage multidirectional nystagmus?

Acetaminophen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of benzodiazepines in managing multidirectional nystagmus?

Sedation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common adverse effect of marijuana?

Dry mouth (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for using antipsychotics in multidirectional nystagmus management?

Psychosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most severe adverse effect of chronic marijuana use?

Hyperemesis syndrome (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of alcohol withdrawal?

Hand tremors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic effect of haloperidol in multidirectional nystagmus management?

Antipsychosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common symptom of marijuana withdrawal?

Irritability (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for using physical restraints in multidirectional nystagmus management?

For the shortest duration necessary (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for hospitalizing patients with complicated alcohol withdrawal?

To prevent seizures, unstable vitals, and cardiac arrhythmias (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of delirium tremens?

Drowsiness and lethargy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Disulfram (Antabuse)?

Inhibits Aldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to increased acetaldehyde levels (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for complicated alcohol withdrawal?

To prevent seizures and stabilize vital signs (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is NOT used to treat alcohol withdrawal?

Metformin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical time frame for the onset of delirium tremens?

Between 48-72 hours after the last drink (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the CAGE Questionnaire?

To screen for alcohol use disorder (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is used to treat hypertension and tachycardia in alcohol withdrawal?

Beta Blockers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of Acamprosate (Campral) in the treatment of alcohol use disorder?

Supports abstinence (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal?

Tachycardia, hypertension, and hyperactive reflexes (D) Signup and view all the answers