30 Questions
What is the term that refers to drugs derived from the opium poppy?
Opiates
What type of opioid receptor is responsible for mediating analgesia at the spinal and supraspinal level?
µ (mu) receptors
Which of the following opioids is NOT primarily used for oral administration in dentistry?
Morphine
What is the main reason opioids are used in dentistry?
To relieve pain
What is the source of opium?
Papaver somniferum
What is the effect of µ (mu) receptors on GI motility?
Inhibition
What is the primary reason opioids are not the first choice analgesics in dental practice?
They are not anti-inflammatory
What is Tramadol considered as an alternative for?
Individuals who cannot tolerate opioids
What is a potential consequence of using opioids in dental practice?
Physical dependence and psychological dependence
What type of interaction can occur between opioids and CNS depressants?
Summation of effects
Which medications are known to produce at least additive CNS depression when combined with opioids?
Phenothiazines
Why is it important for dentists to be aware of potential interactions between opioids and other drugs?
To minimize the risk of adverse interactions
What is the primary effect of opioid analgesics on nociceptive information in the spinal cord?
inhibition of ascending transmission of nociceptive information
Which of the following types of pain is effectively relieved by opioid analgesics?
severe, acute pain
What is the therapeutic use of morphine in anesthesia?
as a pre-medicant drug
Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic use of opioid analgesics?
control of hypertension
What is the result of activating peripheral μ receptors?
decrease in sensory neuron activity
What is the outcome of opioid analgesics on pain perception?
reduction of pain perception
What is the mechanism of action of Tramadol?
Inhibition of uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin
What is a potential adverse reaction of Morphine?
Respiratory depression
What is the therapeutic use of Naloxone?
Treatment of acute poisoning
What is the mechanism of action of Morphine?
Full agonist activity on μ-receptors
What is a potential drug interaction of Tramadol?
With MAO inhibitors to reduce serotonin syndrome
What is the therapeutic use of Morphine in anesthesia?
Applications in Anesthesia
What is the triad used to diagnose morphine poisoning?
Respiratory depression, coma, and pinpoint pupil
Why is morphine contraindicated in patients with head injuries?
It may increase intracranial pressure and lead to lethal alterations in brain function
What is the effect of morphine on the fetus in pregnant women who are chronically using opioids?
It may cause the fetus to become physically dependent in utero
Why is morphine contraindicated in patients with impaired renal function?
It may cause prolonged half-life and increased toxicity
What is the effect of morphine on the biliary tract?
It increases biliary tract pressure and constricts the biliary sphincter
What is the mechanism of action of naloxone in morphine poisoning?
It antagonizes the action of morphine and reverses its effects
Test your knowledge on opioid analgesics, including their pharmacology, implications in dentistry, and management of dental pain. Learn how to identify morphine addiction and signs of morphine poisoning.
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