Operations Management Chapter 3: Demand Forecasting in Airlines

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Questions and Answers

Why are airlines interested in accurately forecasting the number of meals needed for each flight?

  • To improve operating efficiency (correct)
  • To control the expenses related to in-flight meals
  • To plan and organize the in-flight meal services better
  • To reduce the cost of providing in-flight meals

What is the primary reason for airlines to invest in forecasting the number of meals needed?

  • To reduce the overall cost of providing in-flight meals
  • To accurately estimate the demand for goods and services (correct)
  • To control the expenses associated with in-flight meals
  • To plan and organize in-flight meal services effectively

How does accurate forecasting of meals help in reducing costs for airlines?

  • By improving the planning and organization of meal services
  • By accurately estimating the demand for goods and services (correct)
  • By controlling the expenses related to in-flight meals
  • By reducing the overall cost of providing in-flight meals

What can be achieved through effective planning, organizing, and accurate forecasting for airline meal services?

<p>Cost reduction and improved operating efficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do planning, organizing, and accurate forecasting relate to each other in the context of airline meal services?

<p>They overlap and interrelate, making control easier (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does accurate forecasting contribute to improving operating efficiency in airline meal services?

<p>By improving the accuracy in estimating meal demand (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In exponential smoothing, what type of forecasting technique is it?

<p>Moving average forecasting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the smoothing constant, α, do in exponential smoothing?

<p>It determines the error correction factor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range in which the value of α is often kept for smoothing the forecast?

<p>0.005 to 0.30 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the forecast calculated in simple exponential smoothing?

<p>$Ft = Ft-1 + \alpha(Dt-1 - Ft-1)$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of effect does simple exponential smoothing make no explicit adjustment for?

<p>Trend effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether the correction in simple exponential smoothing will be positive or negative?

<p>Demand for last period (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does adjusted exponential smoothing take into account that simple exponential smoothing does not?

<p>Trend effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In exponential smoothing, what is used to compute the forecast Ft?

<p>$\alpha$ value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of data carries more weight in exponential smoothing?

<p>Recent data carry more weight in the moving average. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of forecasting technique is exponential smoothing?

<p>Quantitative forecasting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of predicting a future event based on historical data?

<p>Forecasting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are forecasts almost always wrong?

<p>Unpredictable future events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which department depends on forecasts to project cash flows and capital requirements?

<p>Finance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying basis for all business decisions?

<p>Forecasting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does accurate forecasting contribute to in the context of airline meal services?

<p>Enhancing operating efficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do departments throughout the organization depend on forecasts for?

<p>Formulating and executing plans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical time range for a short-range forecast?

<p>3 months to 2 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of qualitative forecasting involves soliciting input from customers about their future purchasing plans?

<p>Market Research/Survey (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method of qualitative forecasting aims to eliminate the influence of dominant individuals in a group?

<p>Delphi Method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of forecasting method is often used for new product planning and system design?

<p>Executive Judgment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical time range for a long-range forecast?

<p>&gt; 2 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quantitative forecasting method does not consider any other factors besides the historical data in making forecasts?

<p>Naive Method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of short-range forecasts?

<p>Worker assignments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of qualitative forecasting involves pooling sales estimates from regional salespersons at district and national levels?

<p>Sales Force Composite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of medium-range forecasts?

<p>Sales/production planning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of the Delphi Method in forecasting?

<p>To eliminate the effects of dominant individuals in a group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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