30 Questions
What is the primary function of the sclera in the eye?
To maintain the shape of the eye
What is the primary reason why ophthalmic preparations are rapidly drained away from the ocular cavity?
Due to tear flow and lacrimal nasal drainage
What type of ophthalmic preparation is designed to be administered inside the eye?
Intraocular
Which of the following is an example of a miotic drug?
Pilocarpine HCl
What is the function of the cornea in the eye?
To allow light to enter the eye
What is an example of an ophthalmic preparation that is used in conjunction with an ophthalmic device?
Irrigating solution
What is the primary function of the cornea?
To provide much of the eye's focusing power
What is the function of the iris?
To control the amount of light entering the eye
What is the purpose of the conjunctiva?
To lubricate the eye
What is the term for the inflammation of the conjunctivae?
Conjunctivitis
What is the function of the retina?
To convert images into electrical impulses
What is a common symptom of dry eye?
Itchy eyes
What is the vitreous humor?
A colorless gelatinous mass
What is the main cause of glaucoma?
Excessive aqueous humour
What is the normal volume of tears in the eye?
7-10 ul
What is the maximum volume of tears the unblinking eye can accommodate without spillage?
30 ul
Why do eye drops often drain rapidly from the eye?
Due to both rapid blinking and induced lachrymation
What type of ocular drug delivery system is characterized by a mixture that becomes a gel when exposed to eye temperature?
Sol-to-gel systems
What is the pore size range of filter medium used in sterilization by filtration?
0.025 to 14 μm
What is the purpose of preservatives in multiple-dose eye solutions and suspensions?
To maintain product sterility during use
What is the primary reason why heat sterilization cannot be used for most ophthalmic products?
The active principle or polymers used are not stable to heat.
Why are preservatives prohibited in ophthalmic products intended for intraocular use during eye surgery?
Preservatives can cause corneal endothelial cell damage
What type of packaging is recommended for ophthalmic products intended for intraocular use during eye surgery?
Sterile, unit-dose containers
Which organism is commonly associated with eye infections and loss of vision?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the purpose of adjusting the pH of ophthalmic preparations?
To enhance the stability of the formulation and comfort for the patient
What is the role of EDTA in combination with benzalkonium chloride?
To render resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa more sensitive to benzalkonium chloride
Why is it difficult to obtain the most suitable pH for maximum comfort of the eye?
Due to the complex buffering capacity of tears
What is the maximum concentration of benzalkonium chloride used in ophthalmic preparations?
0.01%
What is the effect of heat on chlorobutanol?
It decomposes with the formation of hydrochloric acid
What is the pH of tears?
7.4
Learn about ophthalmic preparations, including their definition, types, and challenges. Understand how solutions, suspensions, and ointments are used in ophthalmic care, and how they interact with the eye.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
