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Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of outsourcing for a business?
What is the main purpose of outsourcing for a business?
Which of the following is considered a pull factor for businesses relocating abroad?
Which of the following is considered a pull factor for businesses relocating abroad?
What is a disadvantage of outsourcing?
What is a disadvantage of outsourcing?
Which financial support option is non-returnable and provided as a one-time fund?
Which financial support option is non-returnable and provided as a one-time fund?
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What does offshoring primarily involve?
What does offshoring primarily involve?
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What might be a consequence of in-housing or reshoring?
What might be a consequence of in-housing or reshoring?
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Which factor is a push factor for businesses to operate overseas?
Which factor is a push factor for businesses to operate overseas?
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What do tax rebates provide for businesses?
What do tax rebates provide for businesses?
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Which of the following is NOT a consideration when determining the success of a business?
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when determining the success of a business?
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What can be a major impact of globalization on business location decisions?
What can be a major impact of globalization on business location decisions?
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What is a key characteristic of job production?
What is a key characteristic of job production?
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Which of the following is an advantage of batch production?
Which of the following is an advantage of batch production?
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What is a disadvantage of mass production?
What is a disadvantage of mass production?
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Which production method combines elements of both mass production and customization?
Which production method combines elements of both mass production and customization?
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What factor does NOT typically influence the choice of production method?
What factor does NOT typically influence the choice of production method?
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One of the key considerations when locating a business is the availability of which two aspects?
One of the key considerations when locating a business is the availability of which two aspects?
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What is typically true about job production regarding its market orientation?
What is typically true about job production regarding its market orientation?
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Which statement best describes the labor requirements for mass production?
Which statement best describes the labor requirements for mass production?
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A disadvantage associated with batch production includes:
A disadvantage associated with batch production includes:
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Which factor is NOT a benefit of an optimal business location?
Which factor is NOT a benefit of an optimal business location?
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What is a significant challenge for businesses using mass production?
What is a significant challenge for businesses using mass production?
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Which statement is true about mass customization?
Which statement is true about mass customization?
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Which of the following is a determining factor in the costs associated with locating a business?
Which of the following is a determining factor in the costs associated with locating a business?
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What is the primary difference between the production of goods and the production of services?
What is the primary difference between the production of goods and the production of services?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor that can influence the degree of "added value" to a product or service?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that can influence the degree of "added value" to a product or service?
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What is the main goal of "operations management"?
What is the main goal of "operations management"?
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How does the "input-output model" apply to both manufacturing and service industries?
How does the "input-output model" apply to both manufacturing and service industries?
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What are the three main pillars of sustainability in the context of operations management?
What are the three main pillars of sustainability in the context of operations management?
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What is the main function of the "operations" department within a business?
What is the main function of the "operations" department within a business?
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How does the "operations" department relate to the "marketing" department?
How does the "operations" department relate to the "marketing" department?
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How can an operations manager contribute to the success of the "human resources" department?
How can an operations manager contribute to the success of the "human resources" department?
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What is one way the "operations" department can contribute to the achievement of "economic sustainability"?
What is one way the "operations" department can contribute to the achievement of "economic sustainability"?
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What is the "triple bottom line" concept and its significance in operations management?
What is the "triple bottom line" concept and its significance in operations management?
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Flashcards
Operations
Operations
Fundamental activities of organizations that determine how they produce goods and services.
Operation Management
Operation Management
The art of managing production to achieve the best end product.
Input-Output Model
Input-Output Model
A basic process of transformation that applies to both manufacturing and services industries.
