Opioid Analgesics in Dentistry
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Questions and Answers

What is the term that refers to drugs derived from the opium poppy?

  • Endogenous peptides
  • Opiates (correct)
  • Opioid analgesics
  • Morphine-like substances

What type of opioid receptor is responsible for mediating analgesia at the spinal and supraspinal level?

  • κ (kappa) receptors
  • δ (delta) receptors
  • µ (mu) receptors (correct)
  • All of the above

Which of the following opioids is NOT primarily used for oral administration in dentistry?

  • Pentazocine
  • Morphine (correct)
  • Codeine
  • Hydrocodone

What is the main reason opioids are used in dentistry?

<p>To relieve pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of opium?

<p>Papaver somniferum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of µ (mu) receptors on GI motility?

<p>Inhibition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason opioids are not the first choice analgesics in dental practice?

<p>They are not anti-inflammatory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Tramadol considered as an alternative for?

<p>Individuals who cannot tolerate opioids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of using opioids in dental practice?

<p>Physical dependence and psychological dependence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction can occur between opioids and CNS depressants?

<p>Summation of effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medications are known to produce at least additive CNS depression when combined with opioids?

<p>Phenothiazines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for dentists to be aware of potential interactions between opioids and other drugs?

<p>To minimize the risk of adverse interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of opioid analgesics on nociceptive information in the spinal cord?

<p>inhibition of ascending transmission of nociceptive information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of pain is effectively relieved by opioid analgesics?

<p>severe, acute pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic use of morphine in anesthesia?

<p>as a pre-medicant drug (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic use of opioid analgesics?

<p>control of hypertension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of activating peripheral μ receptors?

<p>decrease in sensory neuron activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of opioid analgesics on pain perception?

<p>reduction of pain perception (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Tramadol?

<p>Inhibition of uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse reaction of Morphine?

<p>Respiratory depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic use of Naloxone?

<p>Treatment of acute poisoning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Morphine?

<p>Full agonist activity on μ-receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drug interaction of Tramadol?

<p>With MAO inhibitors to reduce serotonin syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic use of Morphine in anesthesia?

<p>Applications in Anesthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the triad used to diagnose morphine poisoning?

<p>Respiratory depression, coma, and pinpoint pupil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is morphine contraindicated in patients with head injuries?

<p>It may increase intracranial pressure and lead to lethal alterations in brain function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of morphine on the fetus in pregnant women who are chronically using opioids?

<p>It may cause the fetus to become physically dependent in utero (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is morphine contraindicated in patients with impaired renal function?

<p>It may cause prolonged half-life and increased toxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of morphine on the biliary tract?

<p>It increases biliary tract pressure and constricts the biliary sphincter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of naloxone in morphine poisoning?

<p>It antagonizes the action of morphine and reverses its effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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