Added Value
Added Value
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Primary Sector
Primary Sector
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Secondary Sector
Secondary Sector
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Tertiary Sector
Tertiary Sector
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Economic Sustainability
Economic Sustainability
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Social Sustainability
Social Sustainability
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Triplet Bottom Line
Triplet Bottom Line
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Utilities
Utilities
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Grants
Grants
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Subsidies
Subsidies
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Push Factors
Push Factors
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Pull Factors
Pull Factors
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Outsourcing
Outsourcing
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Advantages of Outsourcing
Advantages of Outsourcing
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Disadvantages of Outsourcing
Disadvantages of Outsourcing
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Offshoring
Offshoring
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In-shoring
In-shoring
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Job Production
Job Production
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Advantages of Job Production
Advantages of Job Production
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Disadvantages of Job Production
Disadvantages of Job Production
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Batch Production
Batch Production
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Advantages of Batch Production
Advantages of Batch Production
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Disadvantages of Batch Production
Disadvantages of Batch Production
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Mass Production
Mass Production
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Advantages of Mass Production
Advantages of Mass Production
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Disadvantages of Mass Production
Disadvantages of Mass Production
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Mass Customization
Mass Customization
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Factors Affecting Production Method Choice
Factors Affecting Production Method Choice
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Location Decision Impact
Location Decision Impact
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Costs in Location Decisions
Costs in Location Decisions
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Benefits of Optimal Location
Benefits of Optimal Location
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Production Flexibility
Production Flexibility
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Study Notes
Operations Management
- Fundamental activities of organizations: defining what they do and how they deliver goods and services that meet consumer needs
- Operation management: the art of managing production to create the best final product
- Operations across sectors:
- Primary: mining, harvesting
- Secondary: industrial manufacturing
- Tertiary: for example, surgery
- Quaternary: business consultancy
- Input-output model:
- Basic process of transformation in manufacturing and service industries.
- Value added depends on several factors, such as: input resource combination efficiency, and convincing customers to pay more than the input costs.
- Added value: the difference between the cost of raw material and the final selling price of the finished product
- Operations and other business functions:
- Operations define "what" the business does
- Operations are performed by people
- Operations require careful financial management and monitoring
Relationship with other business functions
- Operations managers have direct experience of economies of scale/diseconomies of scale.
- They can identify organizational strengths and weaknesses not easily observed by other departments.
- Operations managers can advise on suitable non-financial rewards, motivating factors, and production cost-cutting strategies affecting the break-even point.
- Operations managers can provide advise on product extension strategies.
Operations and Production of Goods and Services
- Goods: Physical (such as a phone) and non-physical (services) products.
- Production: creation of physical (goods) and non-physical (services) products.
- Examples: Mobile Phones, Cosmetic Surgical procedures, Airline Travel, Music Concerts.
- Goods can often have a combination of goods and services.
Operations Management and Sustainability
- Economic sustainability: Using resources effectively to ensure profitability and financial performance.
- Social sustainability: considering both internal and external human resources when making business decisions.
- Types of production: Job production, Batch production, Mass production
Organization of Production
- Depends on the production function (what to produce, how ,using labor intensive or capital intensive methods)
- Job production: Custom-made products specific to the client. High mark-ups, costly, time-consuming
- Batch production: Making products in batches. Versatile, allows some customer freedom. Lower costs, lead times may increase.
- Mass production: Standardized, large-scale. Low cost, quick.
- Mass customization: combining mass production with personalization.
Factors in Locating a Business
- Location decision is crucial for a business.
- Right location can affect costs of production, tax rates, availability of skilled employees, access to supplies and resources, accessibility to markets, customer proximity, overcoming trade barriers and improving brand image, land, labor costs, transportation costs.
Competition
- Gap in the market.
- Setting up similar businesses nearby, creating clusters.
Changing the Production Method
- Production methods can change in response to environmental changes, human resources, marketing, financing and stock control.
- Decisions on appropriate production methods depend on internal and external factors.
- It is not always easy to change production methods once they are in place.
- There will be opportunity costs
Impact of Globalization on Location
- Pull factors: factors that draw businesses to particular locations, including improved communication, reduced trade barriers, deregulation of markets.
- Push factors: internal factors that push companies to move overseas, including reduced costs, higher market share, using extension or defensive strategies.
Outsourcing
- Outsourcing of business functions to other providers.
- Advantages: cost reductions, focused core activities, expertise, time reduction.
- Disadvantages: dependence on suppliers, loss of control, dilution of brand recognition.
In-housing and Reshoring
- Reverse trend to bring back in-house functions.
- Possible advantages: increased control, reduced costs (e.g. reduced tax), better quality control.
- Considerations: can be expensive, expertise may be lost, increased administrative costs.
Factors affecting production decisions
- Labor pool: availability, experience, skill.
- Infrastructure: transportation, utilities, communication.
- Suppliers: proximity, and reliability.
- Government: regulations, incentives, and taxation.
- Familiarity with the area.
- Markets: customer proximity and market size.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental activities of operations management, focusing on how organizations define their operations to deliver goods and services. It explores the input-output model, added value, and the interplay between operations and other business functions across various sectors.